一个m维整数瓶颈运输问题及其算法

５１．引言 整数瓶颈问题 （ＩＢＰ的研究最早可追朔到 １９５９年Ｇｒｏｓｓ关于瓶颈指派问题 （ＢＡＰ的研究［’］以及 Ｂａｒｓｏｗ关于时间运输问题（ＴＴＰ）的研究［’］．对 ＢＡＰ相继又出现了改进算法［３］、图算法［４］以及将其化为一般指派问题的算法［’］． １９６９年以来， Ｈａｍｍｅｒ等人又研究了 ＴＴＰ［６－８１．近十几年来，对 ＩＢＰ仍有一些新成果面世 ［９－１５１．但无论国内或者国外，所有成果其目标函数均局限在１，２维的简单情形．本文提出并研究了目标函数为。维的整数瓶颈运输问题， ５２．问题的提出…     

单滞后区间动力系统的稳定性

本文研究如下单滞后时变区间动力系统ｘ（ｔ）＝Ｎ［Ｐ，Ｑ］ｘ（ｔ）＋Ｎ［Ｃ（ｔ），Ｄ（ｔ）］ｘ（ｔ－τ），τ≥０的渐近稳定性的ａ稳定性，给出了其渐近稳定和ａ稳定的充分条件，推广和改进了文［１，２］的工作。     

对"评热防护发汗冷却控制一文"的评论

对“评热防护发汗冷却控制一文”的评论＠杨学实对“评热防护发汗冷却控制一文”的评论杨学实（北京１４２信箱２０６分箱北京１００８５４）文献［２］认为文献［１］的方程（４）即Ｔｔ＝α２Ｔｙ２＋βＴｙ＋ｓ（ｔ）ｌ－ｙＴｌ－ｓ（ｔ）ｙ（１）的右端第三...     

用特征线—差分方法模拟含扩散的非线性色谱过程

用特征线－差分方法 模拟了扩散系数为１０＾－４（ｃｍ＾２／ｓｅｃ）数量级的非理想线性色谱过程，所得结果与其他方法及实验结果和了比较，激波峰定位更符合论值及实验值，并讨论了扩散系数Ｄ与保留时间ｔＲ间的关系。与文献［１，４］一致。     

二元向量有理插值的NEVILLE计算公式

１．引 言 在机械振动的数据分析等方面，向量值函数的有理插值与逼近有着广泛的应用．Ｇｒａｖｅｓ－Ｍｏｒｒｉｓ系统地研究了一元向量值函数的有理插值问题［１－３］．朱功勤等自 １９９０年开始将一元的结果成功地推广到了二元的情形［４－７］．设由平面上相异点组成的点集为其对应的有限向量集为［５］给出了其中满足向量值函数的有理插值问题与下述向量的逆密切相关，其中ｆ＝（ｆ１，ｆ１，…，ｆｄ）Ｒｄ并且对于（１．４）的特殊情况，约定称ｄ维向量值多项式的次数为ｎ且记为｛Ｎ（ｘ，ｙ）｝＝ｎ，如果对任意ｊ＝１，２，…，…     

非线性等式与不等式问题的信赖域算法

５１．引言 本文讨论如下非线性等式与不等式问题的求解问题：其中,吐。）是＊”＋Ｂ的连续可微函数． 非线性问题（１．１）广泛出现于优化问题、互补问题及变分不等式等应用数学领域中,因而对其算法的研究也是计算数学的一个重要部分．许多作者考察了该问题的求解,如Ｄｅｎｎｉｓ和Ｓｃｈｎａｂｅ［６］, Ｐｓｈｅｎｉｃｈｌｌｙｉ［９］, Ｒｏｂｉｎｓｏｎ［１０１等人讨论了该问题的牛顿法求解,梯度法求解,Ｂｕｒｋｅ和 Ｈａｎ［‘］讨论了高斯一牛顿法求解． Ｄｅｎｎｉｓ在［５］中首次采用了信赖域算法的求解,［５］中通过引…     

2－D系统的干扰解耦

本文讨论了２－Ｄ系统的干扰解耦问题（ＤＤＰ），将１－Ｄ系统理论中的有关结果推广到了２－Ｄ线性离散常系数一般模型（２－ＤＧＭ），得到了问题可解的充分条件和必要条件以及相应的算法．这些结果较好地改进了现有结果     

一般模型2－D系统的观测器设计理论

该文讨论了２－Ｄ一般模型（２ＤＧＭ）在标准边界条件下的渐近观测器的存在性条件及其设计问题．为此，首先将由Ｂｉｓｉａｃｃｏ等人在１９８５年发展起来的相应于对角边界条件的２－Ｄ渐近稳定性理论推广到了具有标准边界条件的２－Ｄ一般模型．在此基础上，借助于局部能控性概念，建立了一系列十分类似于１－Ｄ情形的观测器的存在条件，从这些存在条件出发也可以得到相应的观测器设计算法，最后还得出了２ＤＧＭ的分离性定理．     

一类Boltzmann & Darwin混合寻优策略的收敛特性研究

基于文［１］提出的求解组合最优化问题的Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ＆Ｄａｒｗｉｎ混合寻优策略，本文进一步分析研究了Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ＆Ｄａｒｗｉｎ混合寻优策略非时齐情形下的收敛特性，包括全局收敛性和收敛速度。结果表明，Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ＆Ｄａｒｗｉｎ混合寻优策略的收敛特性优于模拟退火（ｓｉｍ－ｕｌａｔｅｄ ａｎｎｅａｌｉｎｇ）方法的收敛特性。     

2-D系统的干扰解耦

本文讨论了２－Ｄ系统的干扰解耦问题（ＤＤＰ），将１－Ｄ系统理论中的有关结果推广到了２－Ｄ线性离散常系数一般模型（２－ＤＧＭ），得到了问题可解的充分条件和必要条件以及相应的算法。这些结果较好地改进了现有结果。     

2-D Roesser模型的静态干扰解耦

本文讨论了2-D Roesser模型[1](RM)的静态干扰解耦问题[2](简称为2-D DDP),即 寻求2-D状态反馈使相应的闭环系统具有抗干扰的能力,得到了问题有解的充分条件和计算 相应反馈阵的算法.     

2-D系统的稳定性问题

以线性矩阵不等式为工具,研究有关2-D系统第二类Fornasini-Marchesini模型的稳 定性的问题.首先提出了该类系统的一种Lyaptunov不等式,由此给出了该类系统渐近稳定的新 的判别条件.其次,给出了该类系统能稳定化的充分条件和反馈矩阵的求法.最后,提出了一种 求该类系统的稳定性裕度下界的方法,并指出了利用该方法得到的稳定性裕度的下界大于原有 文献中给出的下界.     

Matching 3-D Models to 2-D Images

We consider the problem of analytically characterizing the set of all 2-D images that a group of 3-D features may produce, and demonstrate that this is a useful thing to do. Our results apply for simple point features and point features with associated orientation vectors when we model projection as a 3-D to 2-D affine transformation. We show how to represent the set of images that a group of 3-D points produces with two lines (1-D subspaces), one in each of two orthogonal, high-dimensional spaces, where a single image group corresponds to one point in each space. The images of groups of oriented point features can be represented by a 2-D hyperbolic surface in a single high-dimensional space. The problem of matching an image to models is essentially reduced to the problem of matching a point to simple geometric structures. Moreover, we show that these are the simplest and lowest dimensional representations possible for these cases.We demonstrate the value of this way of approaching matching by applying our results to a variety of vision problems. In particular, we use this result to build a space-efficient indexing system that performs 3-D to 2-D matching by table lookup. This system is analytically built and accessed, accounts for the effects of sensing error, and is tested on real images. We also derive new results concerning the existence of invariants and non-accidental properties in this domain. Finally, we show that oriented points present unexpected difficulties: indexing requires fundamentally more space with oriented than with simple points, we must use more images in a motion sequence to determine the affine structure of oriented points, and the linear combinations result does not hold for oriented points.     

定常2-D系统控制能量受限下的完全能控性

本文研究了定常2-D系统Roesser模型在控制能量受限下的完全能控性,得到了一个充分必要条件,并对一种特殊的2-D可分离分母系统给出了控制能量受限下完全能控的一种非常简洁的代数条件。     

Determination of camera location from 2-D to 3-D line and pointcorrespondences

A method for the determination of camera location from two-dimensional (2-D) to three-dimensional (3-D) straight line or point correspondences is presented. With this method, the computations of the rotation matrix and the translation vector of the camera are separable. First, the rotation matrix is found by a linear algorithm using eight or more line correspondences, or by a nonlinear algorithm using three or more line correspondences, where the line correspondences are either given or derived from point correspondences. Then, the translation vector is obtained by solving a set of linear equations based on three or more line correspondences, or two or more point correspondences. Eight 2-D to 3-D line correspondences or six 2-D to 3-D point correspondences are needed for the linear approach; three 2-D to 3-D line or point correspondences for the nonlinear approach. Good results can be obtained in the presence of noise if more than the minimum required number of correspondences are used     

Noninteracting control of 2-D systems

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a decoupling bicausal precompensator for multivariable 2-D systems are derived in state-space and frequency domains. In general, the decoupling problem for 2-D systems can be solved by feedback compensators if suitable injectivity assumptions are introduced on the input-state matrices. The structure of dynamic compensators is derived for this case, and the 2-D decoupling problem with stability is solved     

关于可分2-D系统的几个注记

可分２－Ｄ系统是一类具有良好特性的特殊２－Ｄ系统，它在多方面均有重要的应用。本文在已有结果的基础上对具有可分性的２－Ｄ多输入多输出系统的再实现问题、渐近稳定性代数判据、状态观测设计等方面进行了较为广泛的研究，得到了许多较多的结果。     

Optimal control of 2-D systems

Two-dimensional (2-D) optimal control theory that parallels one-dimensional (1-D) optimal control is developed. A generalized performance measure suited to 2-D systems is introduced. The canonical equations associated with this performance measure and a general nonlinear model are obtained. The 2-D linear quadratic regulator problem is formulated, and its canonical equations are derived for the Roesser model. An earlier result by T. Kaczorek and J. Klamka (1986) for the solution of the minimum-energy problem with fixed-final local state is rederived using this approach. A new problem, minimum-energy with fixed-final-pass local states is formulated and solved, and a numerical example is given     

A 2-phase 2-D thresholding algorithm

When using 2-D thresholding to segment images, the used threshold would partition the 2-D histogram into four quadrants, two of which are corresponding to the object and background, while the other two are corresponding to edges and noise. However, unsuccessful segmentation will often happen because many existing 2-D thresholding methods ignore edges and noise quadrants in calculation. To solve this problem, in this paper a novel 2-D threshold line segmentation strategy is proposed, in which the second threshold point is determined adaptively by considering the information of incorrectly classified pixels. The experiments on typical images demonstrated that the proposed method achieves very competitive segmentation results in comparison with the existing representative methods.