一种基于覆盖关系的变精度概率测度粗糙集模型

概率粗糙集理论是基于论域的等价关系而建立的,而在实际应用中等价关系很难构造,因此概率粗糙集扩展模型便成为研究的一个重要方面。本文将模型建立在论域的覆盖关系下,限定α于12<α≤1,提出了一种基于覆盖的变精度概率粗糙集模型。     

两个域上的覆盖粗糙集模型

两个域上的覆盖粗糙集模型推广了一般关系下的粗糙集模型,定义了两个域上的覆盖二元关系,给出了最小子覆盖新的描述,进而得到两个域上基于最小子覆盖的粗糙集近似算子;给出了若干性质和定理的证明;通过与两个域上的粗糙集模型进行实例对比得出了两个域上的覆盖粗糙集模型的优点。     

串行概率粗糙集近似

经典的概率粗糙集模型是基于等价关系和条件概率提出的。但在实际应用中,知识库存在多种不确定性因素,使得对象间的关系未必满足等价关系。因此在保证条件概率有意义的情况下,将等价关系推广到串行二元关系,讨论了串行关系下的概率粗糙集近似;研究了当目标概念发生变化时,串行概率粗糙下、上近似的性质;进一步,通过调整两个阈值,给出了对应的串行概率粗糙下、上近似的变化趋势。     

变精度覆盖粗糙集

介绍了Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型和覆盖粗糙集模型;定义了多数包含关系;借助引入的误差参数β（0≤β<0.5）,给出了基于对象邻域的变精度覆盖粗糙集模型中β上近似、β下近似、β边界和β负域的定义以及β近似质量和β粗糙性测度定义;详细讨论了β上、下近似算子的性质、集合的相对可辨别性、该模型与Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型和覆盖粗糙集模型的关系;最后探讨了变精度覆盖粗糙集模型中的约简问题并在所给模型的基础上举例说明了它们在信息处理中的应用。     

双向迁移概率PS-粗糙集模型及应用

在粗糙集基础上,既考虑集合[X]的动态特性,又考虑知识库中的统计信息,构建了概率近似空间上的双向迁移PS-粗糙集模型,讨论了PS-粗糙集的性质及相关定理,证明了PS-粗糙集是S-粗糙集和Z.Pawlak粗糙集的进一步扩展,S-粗糙集和Z.Pawlak粗糙集是PS-粗糙集的特例。与S-粗糙集相比,PS-粗糙集的动态集合[X*]的近似精度得到相对提高,从而提高了决策精度。通过实例验证了PS-粗糙集的有效性。     

变精度覆盖粗糙集模型的比较

介绍覆盖粗糙集和Ziarko变精度粗糙集模型,将Ziarko变精度粗糙近似算子应用于覆盖近似空间,借助引入的误差参数β (0 ≤β<0.5),给出2种变精度覆盖粗糙集模型的β上近似、β下近似、β边界和β负域的定义。讨论2种模型中β上、下近似算子的基本性质、2种模型之间的关系以及变精度覆盖粗糙集模型与其他粗糙集模型的关系。     

邻域系统粗糙集和覆盖粗糙集

邻域系统粗糙集和覆盖粗糙集是经典粗糙集的两种重要扩展。通过分别比较各模型中下(上)近似集之间的包含关系和近似精度之间的大小关系,深入探讨邻域系统粗糙集和6种覆盖粗糙集模型之间的关系,得出了邻域系统粗糙集和6种覆盖粗糙集模型的下(或上)近似集之间的关系是明确的,其要么是可以比较的,要么是不可以比较的,证明了可比较的具有包含甚至等价关系,不可比较的通过反例进行了佐证。对不同扩展粗糙集的对比研究加深了对这些模型的理解,同时也为宏观上学习和认识粗糙集提供了帮助。     

多覆盖近似空间中的粗糙集模型

在多覆盖近似空间中研究多覆盖粗糙集模型的构造方法,根据两种不同策略,提出了多种乐观多覆盖粗糙集模型和悲观多覆盖粗糙集模型。分别从乐观多覆盖粗糙集模型间的关系、悲观多覆盖粗糙集模型间的关系、乐观多覆盖粗糙集模型和悲观多覆盖粗糙集模型间的关系这3个方面,对多覆盖粗糙集模型间的关系进行了深入研究,得到了各模型多覆盖近似集间的包含关系或等价关系。该研究为直接处理多覆盖近似空间提供了理论模型。     

覆盖广义粗糙集模型研究

覆盖广义粗糙集理论是由Pawlak经典粗糙集理论在划分的基础上推广到覆盖建立起来的,它更能合理地描述信息的不确定性、不准确性和不完整性。本文给出覆盖广义粗糙集理论的6种基本模型,讨论每种模型的覆盖上近似运算并给出相关性质,最终给出模型之间的相互关系,从而补充和完善了覆盖广义粗糙集理论的公理化体系。     

覆盖粗糙集的依赖上近似

覆盖粗糙集是经典粗糙集的推广,从不同的角度研究覆盖粗糙上近似,就有不同的上近似定义方法。本文将同一覆盖元中的元素理解为相关,从元素相关性角度研究覆盖粗糙集上近似,从点与集合的依赖关系入手,提出覆盖粗糙集阶的概念及覆盖粗糙集依赖上近似的概念,并对覆盖粗糙集的依赖上近似进行分析。从覆盖意义上说,相对于其它上近似,依赖上近似具有覆盖元数量较少的特点,而且具有上近似可定义的特点。     

复合覆盖粗糙集模型及其应用

针对覆盖粗糙集仅适用于单一数据类型的论域覆盖的问题,提出复合覆盖粗糙集模型。在研究邻域覆盖粗糙集、集值覆盖粗糙集、区间值覆盖粗糙集的基础上,在复合数据模型下,通过建立多种覆盖关系（邻域覆盖、集值覆盖、区间值覆盖等）,提出复合覆盖粗糙集模型,并给出复合覆盖粗糙集相关概念及性质。该模型适用于多种数据类型（符号数据、区间数据、集合数据、数值数据等）的论域覆盖问题,通过实例说明了该模型在复合信息系统中的应用,进一步加深对复合覆盖粗糙集相关概念的理解。     

基于覆盖的区间直觉模糊粗糙集

在经典的覆盖近似空间中,定义了区间直觉模糊概念的粗糙近似。通过区间直觉模糊覆盖概念,给出了一种基于区间直觉模糊覆盖的区间直觉模糊粗糙集模型。讨论了两种模型的一些相关性质。     

最小描述的多粒度覆盖粗糙集模型

在覆盖广义粗糙集理论中,对最小描述的定义是建立在单一粒度基础上。将最小描述从单一粒度推广到多个粒度,建立了多粒度覆盖粗糙集模型。在此基础上,用最小描述建立了两类不同的上下近似算子,研究其性质,给出了一种基于最小描述下求属性约简的新算法。     

A new approach to attribute reduction of consistent and inconsistent covering decision systems with covering rough sets

Traditional rough set theory is mainly used to extract rules from and reduce attributes in databases in which attributes are characterized by partitions, while the covering rough set theory, a generalization of traditional rough set theory, does the same yet characterizes attributes by covers. In this paper, we propose a way to reduce the attributes of covering decision systems, which are databases characterized by covers. First, we define consistent and inconsistent covering decision systems and their attribute reductions. Then, we state the sufficient and the necessary conditions for reduction. Finally, we use a discernibility matrix to design algorithms that compute all the reducts of consistent and inconsistent covering decision systems. Numerical tests on four public data sets show that the proposed attribute reductions of covering decision systems accomplish better classification performance than those of traditional rough sets.     

Soft sets and soft rough sets

In this study, we establish an interesting connection between two mathematical approaches to vagueness: rough sets and soft sets. Soft set theory is utilized, for the first time, to generalize Pawlak’s rough set model. Based on the novel granulation structures called soft approximation spaces, soft rough approximations and soft rough sets are introduced. Basic properties of soft rough approximations are presented and supported by some illustrative examples. We also define new types of soft sets such as full soft sets, intersection complete soft sets and partition soft sets. The notion of soft rough equal relations is proposed and related properties are examined. We also show that Pawlak’s rough set model can be viewed as a special case of the soft rough sets, and these two notions will coincide provided that the underlying soft set in the soft approximation space is a partition soft set. Moreover, an example containing a comparative analysis between rough sets and soft rough sets is given.     

Approximations and reducts with covering generalized rough sets

The covering generalized rough sets are an improvement of traditional rough set model to deal with more complex practical problems which the traditional one cannot handle. It is well known that any generalization of traditional rough set theory should first have practical applied background and two important theoretical issues must be addressed. The first one is to present reasonable definitions of set approximations, and the second one is to develop reasonable algorithms for attributes reduct. The existing covering generalized rough sets, however, mainly pay attention to constructing approximation operators. The ideas of constructing lower approximations are similar but the ideas of constructing upper approximations are different and they all seem to be unreasonable. Furthermore, less effort has been put on the discussion of the applied background and the attributes reduct of covering generalized rough sets. In this paper we concentrate our discussion on the above two issues. We first discuss the applied background of covering generalized rough sets by proposing three kinds of datasets which the traditional rough sets cannot handle and improve the definition of upper approximation for covering generalized rough sets to make it more reasonable than the existing ones. Then we study the attributes reduct with covering generalized rough sets and present an algorithm by using discernibility matrix to compute all the attributes reducts with covering generalized rough sets. With these discussions we can set up a basic foundation of the covering generalized rough set theory and broaden its applications.     

覆盖粗糙直觉Fuzzy集模型的一点注记

通过对一类覆盖粗糙直觉模糊集模型中粗糙度定义的分析,对其所存在疏漏进行了改进;再将粗糙熵的概念引入到该模型,研究直觉模糊集的不确定度量;通过例子说明该度量的有效性。     

区间直觉模糊粗糙集

将模糊粗糙集推广到区间直觉模糊粗糙集,基于区间直觉模糊等价关系和两个论域之间的一般区间直觉模糊关系,给出了区间直觉模糊粗糙集模型的不同形式,并讨论了一些相关性质。