中草药红景天对冷应激断奶仔猪生理机能的影响

[目的]探索中草药红景天对断奶仔猪抗冷应激的机理.[方法]选用25日龄断奶的大约克仔猪96头为试验动物.随机分成4组,慢性冷应激温度为(12±1)℃达14 d,将红景天粉碎后添加断奶仔猪的饲料中,添加量为饲料量的0.5%、1.0%和1.5%,饲喂14d后测定奶仔猪体增重,并测定猪体内一氧化氮(NO)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及白细胞和红细胞数量等指标,研究红景天对冷应激断奶仔猪生理机能的影响.[结果]冷应激的大约克仔猪各试验组应用红景天后,NO含量明显降低,GSH-Px活性及白细胞和红细胞的数量明显升高,猪只体重及平均日增重也较对照组有显著升高.[结论]中草药红景天对冷应激的断奶仔猪有良好的促生长及抗病能力,添加量以饲料量的1.0%为宜.     

双低菜籽粕在断奶仔猪日粮中的适宜添加量研究

[目的] 探讨断奶仔猪日粮中双低菜籽粕的适宜添加量.[方法]选取长白(♂)与八眉猪(♀)杂交一代母猪与长白(♂)杂交所产三元杂交仔猪48头,随机分为4组,12头/组,预饲期5 d,然后进行28 d饲喂试验.第1、第2和第3组饲粮中双低菜籽粕的添加量分别为5%,7%和9%,第4组为对照组,不添加双低菜籽粕,平衡日粮中的消化能.[结果] Ⅱ 组断奶仔猪平均日增重最高;第7天与Ⅲ组,第14天和第21天与Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,第28天与其他3组均差异显著(P<0.05).[结论]双低菜籽粕含量为7%时增重效果最好.     

北五味子对小鼠学习记忆及脑SOD和MDA的影响

[目的]了解北五味子醇提取物对小鼠学习记忆能力及脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响.[方法]将健康昆明小鼠随机分为对照组和北五味子醇提取物低、中、高剂量组,连续灌胃28 d,通过Morris水迷宫试验检测小鼠学习记忆能力的变化;并测定小鼠脑组织SOD、MDA含量.[结果]北五味子提取物灌胃后经Morris水迷宫定位航行试验检测发现,第7、14、21天各组小鼠逃避潜伏期无显著差异(P>0.05),第28天高剂量组小鼠逃避潜伏期较对照组显著延长(P<0.05).各组小鼠脑组织SOD活力较对照组出现不同程度降低(P<0.05),MDA含量无显著差异(P>0.05).[结论]北五味子提取物对小鼠学习记忆能力可能没有明显影响,但可能影响脑组织中SOD含量.     

枸杞果柄黄酮含量及不同溶剂提取物清除自由基的活性研究

[目的]比较分析枸杞果柄不同溶剂提取物的体外抗氧化活性,并测定其黄酮含量.[方法]利用比色法测定枸杞果柄不同溶剂提取物中的总黄酮含量,利用二苯代苦肼基自由基体系(DPPH)对枸杞果柄不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性进行评价.[结果]枸杞果柄各提取部位均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中正丁醇提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力最强,与Vc的清除能力相比没有显著性差异;正丁醇提取物的总黄酮含量显著高于其他提取部位,达到61.26 mg/g.[结论]枸杞果柄的抗氧化活性与其所含的黄酮含量高低有关.     

半滑舌鳎组织器官中一氧化氮含量和一氧化氮合酶活性的测定

[目的]研究半滑舌鳎不同组织器官中一氧化氮(NO)含量和不同类型一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性.[方法]采用Griess试剂法测定NO含量,采用化学比浊法测定NOS的活性.[结果]诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在肌肉组织中活性最高,为28.774±4.10U/mgprot,依次为肠、脑、肝脏、头肾、鳃、中肾、脾脏、心脏.肠和脑之间以及肝脏和头肾之间iNOS的活性不存在显著性差异,而其他组织器官之间iNOS的活性都存在显著性差异.结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)在肠组织中活性最高,为55.979±5.048 U/mgprot.所测组织器官中cNOS活性都存在显著性差异.NO含量在脾脏中最高,为38.540±4.535μmol/L.脾脏、头肾、肝脏之间,以及脑、心脏、中肾之间NO含量不存在显著性差异,而其他组织器官之间NO含量都存在显著性差异.[结论]不同组织器官中NO含量和NOS活性不同,这可能与组织器官功能有着密切联系.     

一氧化氮对汞胁迫下小麦种子萌发及抗氧化代谢的影响

[目的]研究一氧化氯(NO)促进汞胁迫下小麦种子的萌发及其对萌发过程中氧化胁迫的缓解效应.[方法]采用不同浓度的HgCl2模拟重金属汞胁迫梯度处理小麦种子,以小麦种子发芽率达到对照的50%时,为汞胁迫对小麦种子萌发的半抑制浓度;以硝普钠(SNP)作为NO的供体,预处理小麦种子12 h后,置于半抑制浓度的汞胁迫条件下,研究小麦种子的发芽状况,探查种子中淀粉酶和蛋白水解酶的活性变化,以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、脯氨酸和丙二醛(MDA)含量3个抗氧化指标的变化.[结果]NO供体SNP能显著促进汞胁迫下小麦种子的萌发,经SNP预处理的小麦种子中淀粉酶和蛋白水解酶的活性明显高于对照:SNP预处理能明显促进汞胁迫下小麦种子中CAT活性的上升,上调脯氨酸的水平,降低脂质过氧化产物MDA的含量.[结论]NO供体SNP能促进小麦种子萌发与幼苗的生长,并提高小麦种子的抗氧化能力.     

砷胁迫对药用植物黄芪中抗氧化酶活性的影响

[目的]探讨砷胁迫对药用植物黄芪中抗氧化酶活性的影响,以期为揭示砷毒害植物机理提供理论依据.[方法]以内蒙药用植物黄芪为材料,分别采用高锰酸钾滴定法、愈创木酚法、邻苯三酚自氧化法以及硫代巴比妥酸法研究不同浓度砷胁迫下对药用植物黄芪中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性影响以和丙二醛(MDA)的浓度变化.[结果]随着砷浓度升高,黄芪叶片中这3种酶的活性能够维持,特别是POD活性显著增加.从时间动态看,随处理时间的延长,黄芪叶片中的CAT活性先升高再降低,POD活性增加,SOD活性变化不显著;MDA含量先升后降,第8天达到最大值.[结论]该研究可为中药材重金属含量控制和药理活性鉴定提供理论依据.     

人参三七提取物抗疲劳作用的研究

[目的]研究人参三七提取物缓解体力疲劳的作用,为进一步开发利用人参三七提供试验依据.[方法]将小鼠分为4批,每批48只,随机分为4组,分别为对照组和50、100、300 mg/kg 3个给药组,各组小鼠经口灌胃给药30 d后,分别测定其负重游泳时间及血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原含量.[结果]100和300 mg/kg 剂量组人参三七提取物小鼠负重游泳时间显著长于对照组(P<0.01),血清中尿素氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05),小鼠肝糖原水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05);小鼠游泳后血乳酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05).[结论]人参三七提取物具有缓解体力疲劳的作用.     

双低菜籽粕饲喂生长肥育猪的效果研究

[目的] 研究应用双低菜籽粕代替豆粕饲喂生长育肥猪的效果.[方法] 试验选择长白(♂)与八眉猪(♀)杂交一代母猪,再与长白公猪(♂)杂交所产三元仔猪共60头,随机分4组,即试验I、II、III和IV组,日粮中分别用0、6%、10%和14%的双低菜籽粕取代日粮中的豆粕.[结果] 试验IV组的日增重极显著低于其他3组日增重(P<0.01),而试验I、II和III组之间差异不显著;通过对血液中谷丙转氨酶(ATL)、谷草转氨酶(AST);甲状腺激素(TSH)、甲状腺素(T4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)指标测定,各试验组间差异不显著.[结论] 选用10%双低菜籽粕取代豆粕蛋白饲粮饲喂生长育肥猪效果最好.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GXA毒株人工感染仔猪的病理学研究

[目的] 探讨PRRSV-GXA毒株对断奶仔猪的致病性.[方法] 将12头PRRSV/PCV2抗体和抗原阴性的健康仔猪随机分为感染组(9头)和对照组(3头),感染组通过口服和肌肉注射方式接种PRRSV-GXA株细胞毒(4 ml/头),对照组接种无病毒的细胞培养液(4 ml/头).感染后第11、14和21天分别剖杀感染组3头和对照组1头,根据临床症状、病理学变化、特异性抗体水平以及病毒核酸等判断其致病性.[结果] 仔猪感染PRRSV后第6～10天体温稍微升高,随后逐渐恢复至正常.早期出现短暂的精神沉郁,轻度厌食但没有出现典型临床症状.剖检的病理变化仅见于感染后第21天,有2头感染仔猪肺膈叶前缘出现小的局灶性间质性肺炎,镜检肺泡壁间质增宽,有多量单核细胞和淋巴细胞浸润.在感染后第9天检测到PRRSV特异性抗体,并随着时间呈上升趋势,感染后第21天达到较高值.在4头感染仔猪的肺脏及肺门淋巴结检测到病毒核酸,其中1头仔猪扁桃体也检测到病毒核酸.[结论] PRRSV-GXA毒株对仔猪的毒力较弱,但能刺激机体产生较高水平特异性抗体.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)