中年进补餐谱

营养过剩成为现代人的健康大敌。由于过量摄入高蛋白、高脂肪、高糖类 等高营养物质,过剩的营养在体内产生大量的酸性物质,破坏了体内酸碱平衡, 导致酸性体质。酸性体质是产生高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病、高血脂、痛风、 癌症等现代文明病的主要根源之一。预防酸性体质首先要从饮食开始,注意酸 性食物和碱性食物的合理搭配。 属于碱性的常见食物有:菠菜、卷心菜、萝卜、青笋、胡萝卜、马铃薯、黄瓜、 南瓜、豆腐、豌豆、赤豆、绿豆、山芋、甘薯、四季豆、藕、栗子、洋葱、茄子、香菇、 牛奶、蛋白、橘子、葡萄、香蕉、苹果、柿子等。 属于酸性的常见食物有:牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉、蛋黄、牡蛎、鳝鱼、糙米、 面条、面包、蚕豆、章鱼、泥鳅、虾、蟹、鱿鱼、鸭肉、紫菜、白糖、啤酒等。     

将粗饲料变成高效营养饲料的几种方法

自然界的天然粗饲料,如各种农作物的秸秆、皮、壳、芯;树木、瓜果的茎、叶、籽、壳、藤蔓、锯末;动物的蹄、毛、骨、角、下杂等都是发展养殖业的廉价的、取之不尽的饲料资源。这些粗饲料富含大量的蛋白质、氨基酸类、维生     

怎样从野生植物中提取淀粉

人们常见的野生淀粉资源,有果壳类的锥栗、茅栗、甜槠、苦槠、绵槠、青冈、麻烁、栓皮栎、懈栎、金樱子、回菁、马棘、芡实、薏苡、铁树籽等;根茎类的有葛根、百合、土茯苓、金刚刺、贯丛、魔芋、芒蕨、石蒜、狗脊、蕉芋、木署、山     

夏季适宜食物及饮食禁忌

<正>适宜食物1、主食及豆类的选择:绿豆、赤豆、小米等各种主食均可,适当食用粗粮和豆制品。2、肉蛋奶的选择:猪瘦肉、牛肉、鱼肉、鸡肉、鸭肉、动物肝脏等,奶及奶制品,咸鸭蛋、咸鸡蛋、松花蛋、蛋黄等蛋类。3、蔬菜的选择:苦瓜、丝瓜、南瓜、空心菜、马兰头、番茄、蒜苗、茄子、鲜藕、绿豆芽、黄瓜、冬瓜、菜瓜、香菇、紫菜、海带等。4、水果的选择:柑橘、葡萄、草莓、西瓜、梨、甜瓜、桃、杨梅、乌梅、李、红枣等。饮食禁忌1、夏天一定要少吃太热的食物,如羊肉、狗肉等。     

卫生部规范保健食品原料管理

保健食品,即适于特定人群食用,具有调节机体功能,不以治疗疾病为目的的食品。卫生部公布的《关于进一步规范保健食品的原料管理的通知》,第一次将要用于保健食品的物品名单和禁用物品名单公之于众。三种物品名单如下:即是食品又是药品的物品名单(按笔划顺序排列):丁香、八角茴香、刀豆、小茄香、小蓟、山药、山楂、马齿苋、乌梢蛇、乌梅、木瓜、火麻仁、代代花、玉竹、甘草、白芷、白果、白扁豆、白扁豆花、龙眼肉(桂圆)、决明子、百合、肉豆蔻、肉桂、余甘子、佛手、杏仁(甜、苦)、沙棘、牡蛎、芡实、花椒、赤小豆、阿胶、鸡内金、麦芽、昆…     

基于矿质元素分析的河北鸭梨产地溯源

目的 建立一种基于电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)的河北鸭梨产地溯源模型。方法 对鸭梨中40种矿质元素(Ag、As、Al、Au、Ba、Cr、Cd、Ce、Co、Cs、Dy、Er、Eu、Gd、Ge、Ho、Lu、Li、La、Mo、Ni、Nd、Pb、Pd、Pt、Pr、Rb、Sc、Sn、Sb、Sm、Sr、Tm、Tl、Tb、Ti、V、W、Yb、Y)进行分析。通过方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和判别分析等数据统计方法,确定不同产地鸭梨中元素的差异性,建立了依据Ba、Ge、Ni、Pb、Pd、Ti 6种元素的溯源模型。结果 通过建立的模型可以成功地对鸭梨产地进行判别,判别正确率达到97%。结论 本研究建立的基于矿质元素分析溯源模型能够对河北鸭梨进行快速、有效的产地溯源,为产品打假提供了强有力的技术支撑。     

长效缓释二氧化氯在食品保鲜防腐中的应用研究

持续0.5mg/L左右的二氧化氯对熟肉、熟虾、熟鱼、熟豆腐、米饭、馒头、面包、蛋糕、黄瓜、西红柿、桃等保鲜效果是理想的;对生肉、生虾、生鱼、生豆腐、盐水鸭保鲜效果比对照好;对白果、板栗、核桃、花生米、玉米、绿豆、葵花子、稻米、小麦粒等的防霉效果是很好的。     

炎夏吃“苦”有11大保健功效

近年来,苦味食物越来越受到人们的青睐,这是有科学根据的。苦味食物"家族"庞大,可供食用的苦味食品很多,如生菜、苦瓜、芹菜、苦笋、莴苣、芥蓝菜、油麦菜、芥兰、丝瓜、葫芦、瓠子、苜蓿、香椿、荆芥、芝麻叶、牛蒡根、蒲公英、慈菇等苦味菜,莲子、百合、薄荷、菊花、杏仁、李子、橘皮、槟榔、黑枣、米醋、绿茶、咖啡、可可、啤酒、苦丁茶、绞股蓝茶等果品和     

内蒙古产麻叶荨麻嫩叶与嫩茎的营养成分研究

分析测定了内蒙古产麻叶荨麻的主要可食部位的营养成分。结果表明，其嫩叶和嫩茎含有粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、VB1、VB2、VB6、胡萝卜素、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu以及棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和17种氨基酸。其中，粗蛋白质、胡萝卜素、必需微量元素、不饱和脂肪酸、必需氨基酸的含量较高。麻叶荨麻可食部位的营养成分及其含量具备了优质蔬菜的特性。     

歌星的饮食选择

唱歌需有好的声带。然而人的声带很娇嫩,受着多种因素的影响,其中饮食是重要因素之一。 (一) 那么,哪些食物不利于歌唱发声呢?首先是酒、葱、蒜、烟、炒花生、炒葵花子、臭豆腐、肥肉和过咸的食品;而辣椒、酱豆腐、大油、甜食、椿芽、韭菜、蒜苗、鱼、羊肉、虾、醋、芥茉对嗓子的影响也不可忽视。饮食影响嗓音的主要表现有:嗓子干、口渴、痰多、糊嗓、歌唱时嗓音发堵、发木、发紧、发闷,出现劈音、转音、失音、甚至嘶哑。     

Influence of pectin modification on water binding properties

Water can be bound to food components and products as non-freezing, freezing-bound and free water. The interactions are crucial for any application as well as for food consumption and digestion. DSC was applied to examine the amounts of the different types of water bound to pectin, a biomacromolecule that is used as gelling and stabilising agent in many food products. One commercial high-methoxylated citrus pectin and three modified samples, prepared by acidic and alkaline demethoxylation as well as amidation, were tested. The water content of dry samples depended mainly on the molecular parameters, especially the content of hydrophilic groups at the galacturonic acid that was increased by demethoxylation and amidation, as well as on monovalent cations of the pectins. The water–pectin interactions of wetted materials were additionally influenced strongly by the availability of hydrophilic groups that depended on material properties such as amorphous or crystalline state, powder bulk and solid density and porosity as well as particle size, surface and porosity. Small amorphous porous particles, whose polar groups were rapidly available without prior softening and swelling, accelerated water uptake. Non-freezing and freezing-bound water, bound closely to the pectin molecules, depended on the number and type of polar groups. Free water, bound in micro- and macro-capillaries as well as voids within and between the pectin particles, was influenced by hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic groups of the samples. There was a strong impact of the pre-treatment during processing and modification.     

干燥方法对金银花的质量影响研究

通过对金银花的不同干燥方法比较,干燥方法对金银花的质量有较大影响。在色泽方面,微波干燥和烘干的为绿色,晒干和真空干燥的为黄绿色,真空冷冻干燥的为褐色;在绿原酸的含量上,微波干燥的为5.93%,晒干的为5.17%,烘干的为5.53%,真空干燥的为3.95%,真空冷冻干燥的为3.35%;干燥后每g金银花的含菌量分别为:微波干燥的细菌总数2×103,晒干的为3.4×105,烘干的为1.4×105,真空干燥6×104,真空冷冻干燥为4×104。结果表明微波干燥最适合金银花的干燥。     

速溶枸杞粉的加工工艺研究

以枸杞浓缩浆为原料,异VC-Na、柠檬酸为护色剂,麦芽糊精和β-环状糊精为助干剂,CMC-Na为稳定剂,白砂糖为甜味剂,柠檬酸为酸味剂,蔗糖脂肪酸酯和单甘酯为乳化剂,使用喷雾干燥法生产速溶枸杞粉。采用正交试验确定最佳的枸杞粉加工工艺。     

活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺

对活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺的主要问题，如染料的选择、工艺控制、存在问题及解决方法等，并结合生产，对缩小大小样差异等问题进行了探讨。     

秋季草本养生饼的研制及其辅助降血脂作用的研究

基于中国传统医学"天人合一""四季养生"的理念,研究选用药食同源的原料,结合秋季燥邪当令的特点,以感官评分为指标,研制一款适合秋季调理的天然草本养生饼.采用单因素及正交试验确定并优化了秋季草本养生饼配方:馅以板栗仁质量为基准,加入山药9％,百合2％,藕粉4％,木糖醇20％,混合油(玉米油∶黄油为1∶1)10％;皮以白芸...     

白酒黄水中纤维素降解菌的分离鉴定及产酶活性研究

为拓展纤维素降解菌资源,以羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）为唯一碳源作初筛培养基,从浓香型白酒发酵副产物黄水中分离得到18株具有产纤维素酶能力的菌株进行纯培养。形态学、生理生化和系统发育鉴定结果显示,菌株XH01、XH04、XH05、XH18为Bacillus cereus,菌株XH34为Bacillus circulans,菌株SW01、SW05为Bacillus megaterium,菌株SW02为Bacillus endophyticus,菌株SW03、SW04为Bacillus simplex,菌株SW09、SW13为Bacillus bataviensis。菌株ZL08为Penicillium camemberti,菌株ZL13为Aspergillus fumigatus,菌株ZL04和ZL25为Penicillium chrysogenum,菌株ZL15和ZL17为Alternaria tenuissima。利用二硝基水杨酸法对菌株发酵液纤维素酶活进行研究,结果表明,菌株SW02的产酶活性较高,其羧甲基纤维素酶活为153.36 U/mL,β-葡萄糖苷酶活为126.00 U/mL,微晶纤维素酶活为17.64 U/mL,滤纸酶活为30.48 U/mL。     

Potential Benefits of Edible Berries in the Management of Aerodigestive and Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Epidemiological reports as well as experimental studies have demonstrated the significant health benefits provided by regular berry consumption. Berries possess both prophylactic and therapeutic potential against several chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and neoplastic diseases. Berries owe their health benefits to phytoconstituents, such as polyphenolic anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and a diverse array of phytochemicals bestowed with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as the ability to engage a multitude of signaling pathways. This review highlights the principal chemical constituents present in berries and their primary molecular targets. The article presents and critically analyzes the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of berry extracts, fractions, and bioactive components on various cancers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including esophageal, stomach, intestinal, and colorectal cancers as well as cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, such as oral cancer. The current status of clinical studies evaluating berry products in several aforementioned cancers is presented. Various emerging issues including dose-ranging and dosage forms, the role of synergy and the usage of combination therapy as well as other relevant areas essential for the development of berry phytoconstituents as mainstream chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against aerodigestive and GIT cancers are critically discussed.     

超支化聚合物在印染工业中的应用

超支化聚合物具有特殊的结构和性能.其包含大量的枝化结构,可提高溶解度;其大量的链端官能团.可提高反应性.因此,超支化聚合物在纺织印染行业中的研究和应用受到广泛关注,如超支化聚合物可作为双氧水漂白稳定剂,在涂料染色和印花中作为黏合剂,与聚丙烯共混纺丝改善其可染性,对棉、麻、真丝等天然纤维改性以实现无盐染色,对纤维表面进行功能性后整理,以及利用其絮凝和螯合作用而用于印染废水处理等.     

清香型白酒优质产酯酵母菌筛选

为了提高清香型白酒的品质,以清香型发酵酒醅为筛选源,高产酯酵母Picha anomala CICC 1790,采用变色圈平板初筛,发酵力复筛,并结合乙酸乙酯生成能力测定及风味代谢物质分析,筛选出两株适合清香型白酒酿造,高产乙酸乙酯和乙酸菌株Ac-47和Ac-19,经鉴定均为Picha anomala。     

Bacillus probiotics

Bacterial spore formers are being used as probiotic supplements for use in animal feeds, for human dietary supplements as well as in registered medicines. Their heat stability and ability to survive the gastric barrier makes them attractive as food additives and this use is now being taken forward. While often considered soil organisms this conception is misplaced and Bacilli should be considered as gut commensals. This review summarises the current use of Bacillus species as probiotics, their safety, mode of action as well as their commercial applications.