卷簧机直径凸轮加工方法的改进

螺旋弹簧一般都是在自动卷簧机上卷制的。自动卷簧机的成形系统，即直径变更机构又都是由直径凸轮控制的，直径凸轮的加工质量直接影响所卷弹簧的直径尺寸和各种参数。目前我国生产的252、253系列和其它型号自动卷簧机都没有凸轮修整装置，传统的方法就是由卷簧工人用挫刀修挫或用车床车创凸轮。这两种方法都可行。前者劳动强度大，修铁质量难以保证，后者由于凸轮车完之后需要重新安装，经过重新安装的凸轮同轴度误差较大，卷制的弹簧往往达不到图样要求。特别是对那些直径公差较小，精度要求较高的弹簧，更不容易保证产品质量。针对这种情…     

卷簧机液压系统现场问题的处理

为满足大料径弹簧的生产要求,设计了一种卷簧机液压系统。针对使用中遇到的问题,通过分析并采取有效措施,较好地满足了生产要求,为今后卷簧机的设计、操作和维修提供必要的参考和借鉴。     

卷簧机数控系统的开发

针对国产卷簧机技术现状，设计了一种基于PMAC卡的卷簧机数控系统。给出了数控系统整体结构，详细介绍了其硬件、软件的构成与功能，简述了软件的编程思路，分析了PID参数的调整过程。实践表明：该系统能满足卷簧机的高定位精度和快速响应的要求。     

车床卷簧芯轴的选择

现在生产大批量的弹簧均在自动卷簧机上进行。但是,自动卷簧机的调整却是一项颇为费时的工作,在试绕中还要消耗一些材料.因此,它适用于大中批量的生产.小批量弹簧在自动卷簧机上卷簧就显得很不方便,适宜在车床上卷簧,调整方便。一、确定卷簧公式车床卷簧需要一根卷簧芯轴。卷簧时,钢丝卷绕在芯轴上,放松后,钢丝会产生回弹现象,这样,制成的弹簧内外径要比需要大,不符合规格(如图1)。因此,卷簧芯轴应稍小于弹簧的内径。钢丝的回弹量与材料的尺寸、材质及弹簧尺寸等多种因素有关,这样,就使芯轴的外径一般难以确定。通常,总是凭经     

变螺距卷弹簧的设计

1 引言一般普通螺距的卷簧,可在自动或半自动卷簧机上进行。但对变螺距、细而长的弹簧的卷制就很难实现了。现仅就机车内燃机上变螺距弹簧在普通车床上卷制的工作原理和方法作一介绍。该弹簧的簧丝直径d=1.6mm内径D_1=2.156mm,总长L=744mm。其中,中间部分长L_1=120mm,螺距t_2=4mm。在保持原设备工作性能的条件下,根据设计和工艺要求,考虑经济、效率等因素,在加长的C620车床上进行卷簧。2 卷簧的工作原理     

浅谈卷簧机自动卷制设计改造

本文通过对事业部第四卷簧生产线存在人员较多、产品质量不稳定等问题进行了一系列分析,得出老式卷簧机自动化程度低,可以通过对控制系统及传动系统改造,实现自动卷制的结论,设计并实施通过伺服系统控制卷簧机进行弹簧卷制,从而达到消除安全隐患、降低生产成本、提高产品一致性、确保产品质量的目的。     

数控系统在卷簧机电气控制改造中的应用

在简要阐述卷簧机原有控制方案的基础上,指出了其中存在的问题及解决的途径,提出了使用SINUMERIK 802Cbl数控系统对卷簧机电气控制系统进行改造的方案,并从整体方案确定、电气控制系统设计、PLC程序设计以及加工程序的参数化设计几个方面阐述了SINUMERIK 802Cbl数控系统在卷簧机电气控制改造中的应用.     

新式微型连续卷簧机

新式CNC数控微型连续卷簧机适用于生产各种节距圆钢丝卷簧,也可生产扁钢丝卷簧。卷簧机具有非凡的工作特性,卷簧点可以进行径向和横向调节。     

基于运动控制器的卷簧机数控系统研究

设计了一个专用于自动卷簧机的四轴联动数控系统.该系统基于Windows XP操作平台,以PMAC运动控制器为核心并且具有开放式体系结构.重点阐述了数控系统的硬件构成和系统软件的结构设计,以及界面结构、数据通讯、伺服控制等.实验表明:该系统可以满足数控卷簧机的要求.     

揿钮面子联合机

揿钮是一种日用小商品,体积较小,它由锌合金皮和黄铜絲制成。由于它是面底配合使用,因此面子生产的要求此较精确,尤其是嵌簧要求平正,卷边要求均匀。揿钮面子(见图1)在1958年前,从原料到成品,从落料拉伸、制弹簧、嵌簧卷边,都是手工操作,劳动强度高,产量低,质量不好,而且给操作工人带来许多不便。1959年,上海金属制品厂将手工制造揿钮的三个主要工序——落料拉伸、制弹簧、嵌簧卷边,用机械动作联合起来,初步革新成功揿钮面子联合机。当时由于部分结构不太合理,特别是送料部件误差过大,不能正常生产。我厂在上海金属制品厂革新的基础上,对送料部件进行了改革,经过多次试验,解决了这个关键部件,使联合机迅速投入生产。后来为了适应多规格     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.