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紫外辐照聚丙烯在熔融挤出中降解过程的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了聚丙烯(PP)在辐照挤出改性中的降解情况。利用红外光谱对经过不同辐照温度挤出的PP试样进行了结构表征,并通过测定PP试样的熔体质量流动速率、力学性能、DSC和剪切流变行为,分别研究了二苯甲酮(BP)的质量分数、螺杆转速和喂料速度对PP降解的影响,结果表明:辐照温度为210℃更有利于降解反应;不同主机螺杆转速对降解后PP试样的力学性能、熔体质量流动速率、稠度和非牛顿指数的影响不大;喂料速度和BP的用量对降解后PP试样的各项性能影响较大,减慢喂料速度或提高BP的质量分数,有利于PP降解。 相似文献
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考察了工艺条件对抗冲共聚PP可控降解后刚性和韧性的影响.结果表明,在各种工艺参数中温度的影响最大,其次是喂料转速和主机转速,控制好挤出温度足关键;2 000 μg/g滑石粉和300 μg/g成核剂E复配大幅提高产品刚性;通过分析产品的微观形态提出控制好聚合工艺条件和减少在挤出机中的停留时间可提高产品韧性的观点. 相似文献
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利用可控流变技术,研究了聚丙烯在过氧化物的作用下在反应挤出机中进行可控降解生产洗衣机内桶专用料的方法,考察了不同种类过氧化物及其加入量对产品性能的影响。试验发现,在基础树脂中加入少量的2,5-二甲基-2,5-二叔丁基过氧化已烷类过氧化物后,能显著改善流动性且力学性能、黄色指数、异味等方面均符合要求; 相似文献
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利用无卤膨胀阻燃剂对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性,研究了不同挤出工艺参数(温度、螺杆转速、喂料量)及螺杆组合对无卤膨胀阻燃PP材料性能[熔体流动速率(MFR)、力学性能、阻燃性能、颜色等]的影响。结果表明,随着喂料量的增加,材料的MFR、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度总体呈下降趋势,适宜的喂料量为60 kg/h;随着螺杆转速的增加,材料的MFR逐渐提高,断裂伸长率、缺口冲击强度和极限氧指数呈现先增加后降低的趋势,材料颜色逐渐变黄;随着挤出温度升高,材料的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度呈现先升高后降低的趋势;使用弱剪切螺杆组合时阻燃剂分散性能较差,使用集中强剪切螺杆组合时容易导致材料降解,使用分散多段剪切的螺杆组合时,材料的断裂伸长率、缺口冲击强度提升显著,分别比弱剪切螺杆组合生产的材料提高了80%和40.5%。当喂料量为60 kg/h、螺杆转速为500 r/min、挤出温度为180~200℃并采用分散多段剪切的螺杆组合时,无卤膨胀阻燃PP材料的综合性能最优。 相似文献
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HDPE functionalization via high shear stress‐induced initiation and its effects on HDPE/GF composite
The functionalization reaction of high density polyethylene (HDPE) with maleic anhydride (MAH) or with MAH and γ‐methacryloxy‐propyltrimethoxysilane (MAS) performed in melt state through a high shear stress‐induced initiation by increasing the screw rotation speed of twin‐screw extruder and through a compounded initiation by adding some initiator and increasing the screw rotation speed was investigated in this article. The results show that by increasing the screw rotation speed during melt‐extruding process, the scission of HDPE chain bonds can be caused to form macroradicals, the functionalization reaction of HDPE with MAH or with MAH, and MAS can be realized. The percentage of grafting and the melt flow rate of the functionalized products depend on the screw rotation speed and reaction temperature. The crosslinking reaction during melt extrusion can be suppressed by increasing the screw rotation speed and the reaction of HDPE with MAH can also be promoted by adding a second grafting monomer MAS. The high shear stress‐induced reaction products have a higher reactivity with the coupling agents coated on the surface of glass fibers and can obviously increase the mechanical properties of HDPE/GF composite. The SEM experimental results indicate that an oriented crystal transition layer exists between the interface of glass fiber and the matrix, the interfacial bonding strength is the determining factor of the formation of the oriented crystal layer. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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采用动态硫化的方法,在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯(PP)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)热塑性弹性体,研究了挤出反应温度与螺杆转速提供的剪切应力对动态硫化PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体性能的影响。结果表明,适当提高挤出反应温度或螺杆转速可提高PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和凝胶含量,当挤出反应温度为200℃、螺杆转速为600 r/min时,热塑性弹性体的综合拉伸性能最好,拉伸强度为19.87 MPa,拉断伸长率为527.3%,凝胶含量为54.69%。高螺杆转速提供的高剪切应力可在一定程度上提高PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体的熔融温度。 相似文献
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The functionalization reactions of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber (EPDM) with maleic anhydride (MAH) in melt state through high‐shear‐stress‐induced initiation by an increase in the screw rotation speed of the twin‐screw extruder and through compounded initiation by the addition of some initiator and an increase in the screw rotation speed were investigated. The results show that, with increasing screw rotation speed and reaction temperature, the percentage grafting and melt flow rate of the functionalized products (EPDM‐g‐MAH) were noticeably increased, and the viscosity‐average molecular weight decreased, which implied that the grafting reaction consisted of the chain scission and grafting reaction of the produced macroradicals with MAH. In the presence of a certain peroxide initiator, the crosslinking reaction during melt extrusion was suppressed by an increase in the screw rotation speed. The percentage grafting of EPDM‐g‐MAH amounted to 1.1%, its melt flow rate was between 0.3 and 4.0 g/10 min, and its gel content was less than 1.0%, depending on the screw rotation speed and reaction temperature. Impact testing and scanning electron microscopy showed that the functionalized product prepared through the high shear stress‐induced initiation had a higher blocking activity with the amide terminated of PA66 than that prepared through the peroxide initiation or through the compound initiation, and the impact strength of the PA66/EPDM blends, improved by the high‐shear‐stress‐induced product was noticeably higher than those of the peroxide‐initiated product or the compound‐initiated one. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
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采用挤出化学发泡法进行聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇(酯PET)的发泡成型,得到了表观密度较低、泡孔细密均匀的PET发泡材料。研究了单螺杆挤出机的机筒温度、机头温度和螺杆转速等工艺参数对PET发泡效果的影响。结果表明:实验范围内,PET挤出发泡成型的最佳工艺参数为机筒温度265℃,机头温度220℃,螺杆转速30 r/min。 相似文献
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通过反应交联挤出对普通聚丙烯(PP)进行改性,对交联PP的结晶性能、流变性能和力学性能进行了测试分析。由偏光显微镜观察结晶情况,发现交联破坏了PP良好的结晶性;由流变曲线看出,交联降低了PP熔融黏度对温度的敏感性;交联后PP的拉伸强度增加了3.3%,断裂伸长率降低了45.9%,屈服负荷增加了6.3%。当过氧化二异丙苯和二乙烯基苯分别为0.05份和4.0份(质量份数,下同)、螺杆转速为150r/min时,凝胶率最大。将交联PP进行挤出发泡实验,由发泡制品的表观质量和显微镜下的泡孔结构可看出发泡效果优于普通PP。 相似文献
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研究了不同螺杆组合及加料方式对聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)合金挤出工艺和材料力学性能的影响,并设计了一种适合于PC/ABS合金加工的螺杆组合方式.结果表明:适当的螺杆组合和加料方式可改善PC/ABS的挤出工艺,提高材料的力学性能;PC/ABS合金的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别由原来的56.43... 相似文献
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《塑料、橡胶和复合材料》2013,42(1):34-38
AbstractReactive extrusion is an attractive means of polymer processing since the shaping and reaction takes place in a single operation. Silane grafting of low density polyethylene has been achieved in a single screw extruder. The optimum conditions for silane grafting, i.e. temperature, shear rate, and silane and dicumyl peroxide concentrations, were determined on a torque rheometer and extrusion was then performed under optimum conditions. The study shows that an optimum low level of grafting/crosslinking can be introduced into polyethylene during extrusion for better mechanical behaviour and/or thermal stability without aecting the processability. 相似文献
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分别加入羧基加成型的双噁唑啉(BOZ)和羟基加成型的均苯四甲酸酐(PMDA)为扩链剂,考察了反应挤出前后PET特性黏度([η])和羧基值的变化情况。实验结果表明:BOZ的扩链效果不明显;PMDA能较大程度地提高PET的[η],但产品羧基值较高;BOZ和PMDA联用可得到高[η]低羧基值的产品,扩链效果最佳。当挤出机工艺条件为:反应段温度260℃、螺杆转速45 r/min、反应段压力1 kPa、BOZ和PMDA质量分数均为0.2%时,可得到[η]为0.90 dL/g,羧基值为25 mol/t的PET产品。 相似文献