Research progress on water resources management theory of “basing four aspects on water resources”EI北大核心CSCD

In order to implement the rigid constraint system for water resources and promote refined management of water resources, based on the analysis of the concept and notion of “basing four aspects on water resources” and the summary of the experience of water resources management, the basic theory and management guidelines for water resources control of “basing four aspects on water resources” are proposed. The latest progress of “ basing four aspects on water resources” is systematically sorted out, and it is pointed out that further research on the water resources control of “basing four aspects on water resources” should be deepened from the aspects of macro-system evaluation system construction, water resources optimization allocation model reconstruction, and refinement of water resources control system. © 2023, Editorial Board of Water Resources Protection. All rights reserved.     

θ-improved limited tolerance relation model of incomplete information system for evaluation of water conservancy project management modernization

The modernization of water conservancy project management is a complicated engineering system involving a management system, a management method, management personnel, the exertion of social, economic, and ecological effects, and so on. However, indices for evaluating the modernization of water conservancy project management are usually unobtainable in practical applications. Conducting appropriate extension of the classical rough set theory and then applying it to an incomplete information system are the key to the application of the rough set theory Based on analysis of some extended rough set models in incomplete information systems, a rough set model based on the θ-improved limited tolerance relation is put forward. At the same time, upper approximation and lower approximation are defined under this improved relation. According to the evaluation index system and management practices, the threshold for θ is defined. An example study indicates the practicability and maneuverability of the model.     

Study on coupling coordination development and dynamic response of water system of sponge citieEI北大核心CSCD

Based on the established evaluation indicator system of urban water system, evaluation indicator data collected from six typical pilot sponge cities were analyzed using a coupling coordination model to empirically examine the development status of coupling coordination of the water system of different cities. The key indicators were identified through grey correlation analysis, and a vector auto regression model was established to investigate the mechanism, through which these key indicators impact the development of coupling coordination of the water system. The findings indicate that the water system of the six cities has progressed from serious or moderate incoordination to coordination after the construction of sponge cities, and “sponging” reconstruction had better short-term effectiveness in southern pilot cities, including Wuhan, Shenzhen, and Shanghai, compared to northern pilot cities, including Jinan and Beijing. Furthermore, the coupling coordination degree between the water ecology and water security subsystems is found to be the highest, while river regulation rate and drinking water compliance rate exert fluctuating effects, alternatively impeding or promoting the interrelation between the two sub-systems. By contrast, the coupling coordination degree between the water resources and water culture subsystems is the weakest, while the number of official platform publicity exerts a significant and sustained positive effect on the relationship between the two sub-systems. Additionally, there is a need for further enhancement of the coupling coordination degree between the water resources and water environment subsystems, and the increases of water consumption per 10 000 yuan of GDP and sewage treatment rate have significant promoting but short-lived effects on the coordination between the two sub-systems. © 2023, Editorial Board of Water Resources Protection. All rights reserved.     

STUDY ON THE POLLUTION OF URBAN SCENIC WATER BODY BY MUNICIPAL DRAINAGE IN FLOOD SEASON AND ITS CONTROL PLANNING

In this article, based on river quality simulation and system optimization, a water quality model was established for scenic river after rainfall discharge in flood season, with the target of making water pollutants meet the standard in priority and saving expenditure on pollution control. With the principle of reducing sewage from combined sewage pumping station and heavily polluted initial rainwater, a mathematical multiobjective planning model was constructed for rain sewage pollution control in flood season, and one scenic river in a northern city was taken for simulation example. The results show that： the optimization result meets the requirements of planning, among which, sewage reduction from the combined pumping station accounts for 17.38% in the total reduction of rain sewage, and the reduction in the heavily polluted rain water accounts for 77.24% in the total reduction of rainwater pumping station. The planning scheme can provide theoretical basis for pollution control of scenic river in flood season, and for rational reconstruction and layout of outfalls along two banks of the river.     

长江水资源保护面临的挑战与前景

The major faced problems at present in Yangtze river basin are: ① uneffective control in river water pollution threatens seriously the safety of drinking water; ② shrinkage of lake area and serious eutrophication; ③ soil-water losses degraded the ecological environment of the basin; ④ the impact of TGP and S-N water transfer project on water environment of the basin. In the light of above-mentioned problems, water resources utilization strategy must be adjusted and the sustainable social and economic development should be supported by sustainable water resources utilization, and it is necessary to take the following countermeasures: ① establishing overall flood control and disaster relief system; ② developing high water use efficiency agriculture; ③ taking "giving priority to water saving on the basis of pollution control" as urban water resources utilization strategy; ④ implementing comprehensive pollution control strategy with sources control as main point; ⑤ guaranteing water demand of the ecological environment; ⑥implementing the strategy of maintaining water resources supply and demand balance on the basis of water demand management; ⑦ studying countermeasures for the ecological and environmental impacts of trans-basin water transfer and western China devolopment. The key of realization of sustainable water resources utilization is to reform management and investment mechanism of water resources and water price policy. It is the only way to solve the water resources problems in Yangtze river basin as well as the whole China.     

Assessment of impact of water diversion projects on ecological water uses in arid region

In arid regions, large-scale water diversion from rivers leads to significant changes in river flow regimes, which may have large impacts on ecological water uses of river-dependent ecosystems, such as river, lake, wetland, and riparian ecosystems. To assess the integrated impact of water diversion on ecological water uses, we proposed a hierarchy evaluation model composed of four layers representing the evaluation goal, sub-areas of the influenced region, evaluation criteria, and water diversion schemes, respectively. The evaluation criteria for different types of ecological water uses were proposed, and the analytical hierarchy process was used for the integrated assessment. For a river ecosystem, the percentage of mean annual flow was used to define the grade of environmental flow. For a lake ecosystem, water recharge to the lake to compensate the lake water losses was used to assess the ecological water use of a lake. The flooding level of the wetland and the groundwater level in the riparian plain were used to assess the wetland and riparian ecological water uses, respectively. The proposed model was applied to a basin in northern Xinjiang in northwest China, where both water diversion and inter-basin water transfer projects were planned to be carried out. Based on assessment results for the whole study area and two sub-areas, an appropriate scheme was recommended from four planning schemes. With the recommended scheme, ecological water uses of the influenced ecosystems can be maintained at an acceptable level. Meanwhile, economical water requirements can be met to a great extent.     

Evaluation,prediction, and protection of water quality in Danjiangkou Reservoir,China

The water quality in the Danjiangkou Reservoir has attracted considerable attention from the Chinese public and government since the announcement of the Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project(SNWDP), which commenced transferring water in 2014.Integrated research on the evaluation, prediction, and protection of water quality in the Danjiangkou Reservoir was carried out in this study in order to improve environmental management. Based on 120 water samples, wherein 17 water quality indices were measured at 20 monitoring sites, a single factor evaluation method was used to evaluate the current status of water quality. The results show that the main indices influencing the water quality in the Danjiangkou Reservoir are total phosphorus(TP), permanganate index(COD Mn), dissolved oxygen(DO), and five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5), and the concentrations of TP, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen(NH3e N), COD Mn, DO, and anionic surfactant(Surfa) do not reach the specified standard levels in the tributaries. Seasonal Mann e Kendall tests indicated that the COD Mn concentration shows a highly significant increasing trend, and the TP concentration shows a significant increasing trend in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The distribution of the main water quality indices in the Danjiangkou Reservoir was predicted using a two-dimensional water quality numerical model,and showed that the sphere of influence from the tributaries can spread across half of the Han Reservoir if the pollutants are not controlled.Cluster analysis(CA) results suggest that the Shending River is heavily polluted, that the Jianghe, Sihe, and Jianhe rivers are moderately polluted, and that they should be the focus of environmental remediation.     

新疆某水利枢纽泄洪闸闸墩温控 防裂反馈分析

Based on the basic theory of temperature field and stress field for mass concrete, a feedback calculation for the temperature control simulation is made in accordance with the specific characteristics of the pier of the flood discharge sluice for a water control project in Xinjiang. It is known through the calculation that the adoptions of both the measure to alleviate the temperature difference between the inner and the outer concrete of the pier during the early period and the measure of the following-up temperature insulation for the concrete are the favorable methods to prevent the cracking of the pier concrete, and then this study result can provide references for the related project concerned.     

Evaluation of urban river landscape design rationality based on AHP

An evaluation model for the rationality of the landscape design of urban rivers was established with the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method so as to provide a foundation for updating the landscape design of urban rivers. The evaluation system was divided into four layers, including the target layer, the comprehensive layer, the element layer, and the index layer. Each layer was made of different indices. The evaluation standards for each index were also given in this paper. This evaluation model was proved tenable through its application to the landscape design rationality evaluation of the Weihe River in Xinxiang City of Henan Province. The results show that the water quality, space, activity, facility, community, width of vegetation, sense of beauty and water content are among the most influential factors and should be considered the main basis for evaluating the rationality of the landscape design of urban rivers.     

Impacts of water surface area of watershed on design flood简

In order to analyze the impact of the water surface area of a watershed on the design flood, the watershed was classified into a land watershed and a water surface watershed for flood flow calculation at the same time interval. Then, the design flood of the whole watershed was obtained by adding the two flood flows together. Using this method, we calculated design floods with different water surface areas of three reservoirs and analyzed the impact of water surface area on the flood volume and peak flow. The results indicate that larger water surface areas lead to greater impacts on the flood volume and peak flow. For the same watershed area, the impact of water surface area on the flood volume and peak flow is positively proportional to the flood frequency, i.e., the higher the frequency, the greater the impact becomes.     

基于模糊理论的博尔塔拉蒙古自治州水资源利用和谐度分析

通过对博尔塔拉蒙古自治州2002-2007年水资源统计数据及其相关的社会、经济与生态环境数据分析,构建了水资源利用和谐度评价指标体系,运用AHP法确定各评价指标的相对权重,借助模糊理论中的和谐度概念,建立了评价水资源利用和谐度的数学模型,定量分析博尔塔拉蒙古自治州的水资源利用和谐度.结果表明:①2002-2007年间博...     

汉江流域用水总量控制指标实施方法研究

汉江流域为我国实行最严格水资源管理体制的试点流域,对其水资源供需状况进行研究,探讨用水总量控制的实施方法,有着十分重大的指导意义。以汉江流域水资源公报为依据,首先建立了汉江流域用水总量控制评价指标体系,然后,通过对流域各地区水资源供需形势、用水效率、与发达国家节水水平的比较,明确了汉江流域目前的用水水平、各地区节约用水的差距、与世界先进国家相比的节水潜力、需要加强水资源管理的地区与行业。分析结果认为,为保证汉江流域经济社会的可持续发展和用水安全,应从开源和节流两个方面制定水资源管理措施,节水重点应放在水资源利用效率较差的行业和地区。     

复杂巨系统视角下的水资源安全及其研究方法

以复杂巨系统理论为指导,探讨了水资源复杂巨系统的概念、内涵、结构以及和谐等问题。在此基础上,对水资源复杂巨系统的核心问题——水资源安全进行了分析,指出水资源安全可通过水资源所支撑的饮水安全、粮食安全、经济安全、生态安全和环境安全而体现。提出了基于规则的水资源安全研究模式以及水资源安全研究的综合集成方法,为今后水资源安全评价指标体系、水资源管理整体模型以及水资源安全保障体系的建立奠定了基础。     

引黄灌区水资源调配模型及和谐评估

基于引黄灌区普遍特征及存在的水资源问题,构建考虑水资源、经济社会和生态环境多维目标的水资源优化调配模型,建立引黄灌区水资源和谐评估指标体系,并将模型和评估体系应用到赵口引黄灌区二期工程。基于模型解集中选取的4种代表性优化调配方案进行水资源、经济社会、生态环境的效益分析,选定P₄方案为赵口二期水资源多目标优化调度方案,并基于该方案开展和谐评估和多方案调控研究。结果表明：模型优化后灌区和谐度明显提高,通过对和谐度较低的地下水开采率、农业用水比例、城镇化率、人均粮食产量、绿化覆盖率等指标调控后,和谐度可进一步提高到0.790。     

水资源协调管理系统研究

水资源系统是一个开放的大系统,水资源系统与经济系统及社会系统有着广泛的联系：经济系统影响着水资源的开发程度,决定着水资源的集约利用程度;社会系统决定着水资源的权限关系、影响着水资源开发利用的程度。在新时期、新形势下,要实现水资源的合理配置、最优利用,必须在强调水资源统一管理的同时,树立水资源协调管理的思想。以水资源系统本体与系统环境、水资源平级子系统、水资源分级子系统为递阶层次,构建了水资源的协调管理模式,对水资源管理机构间的协调关系进行了分析。水资源管理的协调性包括涉水部门与非涉水部门之间、各流域机构之间、流域机构与行政区域管理部门之间、同一行政区域内不同涉水部门之间的协调性。     

基于“三条红线”的水资源与经济发展协调度评价

为全面分析实施最严格水资源管理制度效果,以广东省为研究对象,剖析近年广东省用水总量、用水效率及限制纳污能力现状,选取合适的指标,综合评价水资源与区域社会经济发展及生态环境保护的协调度。分析结果具有一定的现实意义,可为广东省完善最严格水资源管理制度机制及全国其他区域实施最严格水资源管理制度提供借鉴。     

最严格水资源管理制度下建设项目水资源论证若干问题探讨

在分析最严格水资源管理制度与建设项目水资源论证关系的基础上,从用水总量控制指标方面分析了建设项目水资源论证中现状用水总量折算方法;从用水效率控制指标分析了水资源论证中建设项目用水工艺参数的选取和自身用水效率;从水功能区限制纳污控制指标方面分析了建设项目水资源论证生态用水量和水功能区限制纳污影响问题。探讨新时期建设项目水资源论证相关问题,对于促进水资源可持续利用具有十分重要的意义。     

区域水资源利用压力分析评价

水资源利用压力指数可用来衡量一个区域的水资源相对稀缺性,并判断水资源是否成为社会经济发展的制约因素.基于"压力-状态-响应"概念模型在经济、环境、生态综合评价指标体系中的应用,从人口数量压力、水资源数量压力、水环境压力、水资源技术压力、水资源用水管理压力的角度,建立了水资源利用压力指标体系.通过对全国223个地市水资源利用压力的计算分析,该指标体系定量反映了水资源与人口、经济、环境之间的协调关系,验证了所构建的水资源利用压力指标的合理性,为区域水资源可持续利用提供理论参考.     

城市水资源可持续发展公众化评价研究

城市水资源可持续发展微观尺度的评价系统一直是环境可持续发展理论领域的空白。本研究提出了城市水资源可持续发展公众化的概念,讨论了城市水资源可持续发展公众化系统组成,构建了城市水资源可持续发展公众化评价指标体系、计算方法与评价等级。提出通过多边形包络评价法进行城市的社会经济科技发展水平评价计算,作为验证手段检验本理论与方法正确性。最后指出,进行城市水资源可持续发展公众化评价理论及其体系研究对城市科学发展的重要意义。     

Application of SEDEA to evaluation of degree of harmony between water resources and economic development

This paper introduces the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for evaluation of the degree of harmony between water resources and economic development of the water conservancy area of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP). For this evaluation, a super-efficiency DEA (SEDEA) model was developed based on the super-efficiency method. To verify the applicability of the SEDEA model, both the SEDEA model and a normal-efficiency DEA (NEDEA) model were used to evaluate the degree of harmony between water resources and economic development of typical cities in the SNWDP water conservancy area. The results show that the SEDEA model ranks the degree of harmony of typical cities more efficiently than the NEDEA model, and thus can better evaluate the degree of harmony between water resources and economic development of different cities than the NEDEA model.Furthermore, the SEDEA model can be applied as an operational research tool in regional water resources management.