物联网在压空系统节能减排中的应用

在化纤生产中,压缩空气已成为仅次于电力的第2大动力能源.生产压缩空气所消耗的电能约占化纤企业电力消耗的40％.压缩空气的损失主要由压缩空气系统排水问题造成.为了减少压缩空气的浪费,选择并安装了远程监控节能型排水器.基于物联网架构体系和物联网无线传输技术构建空压设备排水监控系统,有效地减少压缩空气的浪费,并能及时反映设备故障,减少故障停机造成的事故损失,从而达到预期效果.     

变频调速在空气压缩机中的应用

介绍变频器在压缩空气系统中的应用。通过变频器 PID闭环控制系统 ,使压缩空气恒压 ,减少开停机操作次数 ,减少设备损耗及节约电耗。     

轮胎企业压缩空气成本的分析和控制

从固定成本和可变成本两部分分析了影响压缩空气成本的因素,认为可以从提高空压机系统的利用率和效率、减少压缩空气的泄漏和能耗、提高压缩空气质量、应用气动节能技术和产品等四方面对压缩空气成本进行控制,进而降低轮胎生产的能耗成本。     

酸浴过滤反洗系统技术改进

酸浴过滤反洗系统在酸站车间使用罗茨鼓风机代替空压站空压机生产压缩空气，能够大幅度减少电耗，并且有利于减少压缩空气中带入的金属氧化物和油污等杂质，进而改善反洗质量。     

化纤FDY车间压缩空气节能措施分析

压缩空气作为化纤FDY车间生产过程中的第二大能源动力,是一种极为重要的能源,因而压缩空气系统的节能降耗成了化纤企业普遍关心的问题。随着生产设备的老化以及原压缩空气系统存在的设计缺陷等原因,造成压缩空气的异常损耗,生产成本增加。本着节能降耗的目的,在现有设备上,通过积极探索,合理选择压缩空气压力、流量、过滤精度以及消除部分管道设计缺陷,加强日常生产运行管理,减少泄漏点,做到资源利用最大化。通过以上措施有效降低了压缩空气的异常损耗。     

锅炉采用空气雾化技术

用压缩空气替代饱和蒸汽、把压缩空气作为重油雾化燃烧介质,解决锅炉尾部受热面低温段腐蚀,同时减少重油使用量,提高燃油锅炉的燃烧效率。     

浅谈涂装车间用压缩空气吹扫技术

通过对涂装车间用压缩空气吹扫过程进行分析,明确管路区域划分、等级划分,吹扫原则及管路命名原则,总结吹扫过程中的要点及注意事项,以提高涂装车间压缩空气洁净度,减少因压缩空气洁净度问题引起的颗粒、缩孔等弊病,满足产品的质量需求。     

5000 t/d窑尾除尘器滤袋的选择与清灰周期的调整

选用玻纤覆膜滤袋作为窑尾除尘器滤袋,压差低,使用可靠性高,粉尘排放低。在运行中发现清灰压缩空气消耗较大。对整个清灰的程序作调整,将脉冲阀的间隔时间调长,整个清灰周期因此延长,同时将总的清灰压力下降。调整后,清灰所需要的压缩空气大幅减少,清灰压力变得平稳,基本没有明显的波动,也节约了压缩空气费用。     

汽车涂装生产线压缩空气系统的使用

根据汽车涂装压缩空气系统的使用经验,对压缩空气在汽车涂装中的作用及使用点、压缩空气系统的构成、压缩空气的质量分级、压缩空气的用量、压缩空气系统的使用注意点等方面的内容进行了阐述,希望能对涂装工程师们起到参考借鉴的作用。     

水泥生产线压缩空气站的设计分析

1水泥生产线压缩空气站的设计原则 压缩空气系统是由压缩空气站、室外压缩空气管道、车间入口装置及内部压缩空气管道四部分组成的。在设计开始时，首先要确定压缩空气系统的形式，可根据以下原则进行选择：     

降低化纤企业单位GDP电耗的探讨

降低企业单位GDP电耗,是化纤企业降低成本、提高竞争力的重要手段。通过从整个系统设备的布局、配电设计、用电负荷计算、空调余热余冷的利用、公用工程设备的配置以及控制方式、系统的保温等6个方面分析论证,认为应在项目设计时就把降耗的理念融入进去,提高变压器、水泵、风机、空压机、冷冻机的使用效率,可以减少设备运行的能耗以及投资,实现经济运行。     

列管式换热器的设计计算

本文以电厂生产流程中使用的空气压缩机后冷却器的工艺参数为依据,选定了冷却器的类型,计算了冷却器结构尺寸。此冷却器的主要结构尺寸为换热器面积为50．44m^2,壳体内径为900mm,传热管长为2m,传热管根数为356根。     

THE EFFECTS OF WATER SPRAY COOLING ON COOLER PERFORMANCE

In recent years, summers in the Northeast, as well as in many other regions of the United States, have reached record high temperatures. These unusually high ambient temperatures have led to the overloading of power transformer coolers, resulting in the inability of the coolers to maintain the top oil temperature of the transformer at an acceptable level. A field-tested solution to this problem is the application of water spray onto the tube bundles of the cooler to enhance the heat transfer. Currently, the standard way of applying water to an overheated transformer cooler is to hose it down. This method has always been implemented without consideration of the spray pattern or quantity or water used, usually resulting in a wastefully high rate of water consumption. An experiment has been setup to determine the performance of a transformer cooler subjected to water spray. This work consisted of the design and implementation of a water spray system to an existing fullscale cooling loop representative of those found on actual transformers. Predictions were also made for the top oil temperature subjected to dry-air cooling and compared with experimental data. The reliability of this model shows that it can be extended for water spray applications. Heat transfer data were obtained for a range of air velocities and water flow rates on this loop. The experimental results show a significant decrease in the top oil temperature of the cooler when water spray is applied to the cooler tubes. However, the enhancement was not as significant for water flow rates above 4 GPM. Distribution of the water spray through the tube bundle were qualitatively made by visual observation.     

涉外石油工程项目消防水喷淋设计安装要点

结合工程实例,介绍了涉外石油工程项目在消防水喷淋系统选择、设计参数确定等方面与国内项目的区别;对石油工程生产中的压力储罐、常压储罐、输油泵、变压器、空冷器、压缩机等常规设备消防水喷淋系统的设计及安装要点进行阐述,并提出了设计过程中的注意事项和建议。     

大型注射成型塑料件的温度控制方案

提出把模具看作是热交换器的思想，认为要控制模温稳定，就是要使输入模具的热量与冷却而输出的热量相等。通过控制冷却水的流量和冷却水进出口温差的乘积，并根据环境温度，对上述乘积作适当调整，补偿一部分由空气所带走的热量，向模具输入的热量与模具输出的热量达到动态平衡，从而使生产过程能稳定进行。     

Heat Recovery of a Diammonium Phosphates Drying Unit

Solid product drying is a widely used unit operation in the chemical industry. It is highly energy intensive, requiring hot, dry air streams at high temperatures to dry a wide range of products. Exhaust air from a dryer is usually vented to the atmosphere with little or no heat recovery. In the present work, a study was performed to analyze the performance of an absorption heat transformer (AHT) applied to the evaluation of thermal rejections of drying unit of diammonium phosphates (DAP). First, a basic AHT system is described and the operating sequence is explained. Next, an application of the AHT system to an industrial company is analyzed. A numerical simulation of the system using Aspen Plus software was performed to determine the effect of different parameters on the AHT system performance and the results are presented in graphical form.     

Catalytic adsorptive desulfurization of mercaptan,sulfide and disulfide using bifunctional Ti-based adsorbent for ultra-clean oil

Ultra-deep desulfurization of transformer oil is of great demand among power industry. In this work, the effective and deep removal of various types of organosulfurs, including mercaptan, sulfide and disulfide via catalytic adsorptive desulfurization (CADS) using bifunctional Ti-based adsorbent is reported. Compared to adsorptive desulfurization (ADS), dramatically improvement of the organosulfur uptakes were achieved under CADS process. The equilibrium adsorption capacity at 5 μg·g^-1 S reached up to 15.7, 33.4, 11.6 and 11.9 mg·g^-1 for propyl mercaptan(n-PM), dimethyl sulfide(DMS), di-t-butyl disulfide (DTBDS) and dibenzyl disulfide (DBDS), which was 262, 477, 97 and 128 times to that of ADS process, respectively, and was the highest among the reported desulfurization adsorbents. Moreover, it achieved superior breakthrough capacity of 2050, 530 and 210 ml F·(g A)^-1 at the breakthrough S concentration of 1 μg·g^-1 of the commercial transformer oil S containing 10, 50 and 150 μg·g^-1, respectively. The effectiveness of CADS is associated to the transformation of sulfur species to higher polar sulfonic species with the assistance of mild oxidant, which can be readily captured by silanol groups on SiO₂ through H-bonding interaction. The excellent recyclability of the adsorbent can be realized through solvent washing or oxidative air treatment. This work provides an effective and economic approach for the elimination of trace amount of mercaptan, sulfide and disulfide from transformer oil.     

Modeling Power Transformer Field Drying Processes

Power transformer field drying is becoming a habitual practice because water is damaging for transformer insulation, and its presence increases the probability of unexpected failures. Different drying methods are currently being used by electrical companies but sometimes without a profound knowledge of the drying processes involved, and consequently drying is not as effective as would be desirable.

Physical models have been developed by the authors in order to study power transformer drying processes. The use of the models will help to plan more effective drying processes, tailoring the drying times and drying conditions for each particular case. The models have been tested in a test transformer fitted with sensors. In order to monitor the process, insulation samples were extracted from the transformer before and after the process.

In this article, several transformer drying procedures are described. Theoretical models and their experimental validation processes are reported. Finally, some general recommendations about transformer drying in the field are provided.     

配电变压器的节能措施

介绍了通过提高变压器效率、合理选择变压器的容量、合理分配负荷、加强运行管理、进行节能改造以及采用低损耗的节能变压器等措施,实现了电力系统的节能,提高了系统的可靠性.     

压电变压器用锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷材料的研究

综述了压电变压器的原理、其材料的研究进展,分析了其在现阶段存在的问题,并展望了其发展方向.