离散灰狼优化算法求解VRPSPDTW问题

本文针对带时间窗约束的同时送取货车辆路径问题,建立了以总配送距离最小化为目标的数学模型.根据模型的特征,在保留灰狼算法(GWO)搜索机制的基础上,提出了离散灰狼优化算法(DGWO)进行求解.采用多种策略构建种群的初始解,并允许出现不可行解,扩大种群的搜索区域;引入带评分策略的邻域搜索策略,调整每种算子的概率,使算法选择优化效果更好的算子;使用移除-插入机制,对优质解区域进行探索,加速种群的收敛.在仿真实验中对标准数据集进行了测试,将实验结果和p-SA算法、DCS算法、VNS-BSTS算法和SA-ALNS算法进行了对比,实验表明DGWO算法能有效地解决带时间窗约束的同时送取货车辆路径问题.     

多行程多交货期的成品油配送优化

研究多行程多交货期的成品油配送优化问题,已知油库使用带运输时间窗的多舱车辆配送各加油站的多个订单,每个加油站具有各自的优先级,且加油站的各个订单带有交货期.综合考虑客户优先级、订单交货期和车辆运输时间窗等因素,以配送收益最大化为目标,建立多行程多交货期的成品油配送优化模型,并设计带交货期移除算子的改进变邻域搜索算法进行求解.基于前向插入启发式算法构造初始解,设计基于订单交货期的邻域扰动算子和基于单位时间收益最大化的贪婪策略,以增强算法的局部寻优能力,并提出基于逆序访问的后期优化策略,从而在保证解的质量情况下加快算法收敛速度.通过不同规模下的仿真实验验证了所提出模型和算法在最大化配送收益的同时,能够有效地提高配送及时性.     

考虑随机旅行时间与二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径优化

面向越库配送模式下二维装载和车辆路径联合优化,考虑现实配送过程的不确定性因素,提出考虑随机旅行时间和二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径问题.基于蒙特卡洛模拟与场景分析方法,建立以运输成本、车辆固定成本以及时间窗期望惩罚成本之和最小化为目标的带修正随机规划模型.继而根据问题特征,设计改进的自适应禁忌搜索算法和基于禁忌搜索的多重排序最佳适应装箱算法进行求解.其中,改进的自适应禁忌搜索算法在禁忌搜索算法的基础上引入自适应机制,对不同邻域算子进行动态选择,并提出基于移除-修复策略的多样性机制以增强算法的寻优能力.数值实验表明,所提出的模型与方法能够有效求解考虑随机旅行时间和二维装载约束的越库配送车辆路径问题,自适应与多样性机制能一定程度上增强算法的全局搜索能力.     

装备联合配送路径优化及算法分析

针对传统的装备配送模式存在着分区复杂、物资无法共享以及配送路径优化不合理等问题,提出了装备联合配送的方式,综合考虑配送时间、部队服务满意度和配送成本的目标,构建带时间窗的联合配送路径优化模型。并针对模型,提出了一种自适应改进遗传算法。该算法利用PFIH算法构建初始解,采用新颖的变异算子和自适应的交叉变异概率,利用relocate和2-opt进行中间解的优化,加快算法收敛。多目标权重处理采用RCA算法进行量化。最后实验证明该算法性能优良,求解高效,能够应用于军用装备联合配送的实际场景。     

基于配送收益均衡的多目标绿色车辆路径优化算法

针对电商平台物流中的碳排放成本较大以及配送过程中配送员收益不均衡的情况,为满足平台减少物流成本和人力成本的需求,提高车辆配送效率,降低碳排放量,实现低碳绿色出行,研究带有时间窗、配送收益均衡的多目标绿色车辆路径规划问题,并设计混合智能求解算法.首先,建立基于行驶速度的燃油消耗、基于模糊客户满意度的惩罚成本和配送收益均衡函数,构建以最小化燃油消耗量、惩罚成本和配送收益方差为目标的多目标绿色车辆路径模型;然后,将变邻域搜索算子融入NSGA-II算法,设计求解上述模型的多目标进化优化算法,以提高算法的寻优性能;最后,选择Solomon中的18个测试数据集进行实验,通过与2个模型和3种算法的超体积值和knee点值进行对比,验证所提出模型的可行性和算法的有效性,为降低碳排放量、实现低碳绿色出行提供新方案.     

动态环境下有时间窗的成套配送车辆路径问题

为解决成套配送车辆路径优化问题,针对配送线路动态变化的特点进行行程时间分析,根据服务时间窗设计满意度函数,在基本VRP模型中增加满意度目标,建立动态环境下的仿真模型;采用"预优化阶段+实时优化阶段"两阶段求解策略,利用分解法进行问题分解,设计禁忌搜索算法求解,对已产生的路径进行优化调整;仿真计算验证了模型和算法的有效性与研究的实用价值。     

考虑动态需求的外卖配送路径优化模型及算法

外卖业务模式高度复杂,现有文献中缺少针对外卖配送路径优化问题的研究.鉴于此,基于同时送取货VRP问题的求解策略,引入时间惩罚成本衡量外卖配送超出时间窗的情况,定义目标函数为外卖配送成本增量总和,包括新订单的固定配送成本、额外配送成本和时间惩罚成本之和.考虑随机参数对计算复杂程度产生的影响,设定配送区域范围,对新订单进行调度时,已指派但尚未完成的订单仍由原车配送,且将时间惩罚成本作为变动成本修正目标函数,直接去掉时间窗约束,降低算法求解难度.设计“商家-客户”配对策略,引入k-means对“商家-客户”进行聚类,同一类内设计“商家-客户”遗传算法,得到启发式路径优化方案.最后,采用随机模拟算法生成动态订单测试算例,通过R语言测试模型及算法的有效性.     

多模式下的车辆和无人机联合配送模型与优化算法

无人机已广泛用于物流配送,具有快速投递和低成本的优势.针对远离仓库中心、交通受限制客户的需求,在车机并行配送模式上引入车载无人机以服务该类客户,提出多模式下的车辆和无人机联合配送模型及其路径优化问题.该模型融合了车机协同配送模型和并行配送模型,包括搭载无人机的卡车和独立的无人机舰队.在此基础上建立以最小化交付时间为优化目标的混合整数规划模型,并设计基于知识学习策略的多算子遗传算法来提高搜索效率.实验结果表明,与传统交付方式相比,车辆与无人机联合配送模型可显著减少交付时间.在大规模数据集上,改进的遗传算法表现出更好的性能.该研究成果可为解决物流配送中的复杂动态的“最后一公里”问题提供指导和参考.     

时变路网下带混合时间窗的车辆路径问题

针对时变路网下带混合时间窗的车辆路径问题,综合考虑多中心联合配送、混合时间窗、车辆行驶速度连续变化及车辆行驶速度、载重量对油耗的影响,以车辆派遣成本、油耗成本及时间窗惩罚成本之和最小为目标建立优化模型,并设计自适应遗传-大邻域搜索算法对其进行求解。该算法采用自适应交叉、变异以加快种群寻优速度,并引入时差插入法改进交叉算子和变异算子,嵌入移除算子和插入算子对可行解进行摧毁和重建以增加种群的多样性。通过多组算例验证算法的有效性,并分析了混合时间窗客户的比例变化及车辆行驶速度变化对车辆调度方案的影响,结果表明自适应遗传-大邻域搜索算法较基本算法有着更好的求解性能。该研究成果可丰富车辆路径问题的相关研究,为物流企业优化决策配送方案提供理论依据。     

改进AHP-GA算法的多目标配送路径优化

为准确优化快递配送路径,建立了基于时间窗的快递配送路径优化的数学模型.提出改进AHP-GA算法对多目标配送车辆路径进行优化,利用中位数层次分析算法对多个子目标进行权重系数配比,避免了极端值的影响,从而将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题.通过简单的自然数对车辆路径进行编码,避免了路径重复.考虑了客户对车辆到达时间窗要求,包括车辆在约定时间之前到达获得的机会成本、在约定时间之后到达的罚金成本.最后,本文以1个配送中心,20个服务客户为例,对构建的数学模型通过分别使用传统的GA算法和使用改进AHP-GA算法进行优化,仿真结果表明,利用改进AHP-GA算法进行多目标配送路径优化,可以更加高效地求得问题的最优解.     

遗传演化SPA流失预测算法及并行化

随着电信行业竞争日益激烈,基于数据挖掘的客户流失预测对于电信运营商提升客户服务质量具有重要意义。为提升客户流失预测效率和提高预测模型的泛化能力,引入人工智能的遗传演化思想改进了基于心理学扩散模型SPA(spreading activation)的流失预测算法,提出了基于遗传演化的流失预测算法GASPA(genetic algorithm basedSPA)。GASPA在演化中能自主学习和优化模型参数,通过在真实电话呼叫数据和短消息数据上实验,发现GASPA在精确度上性能优于固定步长方法,在Lift曲线值上性能优于SPA,显著提高了SPA的Lift曲线值,增强了SPA的流失预测效果。为处理海量电信数据,实现了在云计算平台上的并行化方案M-GASPA(MapReduce-GASPA),在提高GASPA可处理数据规模的同时降低了运行时间。     

B2C环境下带预约时间的车辆路径问题及多目标优化蚁群算法

根据B2C(商家对客户)电子商务环境下物流配送的特点建奇=了带预约时间的车辆路径问题(VRP)数学模型,设计了求解多目标优化的蚁群算法,各个目标具有相同的重要性.在蚁群的状态转移概率中引入预约时间窗宽度及车辆等待时间因素,记录优化过程中产生的Pareto最优解,用Pareto最优解集来指导蚁群的信息素更新策略.采用改造...     

A memetic algorithm for the capacitated location-routing problem with mixed backhauls

The design of distribution networks is one of the most important problems in supply chain and logistics management. The main elements in designing a distribution network are location and routing decisions. As these elements are interdependent in many distribution networks, the overall system cost can decrease if location and routing decisions are simultaneously tackled. In this paper, we consider a Capacitated Location-Routing Problem with Mixed Backhauls (CLRPMB) which is a general case of the capacitated location-routing problem. CLRPMB is defined as finding locations of the depots and designing vehicle routes in such a way that pickup and delivery demands of each customer must be performed with the same vehicle and the overall cost is minimized. Since CLRPMB is an NP-hard problem, we propose a memetic algorithm to solve the problem. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we conduct an experimental study and compare its results with the lower bounds obtained by the branch-and-cut algorithm on a set of instances derived from the literature. Computational results indicate that the proposed approach is able to find optimal or very good quality solutions in a reasonable computation time.     

考虑客户价值的卡车与无人机联合配送时变路径优化方法

针对拥堵情况日益严重导致的物流业配送时效不高、客户价值低等问题,综合考虑客户价值和成本等因素,提出了一种卡车与无人机联合配送时变路径的优化方法。考虑到配送过程中不同时段的拥堵情况,采用速度分布函数刻画车辆的行驶速度,同时考虑客户的时间窗、车辆的载重和无人机的载重等约束条件,建立了成本最小的数学模型。根据模型的特点,引入K-means对客户的位置进行聚类,设计混合的粒子群算法对模型进行求解。最后通过Solomom数据进行模拟仿真实验,对模型和算法的有效性进行验证。实验结果表明,与未考虑客户价值静态路网模型相比,该模型在降低9.32%成本的情况下,同时提高了16.83%的客户价值和21.28%的客户满意度,所提算法在降低配送成本和提高企业经济效益方面具有一定的有效性。     

求解多车型校车路径问题的混合集合划分的GRASP算法

针对不同规划场景下具有不同优化目标的多车型校车路径问题(HSBRP),提出一种混合集合划分(SP)的贪婪随机自适应(Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure,GRASP)算法。根据GRASP算法寻优过程中产生的路径信息构建SP模型,然后使用CPLEX精确优化器对SP模型进行求解。为了适应不同类型的HSBRP问题,改进GRASP的初始解构造函数得到一个可行解,并将其对应的路径放入路径池;在局部搜索过程中应用多种邻域结构和可变邻域下降(VND)来提升解的质量,同时在路径池中记录在搜索过程中得到提升的路径和在每次迭代中得到局部最好解的路径信息。使用基准测试案例进行测试,实验结果表明在GRASP算法中,混合SP能够有效地提高算法的求解性能和稳定性,并且该算法能适应不同优化目标下车型混合和车辆数限制两类HSBRP的求解;与现有算法的比较结果再次验证了所提算法的有效性。     

Handling sequential pattern decay: Developing a two-stage collaborative recommender system

This study proposes a sequential pattern based collaborative recommender system that predicts the customer’s time-variant purchase behavior in an e-commerce environment where the customer’s purchase patterns may change gradually. A new two-stage recommendation process is developed to predict customer purchase behavior for the product categories, as well as for product items. The time window weight is introduced to produce sequential patterns closer to the current time period that possess a larger impact on the prediction than patterns relatively far from the current time period. This study is the first to propose time-decaying sequential patterns within a collaborative recommender system. The experimental results show that the proposed system outperforms the traditional collaborative system using a public food mart dataset and a synthetic dataset.     

基于多时窗共空间模式的HMM运动想象脑电识别

运动想象脑电具有识别效果不佳及复杂时序信号建模困难的问题；提出一种基于多时窗共空间模式的隐马尔可夫模型运动想象脑电识别方法,首先将运动想象脑电划分为多个短时窗信号,然后使用共空间模式提取特征序列,以滤除脑电通道间的冗余信息,最后采用前向-后相算法与Viterbi算法求解隐马尔可夫模型并完成分类识别；将本文方法在公开运动想象脑电数据集上进行实验，得到77.17%的分类正确率，相较隐马尔可夫模型算法提升了5.74%，验证了所提方法的有效性。     

A credibility-based fuzzy location model with Hurwicz criteria for the design of distribution systems in B2C e-commerce

Facility location problem is one of the most critical elements in the design of distribution systems, and numerous studies have focused on this issue. However, facility location theory and guidelines for B2C firms are sparse. In this paper, with regard to the customer characteristics peculiar to B2C e-commerce and the turbulence of the competitive market, a new fuzzy location model is proposed to optimize the distribution system design in B2C e-commerce. The model adopts a hierarchical agglomerative clustering method to classify customers and estimate the fuzzy delivery cost. At the same time, due to the turbulence of competitive market, both market supply and customer demand are treated as fuzzy variables in the model. Afterward, the credibility measure and Hurwicz criterion are introduced to convert the model into a crisp one which has NP-hard complexity. In order to solve the crisp model, an improved genetic algorithm with particle swarm optimization is developed. Finally, the computational results of some numerical examples are used to illustrate the application and performance of the proposed model and algorithm.     

A two-phase metaheuristic for the cumulative capacitated vehicle routing problem

The cumulative capacitated vehicle routing problem, which aims to minimize the total arrival time at customers, is a relatively new variant of vehicle routing problem. It can be used to model many real-world applications, e.g., the important application arisen from the humanitarian aid after a natural disaster. In this paper, an approach, called two-phase metaheuristic, is proposed to deal with this problem. This algorithm starts from a solution. At each iteration, two interdependent phases use different perturbation and local search operators for solution improvement. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is empirically investigated. The comparison results show that the proposed algorithm is promising. Moreover, for nine benchmark instances, the two-phase metaheuristic can find better solutions than those reported in the previous literature.     

A credibility-based fuzzy location model with Hurwicz criteria for the design of distribution systems in B2C e-commerce

Facility location problem is one of the most critical elements in the design of distribution systems, and numerous studies have focused on this issue. However, facility location theory and guidelines for B2C firms are sparse. In this paper, with regard to the customer characteristics peculiar to B2C e-commerce and the turbulence of the competitive market, a new fuzzy location model is proposed to optimize the distribution system design in B2C e-commerce. The model adopts a hierarchical agglomerative clustering method to classify customers and estimate the fuzzy delivery cost. At the same time, due to the turbulence of competitive market, both market supply and customer demand are treated as fuzzy variables in the model. Afterward, the credibility measure and Hurwicz criterion are introduced to convert the model into a crisp one which has NP-hard complexity. In order to solve the crisp model, an improved genetic algorithm with particle swarm optimization is developed. Finally, the computational results of some numerical examples are used to illustrate the application and performance of the proposed model and algorithm.