空间外差光谱技术仿真研究

针对空间外差光谱技术(SHS)仿真研究,本文介绍了不同特征光谱光源的仿真计算.根据空间外差光谱仪的基本原理和系统结构特点,以及SHS系统参数与光谱干涉的调制关系,分别对单色光谱、连续光谱进行了理论仿真探讨,并且分析了不同带宽和采样间隔对仿真结果的影响.此外,采用空间外差光谱仪实验台装置获取实测数据,并与仿真结果进行对比分析.实验结果表明理论仿真数据和实测数据能够很好的吻合,能够为实际工作提供有益的参考,同时为SHS系统的设计和改造提供必要的依据.     

干涉成象光谱技术

介绍典型的干涉成象光谱仪，包括基于Ｍｉｃｈｅｌｓｏｎ干涉仪的动镜扫描型，基于横切分束器的无动镜型和基于Ｆａｂｒｙ－Ｐｅｒｏｔ干涉仪的多光束干涉型等，给出基基本公式并分析其主要特点。     

傅里叶变换红外光谱衰减全反射谱研究聚氨酯和聚脲

用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)衰减全反射谱(ATR)研究了溶液聚合的四种模型嵌段聚氨酯(聚氨酯-氨酯、聚脲-氨酯、聚氨酯-脲和聚脲-脲)。用ATR谱说明了在硬段微区和硬段微区软段微区的相界面区,不同键对这些聚合物热性质和力学性质的影响,并详细讨论了ATR谱的羟基C=O、醚氧键C—O—C、酰胺Ⅱ谱带及氢键的情况。     

新型超光谱大气CO2遥感探测技术

论述了空间外差光谱技术在大气CO2超光谱遥感探测中的应用。分析了高精度大气CO2遥感探测所需的光谱波段、光谱分辨率以及信噪比等重要指标,以此为设计依据,开展了大气CO2空间外差光谱仪核心元器件指标的计算。利用 Y-12飞机进行航空验证实验,分别采集了农田、工业区、沙滩区域的 CO2吸收光谱数据,并开展了数据处理,获取了机载平台下的CO2精细吸收谱线。初步的反演结果表明空间外差光谱技术能够满足大气CO2等温室气体的遥感探测灵敏度要求。     

基于傅里叶变换中红外光谱技术豆奶成分含量的快速预测

基于傅里叶变换中红外光谱技术(FTIR),结合改进型偏最小二乘回归法(MPLS),建立豆奶中的快速预测方法。结果表明选取有效波段,不使用散射校正,使用导数和平滑校正光谱基线漂移后定标效果最好,各指标的预测值与实测值相关性良好,脂肪(Fat)、蛋白质(Protein)、蔗糖(Sucrose)和总糖(Total Sugar)预测标准偏差(SEP)分别为0.061、0.039、0.039、0.047;预测相关系数(RSQ)分别为:0.98、0.99、0.99、0.99。该方法可应用于豆奶中脂肪(Fat)、蛋白(Protein)、蔗糖(Sucrose)和总糖(Total Sugar)含量的快速分析检测。     

高光谱成像与应用技术发展

介绍了高光谱成像的需求与应用、光谱成像技术的现状与发展。高光谱成像已在产品分选、精准农业、环境监测、文物保护、刑事侦查、伪装识别等行业得到应用。传统的棱镜光栅色散型、连续可调谐滤光型、傅里叶变换干涉型等光谱成像分光方式成本高、体积大、速度慢,目前其光谱成像仪仍作为主要的研究设备。为促进产业化应用,需要发展体积小、成本低、速度快的光谱成像技术。计算层析、压缩编码、胶体量子点CQDs光谱成像技术仍需理论突破,短时间难以实用。积分视场、离散采样光谱成像技术原理简单、技术成熟,可用于空间分辨率要求不高的场合。复眼滤光式、像素滤光式光谱成像技术通过单片集成像素级滤光片,既能在权衡光谱分辨率与空间分辨率的基础上实现实时性,又能极大地减小体积、降低成本。     

傅里叶变换红外光谱仪光谱响应非线性试验研究

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测量不同温度黑体的光谱辐射,采用最小二乘法进行数据拟合,获得了光谱仪光谱响应的线性特性。为了更好地描述仪器的线性特性,引入光谱线性度的概念,通过实验得到DTGS及MCT探测器对应的仪器的光谱线性度曲线图,直观反映出仪器光谱线性特性及影响因素,据此方法可以确定线性度满足使用要求的探测器、测量光谱范围、测量目标的能量范围,反映影响仪器线性度的内外因素,具有重要的实际意义。     

空间外差光谱仪的干涉图校正

空间外差光谱技术(SHS)作为一种新型超光谱分辨率的光谱分析技术近年来得到了快速发展和广泛应用。根据SHS的基本结构和原理,本文对SHS应用系统中能对干涉图产生影响的各种干扰和畸变进行了分析,并针对这些干扰提出了一种SHS干涉图校正方案。实验结果表明,该方案不仅可以对干涉图进行有效校正,而且复原光谱能够良好地反映输入光谱信息,提高SHS的反演精度。     

基于CMYK颜色空间的光全息水印算法研究

在印刷CMYK颜色空间、傅里叶全息加密和数字水印理论的基础上,提出了基于CMYK颜色空间的光全息水印算法。该算法不用转换颜色空间,避免了未印刷就人为导致水印信息的丢失,提高了重建水印的相似度;解密时,由于傅里叶变换的特性,重建水印的共轭图像与原水印图像互相叠加,增强了重建水印的清晰度。实验结果表明,该算法有较好的不可见性和较强鲁棒性,可以抵抗一般图像处理等操作。     

虚拟仪器技术在谐波检测系统中的应用研究

指出了电力系统中谐波问题的严重性,并就常见的电力系统谐波的分析方法及优缺点进行了概括。重点阐述了采用傅里叶变换的方法对谐波进行检测和分析的原理,对虚拟仪器技术的特点和优点并与传统仪器分析技术进行了初步对比。最后,给出了基于虚拟仪器技术的电力系统谐波检测和分析系统的软、硬件组成,并简要分析了该系统的运行结果。     

Flatfielding in spatial heterodyne spectroscopy

Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) is a Fourier-transform spectroscopic technique that simultaneously records all path differences using a detector array. Compared to conventional Fourier-transform spectroscopy that measures interferogram samples sequentially in the time domain, SHS is insensitive to a changing scene; however, the effects caused by differences in the detector elements and/or the optics for each sample must be addressed with a flatfield correction. The flatfield correction is typically a characteristic of the instrument and does not change with the observed scene. We present three different flatfielding approaches. Each is based on different assumptions and is applicable depending on the instrumental effects dominating the flatfield.     

OH absorption spectroscopy in a flame using spatial heterodyne spectroscopy

We demonstrate measurements of OH absorption spectra in the post-flame zone of a McKenna burner using spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS). SHS permits high-resolution, high-throughput measurements. In this case the spectra span approximately 308-310 nm with a resolution of 0.03 nm, even though an extended source (extent of approximately 2x10(-7) m(2) rad(2)) was used. The high spectral resolution is important for interpreting spectra when multiple absorbers are present for inferring accurate gas temperatures from measured spectra and for monitoring weak absorbers. The present measurement paves the way for absorption spectroscopy by SHS in practical combustion devices, such as reciprocating and gas-turbine engines.     

Correction of phase distortion in spatial heterodyne spectroscopy

The detailed analysis of measured interferograms generally requires phase correction. Phase-shift correction methods are commonly used and well documented for conventional Fourier-transform spectroscopy. However, measured interferograms can show additional phase errors, depending on the optical path difference and signal frequency, which we call phase distortion. In spatial heterodyne spectroscopy they can be caused, for instance, by optical defects or image distortions, making them a characteristic of the individual spectrometer. They can generally be corrected without significant loss of the signal-to-noise ratio. We present a technique to measure phase distortion by using a measured example interferogram. We also describe a technique to correct for phase distortion and test its performance by using a simulation with a near-UV solar spectrum. We find that for our measured example interferogram the phase distortion is small and nearly frequency independent. Furthermore, we show that the presented phase-correction technique is especially effective for apodized interferograms.     

A spectrum analyzer with a tracking heterodyne

A generalized block diagram is presented and the requirements imposed on the main units of the tracking heterodyne of a sequential-action spectrum analyzer are determined. A method of generating the tracking-heterodyne signal is considered, which enables the error to be reduced considerably and enables the dynamic range of the measurement of the characteristics of linear radio devices to be extended. Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 65–67, March, 2009.     

全视场外差白光干涉测量技术

为了解决传统白光干涉测量技术中对线性位移机构的位移精度要求过高的问题,本文提出了一种全视场外差白光干涉测量技术。该技术主要通过使用存在差频的白光干涉信号作为光源来实现在大扫描步长和低扫描精度条件下相干峰位置的高精度检测。本文首先建立了白光外差干涉的数学模型,再根据数学模型提供的光强信号特性提出了整体系统设计方案,然后对测量方案的可行性进行了实验验证。最后针对多种误差对算法计算精度的影响进行了理论分析和数据对比。误差分析的结果表明:白光外差干涉测量技术提供更高的测量精度和更好的抗干扰性能,有效地降低了传统白光干涉测量对线性位移机构精度的严苛依赖,为光学自由曲面检测技术提供了更多的可选解决方案。     

Study of dilution of Spin-On Glass by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

In this work, we study the dilution of Spin-On Glass (SOG) in order to obtain high quality SiO₂ films at 200 °C, with optical and electrical characteristics similar to those of the thermally grown SiO₂. For the production of SiO₂ films we used 2-propanol and deionized water (DI) as diluents for the SOG and we compared the electrical and optical film properties with those of the films obtained from undiluted SOG. From Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy we observed a considerable reduction of SiOH (920 cm^− 1), OH (3490 cm^− 1) and CH, CO bonds (1139 cm^− 1) in the films produced from SOG diluted with DI. Besides the above, the insulator breakdown field was approximately 21 MV/cm, the refractive index and the dielectric constant were close to those of the thermally grown SiO₂. Our results suggest that the film produced from SOG diluted with DI and cured at 200 °C is an excellent candidate to be used as insulator on flexible and large-area electronics.     

Raman spectroscopy using a spatial heterodyne spectrometer: proof of concept

The use of a spatial heterodyne interferometer-based spectrometer (SHS) for Raman spectroscopy is described. The motivation for this work is to develop a small, rugged, high-resolution ultraviolet (UV) Raman spectrometer that is compatible with pulsed laser sources and that is suitable for planetary space missions. UV Raman is a particular technical challenge for space applications because dispersive (grating) approaches require large spectrographs and very narrow slits to achieve the spectral resolution required to maximize the potential of Raman spectroscopy. The heterodyne approach of the SHS has only a weak coupling of resolution and throughput, so a high-resolution UV SHS can both be small and employ a wide slit to maximize throughput. The SHS measures all optical path differences in its interferogram simultaneously with a detector array, so the technique is compatible with gated detection using pulsed lasers, important to reject ambient background and mitigate fluorescence (already low in the UV) that might be encountered on a planetary surface where samples are uncontrolled. The SHS has no moving parts, and as the spectrum is heterodyned around the laser wavelength, it is particularly suitable for Raman measurements. In this preliminary report we demonstrate the ability to measure visible wavelength Raman spectra of liquid and solid materials using an SHS Raman spectrometer and a visible laser. Spectral resolution and bandpass are also discussed. Separation of anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman bands is demonstrated using two different approaches. Finally spectral bandpass doubling is demonstrated by forming an interference pattern in both directions on the ICCD detector followed by analysis using a two-dimensional Fourier transform.     

Digital circularly polarized heterodyne ellipsometer

In this research, a digital circularly polarized heterodyne ellipsometer (DCPHE) is developed, which has a heterodyne interferometer based on a dual-frequency paired circularly polarized laser beam integrated with a digital storage oscilloscope. DCPHE is an amplitude-sensitive ellipsometer that is applicable to real time and precise measurement of ellipsometric parameters. The systematic errors are likewise derived and analyzed. When the incident angle α are set at 60° and 70° in DCPHE, an accuracy of less than 0.7% of the ellipsometric parameter measurement of the SiO₂ thin film deposited on silicon substrate is achieved.