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1.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats at the ages of four weeks and nine months were fed purified diets containing 20% proteins either
as casein (CAS), milk whey protein (WHY), or soybean protein (SOY) with 5% sardine oil for four weeks. The hypocholesterolemic
effect of SOY was not statistically evident as compared to milk proteins at both ages, although serum cholesterol tended to
be low in the SOY groups. A significant agedependent increase in serum cholesterol was observed in all dietary groups. Liver
cholesterol concentrations were comparable in young rats, whereas in adults they were significantly lower in the SOY than
in the CAS or WHY groups. At both ages, the activity of liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase tended to be
higher in the SOY than in the other groups. Fecal steroid excretion was significantly higher in rats fed SOY than those fed
either CAS or WHY, especially in adult rats. Significant age- and dietary protein-effects were observed in fatty acid profiles
of liver microsomal phospholipids. Thus, the effects of dietary proteins on various lipid parameters were essentially maintained
even when fish oil served as the source of dietary fat. 相似文献
2.
The effect of dietary protein, casein (CAS) and soybean protein (SOY), on linoleic acid desaturation in liver microsomes was
studied in rats. The activity of Δ6 desaturase in total and rough endoplasmic reticula (ER and RER) was significantly higher
in the CAS group than in the SOY group. In ER and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of
1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, when incorporated into the membrane, was decreased in the SOY group and accompanied by a reduction
in the cholesterol/phospholipid (CHOL/PL) ratio, consistent with an increase in membrane fluidity. In a separate study, the
effect of varying dietary proteins, CAS, milk whey protein, egg albumin, SOY, potato protein and wheat gluten, on the relationship
between the Δ6 desaturase activity and microsomal membrane fluidity was also examined. The results indicated that the dietary
protein-dependent change in the liver microsomal CHOL/PL ratio affected membrane fluidity, and subsequently the activity of
Δ6 desaturase in liver microsomes. However, since dietary protein influenced the Δ6 desaturase activity in RER without influencing
membrane fluidity, it is possible that some regulation might have taken place at the level of enzyme synthesis. 相似文献
3.
The effect of the nature and amount of dietary calories on the lipid composition of bone marrow of rats was studied. Male weanling rats were fed 3 isocaloric diets, containing high carbohydrate, normal protein, and high protein, and a fourth high fat diet for 49 days. Feeding of the high carbohydrate, high protein, and high fat diets caused a significant increase in the level of total lipids compared to the normal protein diet. This increase of total lipids was due primarily to the increase in the level of triglycerides. There was no significant difference in fatty acid composition of either nonpolar or polar lipids of bone marrow among rats fed high carbohydrate diet and those fed normal protein diet. A comparison of fatty acid compositions between bone marrow lipids of rats fed high protein diet and the other 2 isocaloric diets revealed that the proportion of palmitic acid was higher and the proportion of oleic acid was lower in animals fed high protein diet than in animals fed the other 2 diets. Compared to the 3 isocaloric low fat diets, dietary feeding of high fat diet caused a decrease in the proportion of palmitic and palmitoleic acids and an increase in the proportion of oleic and linoleic acids in total fatty acids of both nonpolar and polar lipids. 相似文献
4.
Rats were fed cholesterol, cacao butter, or olive oil diets to determine the effect of dietary lipids on the rate of drug
biotransformation in the liver and duodenum. The cholesterol rich diet maintained the hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase
activity at the same level as did the standard diet. Rats fed olive oil and cacao butter diets showed lower hepatic aryl hydrocarbon
hydrorylase activity. The p-nitroanisole 0-demethylase activity was doubled in hepatic microsomes of rats fed the high cholesterol
diet when compared to rats fed the standard diet. The hepatic uridine diphosphate glucoronosyltransferase activity showed
different patterns depending on the in vitro treatment of the microsomal membranes. If the enzyme activity was assayed from
the native, untreated microsomes, an increase in the measurable uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase activity was
found in rats having cholesterol rich diet. After the in vitro activation of membrane-bound uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase
by trypsin, the increase in measurable activity was 10 fold in the group fed the standard diet, 6 fold in group fed cholesterol,
4 fold in group fed cacao butter, and 3 fold in group fed olive oil. Trypsin digestion of microsomes increased the measurable
uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase activity less in rats fed diets rich in neutral fats than those fed the standard
diet. In the duodenal mucosa, lipid diets decreased the activities of drug hydroxylation and glucuronidation. 相似文献
5.
Kyoichi Osada Takehiro Kodama Koji Yamada Shingo Nakamura Michihiro Sugano 《Lipids》1998,33(8):757-764
The interactive effect of high dietary levels of oxidized cholesterol on exogenous cholerterol and linoleic acid metabolism
was examined in male 4-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats given high-cholesterol diets. The rats were pair-fed purified diets free
of or containing either 0.5% cholesterol alone or both 0.5% cholesterol and 0.5% oxidized cholesterol mixture (containing
93% oxidized cholesterol) for 3 wk. Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase activity was reduced in rats given cholesterol
alone or both cholesterol and oxidized cholesterol. However, hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity was lowered only
when rats were given both cholesterol and oxidized cholesterol, although dietary cholesterol increased this activity. Reflecting
this effect, acidic steroid excretion was lowest among the groups of rats given cholesterol and oxidized cholesterol. On the
other hand, the activity of hepatic Δ6 desaturase, a key enzyme in the metabolism of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid, was
increased in rats given both cholesterol and oxidized cholesterol, although dietary cholesterol alone lowered its activity.
As a result, the Δ6 desaturation index, 20∶3n-6+20∶4n-6/18∶2n-6, in liver and serum phosphlipids tended to be higher in the
group fed both cholesterol and oxidized cholesterol than in the one fed cholesterol alone. Thus, dietary oxidized cholesterol
significantly modulated exogenous cholesterol metabolism and promoted linoleic acid desaturation even when it was given at
high levels together with a high cholesterol diet. 相似文献
6.
A Sánchez D A Rubano G W Shavlik P Fagenstrom U D Register R W Hubbard 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》1988,38(2):239-250
Casein or soy protein with vegetable or animal fat were used to determine the dietary protein or fat effects and their possible interaction on serum cholesterol levels. Young, male New Zealand white rabbits with a mean weight of 2.1 kg were divided into groups of six and fed one of four different diets containing 20% of the calories as protein, 30% as fat (according to dietary guidelines for the United States) and 50% as carbohydrate. The diets contained casein or soy (lysine/arginine ratio = 2.2 or 0.9, respectively) as the protein sources with fat from either almond oil or butter. There was no significant difference in weight gain among the diet groups. Total serum cholesterol level was highest among animals fed the diet containing butter with casein (177 +/- 25 mg/dl) or soy protein (189 +/- 50 mg/dl), it was intermediate in animals fed the vegetable oil with casein (121 +/- 14 mg/dl), and lowest in the soy protein with vegetable oil group (58 +/- 12 mg/dl). There was a significant difference in serum cholesterol levels due to the protein effect when vegetable oil was used (p less than 0.05) but not with butter. There was also a significant fat effect on serum cholesterol when the diet contained soy protein (p less than 0.005) but not when the protein was casein. No significant interaction was observed between the dietary fat and protein sources on serum cholesterol levels, which suggests that dietary protein and fat independently affect the levels of serum cholesterol. Thus, dietary protein has a significant effect on serum cholesterol levels and may be a factor in the low levels of serum cholesterol observed among vegetarians and in humans of Third World countries where the diets is primarily of vegetable origin. 相似文献
7.
Dietary conjugated linolenic acid in relation to CLA differently modifies body fat mass and serum and liver lipid levels in rats 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Koba K Akahoshi A Yamasaki M Tanaka K Yamada K Iwata T Kamegai T Tsutsumi K Sugano M 《Lipids》2002,37(4):343-350
The present study compared the effect of dietary conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) on body fat and serum and liver lipid levels
with that of CLA in rats. FFA rich in linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, CLA, or CLNA were used as experimental fats. Male Sprague-Dawley
rats (4 wk old) were fed purified diets containing 1% of one of these experimental fats. After 4 wk of feeding, adipose tissue
weights, serum and liver lipid concentrations, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and leptin levels, and hepatic β-oxidation
activities were measured. Compared with linoleic acid, CLA and, more potently, CLNA were found to reduce perirenal adipose
tissue weight. The same trend was observed in the weight of epididymal adipose tissue. CLNA, but not CLA, was found to significantly
increase serum and liver IG concentrations. Serum FFA concentration was also increased in the CLNA group more than in the
other groups. The activity of β-oxidation in liver mitochondria and peroxisomes was significantly higher in the CLNA group
than in the other groups. Thus, the amount of liver TG exceeded the ability of hepatic β-oxidation. Significant positive correlation
was found between the adipose tissue weights and serum leptin levels in all animals (vs. perirenal: r=0.557, P<0.001; vs. epididymal: r=0.405, P<0.05). A less significant correlation was found between adipose tissue weights and serum TNF-α level (vs. perirenal: r=0.069, P<0.1; vs. epididymal: r=0.382, P<0.05). Although the mechanism for the specific effect of CLNA is not clear at present, these findings indicate that in rats
CLNA modulated the body fat and TG metabolism differently from CLA. 相似文献
8.
Manal K Abdel‐Rahman 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2010,112(10):1166-1172
Evidence from animal and human studies indicates that abnormal lipid profile may contribute to renal disease progression. The effect of dietary fat level on renal function, electrolyte balance, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and sex hormones was examined in 54 male and female adult rats. The rats were fed either low/high fat diet (3/20 g/100 g diet) for 12 weeks. In rats fed the high fat diet (HF), the kidney weight/body weight ratio was significantly increased in comparison with low fat diet (LF). Rats fed the LF diet had significantly lower mean of feed intake and body weight gain percentage compared with both HF and control groups (p<0.05). HF diets enhanced cholesterol and triacylglycerol significantly in male and female rats, and this increase was associated with a significant increase of testosterone and estradiol levels relative to controls. Uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine were increased significantly in HF diet groups for male and female rats. The results indicate that uric acid was increased 100% relative to the control group in male rats when switched to HF diets. In the female group uric acid was increased 35% relative to the control, and for urea nitrogen, 53.4 and 9.6% increase was observed for male and female rats, respectively. Lipid profile in the female group was better than male rats. Significant increase in sodium ions was detected in the serum of male and female rats fed (HF) high fat diets, and the opposite was noticed in potassium ions levels of male and female rats fed HF. Microscopically, examined kidneys of HF diet rats revealed two types of histopathological alterations in both sexes. 相似文献
9.
Dietary CLA has been shown to enhance glucose tolerance in several animal models, but in mice it induces insulin resistance
and lipodystrophy. In this study, the effects of 2 wk of diet supplementation with either 1,5% CLA or 0.2% troglitazone (TZD),
an insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinedione, on glucose tolerance, lipid accumulation, and composition of both lean and Zucker
diabetic fatty (fa/fa; ZDF) rats were examined. Compared with lean rats, which maintained normal glucose tolerances after 2 wk of feeding regardless
of diet, ZDF rats fed a control diet (CON) had significantly worsened glucose tolerance. ZDF rats fed CLA and TZD diets, however,
maintained normal glucose tolerances. In contrast to the significantly elevated lipid levels in ZDF rats fed the CON diet,
concentrations of plasma FFA and TG in ZDF rats fed CLA and TZD diets were normalized. A similar reduction of plasma lipid
levels was observed in lean rats fed CLA and TZD compared with lean rats fed the CON diet. Although ZDF CON rats developed
significant hepatic steatosis, both CLA-and TZD-fed rats had hepatic TG levels similar to those of lean rats. Both lean and
ZDF rats fed the CLA diet had reduced adipose mass compared with respective genotype controls; however, TZD had no effect.
Ratios of 16∶1/16∶0 and 18∶1/18∶0 FA, surrogate markers for stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) activity, were reduced in livers
of ZDF rats fed CLA and TZD diets. These results show that, like TZD, CLA normalizes glucose tolerance and plasma lipids and
also improves hepatic steatosis and FA composition in ZDF rats. The effects of CLA and TZD on hepatic lipid composition suggest
that the effects of these two agents on glucose tolerance may be associated with a reduction in SCD-1. 相似文献
10.
The effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in combination with fat from vegetable versus animal
origin on the fatty acid deposition, including that of individual 18:1 and 18:2 (conjugated and non-conjugated) isomers, in
the liver and muscle of obese rats was investigated. For this purpose, 32 male Zucker rats were randomly assigned to one of
four diets containing palm oil or ovine fat, supplemented or not with 1% of 1:1 cis(c)9,trans(t)11 and t10,c12 CLA isomers mixture. Total fatty acid content decreased in the liver and muscle of CLA-fed rats. In the liver, CLA increased
saturated fatty acids (SFA) in 11.9% and decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in 6.5%. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids
(PUFA) relative proportions were increased in 30.6% by CLA when supplemented to the ovine fat diet. In the muscle, CLA did
not affect SFA but decreased MUFA and PUFA percentages. The estimation of Δ9-indices 16 and 18 suggested that CLA inhibited
the stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity in the liver (a decrease of 13–38%), in particular when supplemented to the ovine fat
diet. Concerning CLA supplementation, the t10,c12 isomer percentage was 60–80% higher in the muscle than in the liver. It is of relevance that rats fed ovine fat, containing
bio-formed CLA, had more c9,t11 CLA isomer deposited in both tissues than rats fed palm oil plus synthetic CLA. These results highlight the importance
to further clarify the biological effects of consuming foods naturally enriched in CLA, alternatively to CLA dietary supplementation. 相似文献
11.
Sprague-Dawley rats were fed purified diets varying in both protein (20%) and lipid (11%) content for 28 d to verify the independent
and interactive effects of dietary proteins and lipids on serum and hepatic lipids, and on tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
activity in both fasted and postprandial states. These diets consisted of either casein-menhaden oil, casein-coconut oil,
soy protein-menhaden oil (SPMO), soy protein-coconut oil, cod protein-menhaden oil, or cod protein-coconut oil. A randomized
3×2 factorial design was used. A significant protein-lipid interaction was seen on serum triglyceride levels: menhaden oil,
compared with coconut oil, induced a decrease in serum triglyceride levels when combined with soy protein but not when combined
with cod protein and casein. The lower serum triglyceride concentrations observed in the SPMO-fed rats could be the result
of decreased hepatic triglycerides when soy protein was compared with casein and when menhaden oil was compared with coconut
oil. Total LPL activity in the heart was higher in menhaden oil-fed rats than in coconut oil-fed rats in the postprandial
state. The higher LPL activity in the heart could, however, explain only 10% of the reduction of serum triglycerides, contributing
slightly to the lowering effects of SPMO diet on serum triglycerides. Therefore, the present results indicate that dietary
proteins can modulate the effects of fish oil on triglyceridemia in the rat, and that could be mainly related to specific
alterations in hepatic lipid concentrations. 相似文献
12.
P Varela E Mu?oz-Martínez A Marcos M T Unzaga 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》1988,38(2):219-228
In view of the influence that nutritional and physiological status exert on the immunological capacity of the subject, a study was carried out for the purpose of studying the changes induced by three protein levels in the diet: (4%, 10% (control), and 20%) on total plasma proteins (TPP) and their fractions, as well as Ig G and Ig M levels in non-pregnant (NP) and pregnant (P) rats and their offspring. Effect of the diet on adult rats--In non-pregnant rats submitted to the high protein diet, Ig G levels increased while TPP decreased in P rats fed on 4% and 20% protein diets. The higher the protein level in the diet, the higher were the TPP values. Effect of pregnancy--Ig G and Ig M levels suffered an increase in rats fed the 4% and 10% protein diets, while a decrease was observed in rats submitted to the 20% protein level diet. The TPP rate diminished in rats fed on the low protein diets, and increased when the highest protein diet was administered. Effect of the diet on offspring--Ig M levels were only detected in neonates from rats fed with the low and high protein diets. Moreover, the TPP rate increased as a direct function of the dietary protein intake. 相似文献
13.
Sarah Laraichi Pilar Parra Rocío Zamanillo Ahmed El Amarti Andreu Palou Francisca Serra 《Lipids》2013,48(8):817-826
The scope of this study was to assess the impact of calcium and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on plasma fatty acid profiles and to evaluate potential synergistic effects of both compounds against dietary obesity. Mice separated into five experimental groups were followed: control (C), high-fat diet (HF), HF with calcium (Ca), HF plus CLA and HF with both Ca and CLA. Plasma metabolites and fatty acids were determined by commercial kits and gas chromatography, respectively. Both dietary calcium and CLA supplementation contributed to lower body fat gain under a HF diet. Maximum efficacy was seen with calcium; no additional effect was associated with the combined treatment with CLA. Plasma leptin, adiponectin and HOMA index were in accordance with an altered glucose/insulin homeostasis in the HF and HF + CLA groups, whereas control levels were attained under Ca-enriched diets. Plasma fatty acids showed minor changes associated to CLA treatment, but a high impact on PUFA was observed under Ca-enriched diets. Our results show that the mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effects of calcium supplementation is mediated mainly by changes in PUFA plasma profile. In addition, the lack of synergy on body weight reduction in combination with associated lipid profiles of calcium and CLA suggests that calcium may interfere with absorption and/or bioactivity of CLA, which can be of relevance when using CLA-fortified dairy products against human obesity. 相似文献
14.
Cinnamomum camphora Seed Kernel Oil Improves Lipid Metabolism and Enhances β3-Adrenergic Receptor Expression in Diet-Induced Obese Rats 下载免费PDF全文
Jing Fu Cheng Zeng Zheling Zeng Baogui Wang Xuefang Wen Ping Yu Deming Gong 《Lipids》2016,51(6):693-702
The effects of dietary Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil (CCSKO) containing medium‐chain triacylglycerols on lipid metabolism and mRNA and protein expression of β‐3 adrenergic receptor in adipose tissue were studied in diet‐induced obese rats. High fat food‐induced obese rats were randomly divided into CCSKO group, Lard group, Soybean oil (SOY) group and naturally restoring group (n = 10). Rats fed with low fat food were used as a normal control group. Significant decreases in body mass and abdominal fat mass/body mass after 12 weeks were found in CCSKO group as compared with Lard and SOY groups (p < 0.05). Levels of blood total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, free fatty acid, fasting insulin and insulin resistance in the CCSKO group were decreased significantly, and noradrenaline level and insulin sensitivity index in the CCSKO group were significantly higher than other groups. Meanwhile liver TC and triglyceride levels in the CCSKO group were also decreased markedly. Expression levels of β3‐adrenergic receptor mRNA and protein were higher in CCSKO group than in Lard and SOY groups. These results suggest that CCSKO may contribute to reduction of the body fat mass, promote lipid metabolism and up‐regulate β3‐adrenergic receptor expression in high fat diet‐induced obese rats. 相似文献
15.
Masaharu Kamei Sumiko Ohgaki Tamotsu Kanbe Mitsuru Shimizu Shigeru Morita Isao Niiya Isao Matsui-Yuasa Shuzo Otani 《Lipids》1996,31(11):1151-1156
The effects of dietary highly hydrogenated soybean oil (HSO) upon the changes caused by dietary polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) were examined in rats. Six groups of rats were fed the following diets for 30 d: a 20% soybean oil-containing diet
(control diet), a diet in which a half of soybean oil was substituted with HSO (HSO-A diet), a diet in which cellulose powder
was replaced with HSO (HSO-B diet) and these diets supplemented with 100 ppm PCBs (control+PCBs, HSO-A+PCBs and HSO-B+PCBs
diets). Hepatic concentration of PCBs and relative liver weight were markedly decreased in rats fed with the HSO-A+PCBs diet
compared with those fed with the other diets containing PCBs. Liver lipids and liver cholesterol were considerably decreased
with a reciprocal increase in fecal sterol excretion by rats fed the HSO-A+PCBs and the HSO-B+PCBs diets compared with those
fed with the control+PCBs diet. The fatty acid composition in hepatic phospholipids showed an independent increase of the
saturated fatty acid content induced by dietary HSO and PCBs. Dietary PCBs also caused decreases in the amounts of monounsaturated
and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results suggest that dietary HSO prevents accumulation of PCBs in the liver and
promotes the excretion of lipids stimulated by PCBs, accompanied by a change in fatty acid metabolism. 相似文献
16.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM), contained in heated fat
from a commercial deep-fat frying operation, on rat liver enzyme activity. A partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSBO) used
7 d (7-DH) for frying foodstuffs, or 0.15% methylated CFAM diets was fed to male weanling rats in comparison to a control
group fed a nonheated PHSBO (NH) diet in a 10-wk experiment. All diets were isocaloric with 15% fat. Animals fed either CFAM
or 7-DH diets showed increased hepatic content of cytochrome (cyt.) b5 and P450 and increased activity of (E.C. 1.6.2.4) NADPH-cyt. P450 reductase in comparison to the control rats. In addition, the activities of (E.C. 2.3.1.21) carnitine palmitoyltransferase-l
and (E.C. 1.1.1.42) isocitrate dehydrogenase were significantly decreased when compared to that of rats fed the NH diet. A
significantly depressed activity of (E.C. 1.1.1.49) glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was also observed for these animals
compared to the control rats fed NH diet. Moreover, liver and microsomal proteins were significantly increased when CFAM or
7-DH diets were fed to animals in comparison to controls while liver glycogen was decreased significantly in experimental
groups of rats. The results obtained in this study indicate that the CFAM in the diet from either synthetic sources or used
fats increase the activity of liver enzyme systems that detoxify them. 相似文献
17.
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids on hepatic and muscle lipids in hybrid striped bass 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are the focus of numerous studies, yet the effects of these isomers of octadecadienoic acids
have not been evaluated in many species of fish. In this study, graded amounts of CLA-0,0.5, 0.75, or 1.0% of the diet—were
fed to juvenile hybrid striped bass for 8 wk. Dietary treatments were fed to apparent satiation twice daily to triplicate
groups of fish initially weighing 13.4 g/fish. Feed intake and weight gain of fish fed 1.0% CLA were significantly reduced
compared to fish fed no CLA. Fish fed 0.5 and 0.75% CLA exhibited reduced feed intake similar to fish fed 1.0% CLA, but had
growth rates that were not significantly different from those of fish fed no CLA. Feed efficiency improved significantly in
fish as dietary CLA concentrations increased. Total liver lipid concentrations were significantly reduced in fish fed the
diets containing CLA compared to those of fish fed the control diet, and intraperitoneal fat ratio was significantly lower
in fish fed 1.0% CLA compared to fish fed no CLA. Fish fed dietary CLA exhibited significant increases in hepatosomatic index
and moisture content of muscle and carcass. The CLA isomers were detected in liver and muscle of fish fed the diets containing
CLA, while a low concentration of one isomer was detected in liver and muscle of fish fed the control diet. Dietary CLA resulted
in a significant increase in 18∶2(c-9,c-12) concentration in liver and muscle, but a significant reduction in 18∶1n−7 in these tissues. Furthermore, feeding CLA
resulted in a significant increase in the concentration of 20∶5n−3 and 22∶6n−3 in liver, but a reduction of these fatty acids
in muscle. This study showed that feeding CLA elevated tissue concentrations of these fatty acid isomers, reduced tissue lipid
contents, improved feed efficiency, and altered fatty acid concentrations in liver and muscle of fish. 相似文献
18.
Michihiro Sugano Takashi Ide Mitsuko Kohno Midori Watanabe Young-J. Cho Yasuo Nagata 《Lipids》1983,18(3):186-192
Male Wistar rats were fed cholesterol-free or cholesterol-enriched diets containing partially hydrogenated soybean oil with different levels of trans-fatty acids or unhydrogenated soybean oil at the 10% level. The linoleic acid content of hydrogenated fat diets was adjusted to 3.6% of the total energy. Hydrogenated fat diets contained 29% and 41% trans-acids, mainly as t-18:1. Trans-fats exerted no untoward effects on growth parameters, but increased liver weight. Dietary hydrogenated fats influenced neither the concentration nor composition of biliary steroids, irrespective of the presence or absence of cholesterol in the diet. In rats fed a cholesterol-free diet, daily fecal output of neutral and acidic steroids was enhanced by hydrogenated fats and the magnitude of augmentation was proportional to the dietary level of trans-fatty acids. The increased fecal steroid excretion corresponded to an increase in total excreta. Hydrogenated fats also tended to enhance bile acid excretion when feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet. The results suggest that dietary trans-fatty acids, in relation to cis-polyunsaturated fatty acids, provoke demonstrable change in steroid homeodynamics. 相似文献
19.
Ching-Jang Huang Nam-Sang Cheung Ven-Rond Lu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1988,65(11):1796-1803
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of deteriorated used frying oil (DUFO) and dietary protein levels upon
the hepatic microsomal drugmetabolizing enzyme system. Fresh soybean oil was subjected to a deep-frying process at 205±5°C
for four six-hr periods. The resultant DUFO was incorporated into high protein (HU) (27% lactalbumin) or low protein (LU)
(8% lactalbumin) test diets at a 15% level. High protein (HF) and low protein (LF) diets containing fresh soybean oil served
as the control. Male Long-Evans young rats fed the test diets for eight weeks showed decreased fat absorption and increased
red blood cell (RBC) in vitro hemolysis. The activities of hepatic aminopyrine N-demethylase (AD), aniline hydroxylase (AH),
NADPH-cytochrome C reductase (NCD), UDP-glucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as cytochrome
P-450 content were significantly increased in rats fed the HU diet. However, the AD, AH and GST activities, as well as the
cytochrome P-450 content of the LU group, were increased to a lesser extent and significantly lower than those of the HU group.
Rats fed the LU diet were the only group that showed significantly elevated serum GOT (E.C. 2.6.1.1, glutamate-oxaloacetate
transaminase) and GPT (E.C. 2.6.1.2, glutamatepyruvate transaminase) values. Supplementation of 0.3% DL-methionine to the
HU diet further increased GST activity. Unexpectedly, rats fed the low protein control diet (LF) also had raised levels of
AD, AH and UDPGT activities as well as in vitro RBC hemolysis. It was concluded that rat hepatic microsomal enzymes are induced
by dietary DUFO and that the level of induction is influenced by dietary protein level. 相似文献
20.
Recently, significant differences between rats fed a casein diet and rats fed a soybean protein diet have been observed in hepatic phospholipid fatty acid patterns (Sjöblom, L., and Eklund, A.,Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1004, 187–192, 1990). The influence of these two diets on the Δ6 desaturase activity was investigated in the present study because the hepatic desaturase system is a source of unsaturated fatty acids. The rats fed a casein diet showed higher desaturase activity than those fed soybean protein when using either linoleic acid (P<0.005) or oleic acid (P<0.05) as substrates. The phosphatidylcholine fraction of hepatic microsomes showed increases in oleic acid (P<0.005) and 20∶3ω9 (P<0.001) levels as well as decreases in stearic acid (P<0.001), linoleic acid (P<0.005) and arachidonic acid (P<0.005) levels in rats which were fed casein rather than soybean protein. Similar differences between the two groups were also observed in the phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol fractions. These data indicate that the qualitative properties of the dietary protein source may influence the fatty acid pattern of rat hepatic microsomes by interfering with Δ6 desaturase activity. 相似文献