共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
食品掺假欺诈行为长久以来一直是普遍问题,开发食品的真伪鉴定技术也是食品安全领域的重点之一。其中DNA指纹技术在食品真伪鉴定中有广泛的应用。本文就当前常用的DNA指纹分析手段在食品真伪、掺假鉴定中的应用进行综述,并阐述了技术不足及应用展望。 相似文献
3.
DNA片断的多态性分析判定酒花品种指纹,以5个随机引物成功鉴定了11个常用酒花品种,包括4个香花,5个苦花,青岛大花和Cluster。非加权配对算数平均法(UPGMA:Unweighted Pair Method for arithmetic average)的分析结果与传统分类十分一致。其中,Kirin一段多态的随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)片段被转化成序列标记位点(STS)。STS扩增可以检测到青岛大花中5%的麒麟丰禄混合率。我们成功开发了RAPD和STS技术作为鉴定青岛大花品种的有效工具,可用于品种鉴定、保护和纯度控制,也可指导酒花育种工作。我们成功利用该技术对公司采购的酒花颗粒制品进行了品种和纯度的鉴定。 相似文献
4.
麦芽作为啤酒的主要原料,麦芽品种折鉴定对啤酒酿造至关重要。微卫星DNA(SSR)作为第二代分子标记技术,在植物物种多样性和品种鉴定上应用广泛,因此本研究利用SSR分子标记进行麦芽品种DNA指纹图谱构建。结果表明,从105对SSR引物中筛选到6对多态性丰富的SSR引物,每对引物的等位基因3~10个不等,平均每个引物产生5.83个等位基因。对实验样品的等位基因进一步分析发现,仅需4对核心引物就可以实现21个麦芽品种的区分。利用该技术,我们建立了相应麦芽品种DNA指纹图谱,为啤酒企业的麦芽采购提供技术支持。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
不同酒花品种的还原力 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
脂类物质在麦汁煮沸过程中发生的自氧化反应对于啤酒老化风味的出现具有决定作用,对煮沸锅中添加的酒花还原力进行了考察。一种基于引发剂AAPH存在的情况下,对亚油酸氧化作用抑制的分析使我们能够辨别酒花的种类及老化情况。低α-酸酒花相对于苦味型酒花和酒花CO2浸膏而言,其抗氧化活性较高,这是因为它们所含的酒花类黄酮含量差别较大。当减少α-酸的还原力时,抑制时间和酒花颗粒中类黄酮的含量具有很好的相关性。对酒花多酚含量的分析发现类黄酮占酚类化合物的80%以上。正如所期望的一样,在煮沸锅中添加酒花颗粒能够有效提高麦汁的还原性。由于超临界酒花CO2浸膏所含的多酚非常低,所以对麦汁的还原力没有什么影响。由于酒花显示出产好的还原力,所以加酒花的煮沸麦汁中所含啤酒老化标志物反-2-壬烯醛的浓度低。 相似文献
8.
《食品与发酵工业》2019,(20):29-34
该研究利用SSR(simple sequence repeats,简单重复序列)荧光标记技术构建酒花品种指纹数据库,目的是建立一种快速、准确的酒花品种真实性鉴定技术。TP-M13-SSR是将M13尾巴序列作为通用接头引入SSR正向引物中,仅对M13通用引物进行荧光标记,结合毛细管电泳对不同引物的扩增产物进行检测。该研究从103对候选引物中筛选到多态性丰富、引物组合区分能力最佳的4对引物,在18个酒花品种中共扩增出28个等位基因,每对引物的等位基因数量3~11个不等,平均每对引物产生7. 0个等位基因。通过4对引物可实现18个国内外酒花品种的真实性鉴定,方法快速、准确,可为酒花种植、加工、采购及新品种产权保护方面提供品种真实性鉴定的技术支持。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
超临界萃取啤酒花浸膏及其萃余物中多酚化合物提取的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
CO2啤酒花浸膏因质量稳定,易于储存和利用率高等特点在啤酒酿造中的使用量正在逐年增加。文章考察了超临界CO2萃取啤酒花浸膏的工艺对产品中啤酒花多酚含量的影响,并以超临界CO2萃取啤酒花的萃余物质为原料,研究了从中提取啤酒花多酚的可能性。结果表明,当萃取温度为40℃,萃取压力大于25MPa时,浸膏中的多酚含量明显提高,更高的提取温度得到的产品中多酚的含量没有明显的提高。采用溶剂法从萃余物质中提取啤酒花多酚的实验表明,50%(W/W)的丙酮-水的混合溶剂体系对啤酒花多酚的提取效果最好,总收率可达到83.70%(W/W),从超临界萃取啤酒花的萃余物质中提取啤酒花多酚可提高啤酒花综合利用的价值。 相似文献
15.
DNA指纹技术是分子生物学中的新技术之一.它从分子水平区别不同种类生物以及同种生物个体的差异.本文简要阐述DNA指纹技术的研究进展及其在啤酒工业中的应用. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
R. S. T. Linforth K. Westwood A. Somani N. Doherty D. J. Cook 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2015,121(4):490-495
Fining agents are used in the clarification of beers; they help to reduce the time required to sediment suspended yeast cells and ensure the clarity and colloidal stability of beer. Following an adventitious observation during dry‐hopping experiments, we identified a fining activity associated with Saaz hops. Extracts of hop cones were subsequently shown to have the capacity to flocculate yeast and result in their sedimentation. This activity has since been identified in extracts of many different hop varieties and, significantly in spent hops, the co‐product resulting from commercial extraction of hops with either CO2 or ethanol. Here we illustrate the activity of the novel finings extracted from spent hops following CO2 extraction of Galena hops. The sediments formed on fining were compact, relative to those obtained when commercial isinglass was used to fine the same beers. The hop extracts were also effective in reducing 90° haze in beers under conditions designed to mimic both cask ale (12 °C) and lager (4 °C) type applications. The compounds responsible for the fining activity appear to be large (30–100 kDa, or more) polyphenols. Analysis of the polyphenols using colourimetric tests indicated the presence of proanthocyanidins. On acidic hydrolysis these generated cyanidin, which would be derived from a polymer composed of catechin and epicatechin subunits. The presence of these materials in spent hops offers the possibility to develop commercial products, with desirable fining properties, from an existing co‐product stream. Furthermore, the finings are derived from a traditional ingredient of the brewing process. Copyright © 2015 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献
19.
Michael Peter Müller Frederik Schmid Thomas Becker Martina Gastl 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2010,116(4):459-463
When weather conditions favour the growth of moulds on barley, beers brewed from the resulting malts often tend to gush. Certain Fusarium species (e.g., F. graminearum and F. culmorum) may cause this problem. Supersaturated with CO2, a primary gushing beer contains an overcritical concentration of microbubbles; these are reputed to be stabilised by Fusarium‐derived hydrophobins. Research with varying brewhouse parameters has been performed to investigate the factors of primary gushing. As hops are known to contribute to a wide range of both gushing positive and negative substances in beer, the hopping regime has emerged as an important aspect. This paper examines the impact of different hop varieties on gushing. Hop oils and unsaturated fatty acids are reputed to be gushing‐suppressors. Compounds such as dehydrated humulinic acid can intensify the effect. Hop pellets, with a prevalent range of conductometric values (5–10% α‐acid), commonly employed in breweries to adjust bitterness and aroma were selected. By working with the same “gushing malt”, the spectrum of compounds in the finished beer only differed through the hop product used. The overfoaming volumes of different samples were determined according to MEBAK guidelines. Respective hop oil and fatty acid concentrations (by GC) and iso‐α‐acid contents (by HPLC) were compared and a chronological sequence of the changing percentages of beer loss is shown. 相似文献
20.
银耳子实体中因含有大量的多糖和蛋白质,严重干扰其基因组DNA的提取。本实验建立一种银耳干品(子实体)中DNA的提取方法,利用此法可直接以银耳干品为材料提取DNA,不需芽孢分离和菌丝培养步骤,而且DNA产量高、质量好,可用于随机扩增多态性(random amplified polymorphic,RAPD)DNA分析。RAPD分析的结果显示,本实验所选取的银耳样品间存在DNA多态性。研究结果将有助于当前食品分析检测中直接以银耳干品为材料进行DNA提取及品种鉴别等分析工作。 相似文献