一种基于加权稀疏编码的频域视觉显著性检测算法

 针对现有的基于频域的视觉显著性检测算法检测准确度不高的弱点,本文提出了一种基于加权稀疏编码的频域算法,旨在提高检测准确度的同时保持频域算法运算速度快的优势.在传统的稀疏编码算法基础上,本文根据各子码的增量编码长度来设置它们的权重,实现对图像的加权稀疏编码而不是直接对原始图像进行处理.最后,为了处理多维的稀疏编码信号,本文利用信息论的思想对最新发表的图像签名算法进行了多通道改进,以香农自信息的形式输出图像的显著性检测结果.在公开的人眼跟踪数据库上同9种流行算法的实验对比和对算法复杂度的分析证明了本文算法的有效性和快速性.     

超像素内容感知先验的多尺度贝叶斯显著性检测方法

针对复杂背景下显著性检测方法不能够有效地抑制背景,进而准确地检测目标这一问题,提出了超像素内容感知先验的多尺度贝叶斯显著性检测方法.首先,将目标图像分割为多尺度的超像素图,在每个尺度上引入内容感知的对比度先验、中心位置先验、边界连通背景先验来计算单一尺度上的目标显著值;其次,融合多个尺度的内容感知先验显著值生成一个粗略的显著图;然后,将粗略显著图值作为先验概率,根据颜色直方图和凸包中心先验计算观测似然概率,再使用多尺度贝叶斯模型来获取最终显著目标;最后,使用了3个公开的数据集、5种评估指标、7种现有的方法进行对比实验,结果表明本文方法在显著性目标检测方面具有更好的表现.     

Two-stage salient region detection by exploiting multiple priors

Saliency detection has become a valuable tool for many image processing tasks, like image retargeting, object recognition, and adaptive compression. With the rapid development of the saliency detection methods, people have approved the hypothesis that “the appearance contrast between the salient object and the background is high”, and build their saliency methods on some priors that explain this hypothesis. However, these methods are not satisfactory enough. We propose a two-stage salient region detection method. The input image is first segmented into superpixels. In the first stage, two measures which measure the isolation and distribution of each superpixel are proposed, we consider that both of these two measures are important for finding the salient regions, thus the image-feature-based saliency map is obtained by combining the two measures. Then, in the second stage, we incorporate into the image-feature-based saliency map a location prior map to emphasize the foci of attention. In this algorithm, six priors that explain what is the salient region are exploited. The proposed method is compared with the state-of-the-art saliency detection methods using one of the largest publicly available standard databases, the experimental result indicates that the proposed method has better performance. We also demonstrate how the saliency map of the proposed method can be used to create high quality of initial segmentation masks for subsequent image processing, like Grabcut based salient object segmentation.     

融合颜色特征和对比度特征的图像显著性检测

图像显著性检测能够获取一幅图像的视觉显著性区域,是计算机视觉的研究热点之一。提出一种结合颜色特征和对比度特征的图像显著性检测方法。首先构造图像在HSV空间的颜色函数以获取图像颜色特征;然后使用SLIC超像素分割算法对图像进行预处理,基于超像素块的对比度特征计算图像显著性;最后将融合颜色特征和对比度特征的显著图经过导向滤波优化形成最终的显著图。使用本文算法在公开数据集MSRA-1000上进行图像显著性检测,并与其他6种算法进行比较。实验结果表明本文算法结合了图像像素点和像素块的信息,检测的图像显著性区域轮廓更加完整,优于其他方法。     

基于背景先验与中心先验的显著性目标检测北大核心CSCD

针对传统的图流行排序显著性目标检测算法存在先验信息单一,显著目标检测不完整的问题,提出一种新的基于背景先验与中心先验的显著性目标检测算法。首先将图像边界节点作为背景种子进行流行排序获得粗略的前景区域,将其再次流行排序得到初步显著图;然后利用Harris角点检测、聚类实现中心先验显著性检测,捕获中心显著信息;最后在初步显著图上融合图像中心显著性,得到最终显著图。本文对综合指标、精确率-召回率曲线、F-measure值以及平均绝对误差(mean absolute error,MAE)值进行实验评估,在公开数据集MSRA-10K和ECSSD上进行的实验结果表明:对比10种主流算法,本文算法在不同的评估指标上都具有较好的表现,且能准确地突出显著目标,提升背景抑制效果。     

基于视觉显著性的海面舰船检测技术

海面舰船检测技术有着特殊的军用以及民用意义,为了在宽广且环境复杂多变的海面上快速、高效、精确地检测到舰船目标,本文提出了一种基于多特征、多尺度视觉显著性的海面舰船检测方法.该方法充分利用了四元数图像可在多个通道上同时进行操作,节省操作时间,并保证不同尺度特征之间关联性的特点;除此之外,该方法还利用人眼对不用大小的图像关注目标不同的特点对图像进行尺度大小变换以避免漏检.该方法先用顶帽算法对原图进行简单的图像预处理以抑制云层、油污的干扰;其次提取多种特征构成四元数图像进行舰船目标显著性检测;在得到显著图后利用OTSU分割算法确定舰船所在的区域,并在原图上标定、提取舰船目标.通过在多种海面情况下分别进行实验分析,实验结果表明该算法可以排除云、雾、油污等干扰,精确、快速地检测到舰船目标,真正率达96.52%,虚警率低至2.11%,相较于他显著性检测算法在舰船检测方面有明显的优势.     

3D saliency detection based on background detection

Unlike 2D saliency detection, 3D saliency detection can consider the effects of depth and binocular parallax. In this paper, we propose a 3D saliency detection approach based on background detection via depth information. With the aid of the synergism between a color image and the corresponding depth map, our approach can detect the distant background and surfaces with gradual changes in depth. We then use the detected background to predict the potential characteristics of the background regions that are occluded by foreground objects through polynomial fitting; this step imitates the human imagination/envisioning process. Finally, a saliency map is obtained based on the contrast between the foreground objects and the potential background. We compare our approach with 14 state-of-the-art saliency detection methods on three publicly available databases. The proposed model demonstrates good performance and succeeds in detecting and removing backgrounds and surfaces of gradually varying depth on all tested databases.     

基于无监督栈式降噪自编码网络的显著性检测算法

针对现有的显著性检测算法检测目标类型单一、通用性差的问题,提出一种基于无监督栈式降噪自编码网络的显著性检测算法.该算法利用无监督栈式降噪自编码网络（Stacked Denoising Auto Encoder,SDAE）在多个尺度对原始图像进行稀疏重构,将原始图像与SDAE网络重构图像之间的差作为显著图,二值化后的显著图作为显著性目标检测结果.在SDAE网络训练过程中,将原始图像作为原始数据,网络重构的图像作为观察数据.为了提升网络训练效率,首先利用无监督逐层贪婪方法训练同结构的深度信念网络（Deep Belief Network,DBN）,将训练得到的DBN网络参数设为SDAE网络的初始参数,再计算原始数据与观察数据之间的互信息作为网络收敛代价,利用反向传播进行网络参数微调.实验表明,该网络模型可以完成多类型目标的显著性检测,具有通用性好,准确度高等优点.     

局部和全局特征融合的红外图像显著性检测

为了更好地凸显复杂环境的红外目标特征,提出 一种融合局部和全局特征的红外图像 显著性检测方法。在获取图像超像素的基础上,提取每个区域空间距离加权的邻域对比度特 征,并考虑区域大小和位置的影响,构建局部显著图;然后提取每个区域空间距离加权的全 局灰度特征,构建全局显著图;最后融合局部和全局显著图,实现图像显著性检测。实验结 果 表明,本文方法的显著图结果目标区域一致高亮且边缘清晰,同时背景杂波抑制效果好。无 论 主观评价还是客观指标,本文方法都优于当前流行的图像显著性检测方法。     

基于视觉对比机制的红外弱小目标检测方法

为解决复杂背景下红外弱小目标检测精度低的问题,本文提出一种基于视觉对比机制的红外弱小目标检测方法,算法主要模拟了人眼对目标对比度敏感这一机制。首先利用8向梯度方程提取红外图像的梯度显著图并二值化处理;根据小目标的尺寸大小特征对梯度显著图进行优化处理,剔除孤立的噪声点和尺寸较大的背景梯度显著区域;利用视觉对比机制对优化后的显著图进行局部对比度计算,通过阈值处理剔除虚警目标,完成红外弱小目标检测。仿真实验表明,该算法在低信噪比情况下对红外弱小目标的检测率较高,且虚警率低,单帧检测时间较小。     

图像显著性检测方法解析

图像显著性检测是一种通过对图像颜色、强度、方向等特征进行分析生成图像显著性图的技术。其生成的显著性图可以用于图像分割、图像压缩以及图像识别等图像处理领域,从而改善图像处理的性能。为了对图像显著性检测技术及其发展有一个全面深入的了解,使用文献研究法和比较研究法对其概念及方法进行了探究。针对几种具有代表性的图像显著性检测算法进行了简要的概述和分析,用流程图简明扼要地表示显著性检测算法的基本框架。研究结果显示,图像显著性检测技术的效率在不断提升,算法越来越多样化,在图像处理领域的应用越来越广泛,这些对于图像处理自动化具有重要意义。     

概率框架下多特征显著性检测算法

显著性检测是计算机视觉的一项基础问题,广泛地用于注视点预测、目标检测、场景分类等视觉任务当中.为提升多特征条件下图像的显著性检测精度,以显著图的联合概率分布为基础,结合先验知识,设计一种概率框架下的多特征显著性检测算法.首先分析了单一特征显著性检测的潜在缺陷,继而推导出多特征下显著图的联合概率分布;然后根据显著图的稀有性,稀疏性,紧凑性与中心先验推导出显著图的先验分布,并使用正态分布假设简化了显著图的条件分布;随后根据显著图的联合概率分布得到其极大后验估计,并基于多阈值假设构建了分布参数的有监督学习模型.数据集实验表明：相比于精度最高的单一特征显著性检测方法,多特征算法在有监督和启发式方法下的平均误差降低了6.98%和6.81%,平均F-measure提高了1.19%和1.16%;单幅图像的多特征融合耗时仅为11.8ms.算法精度较高,实时性好,且可根据不同任务选择所需的特征类别与先验信息,能够满足多特征显著性检测的性能要求.     

基于区域增长的遥感影像视觉显著目标快速检测

针对传统视觉注意模型在遥感影像视觉显著区域检测中存在的计算复杂度高、检测精度低等缺点,提出了一种新的视觉显著区域快速检测算法。首先利用整数小波变换降低遥感影像的空间分辨率,从而降低视觉注意焦点检测的计算复杂度;然后在视觉特征融合中引入二维离散矩变换,生成边缘与纹理信息更为丰富的遥感影像显著图;最后在显著图分析中提出区域增长策略来获得视觉显著区域的精确轮廓。实验结果表明,新算法不仅有效降低了遥感影像视觉显著区域检测的计算复杂度,而且能够精确描述视觉显著区域的轮廓信息,同时避免了对整幅遥感影像的分割与特征提取,为今后的遥感影像目标检测提供了一定地参考价值。     

Cluster-Based Saliency-Guided Content-Aware Image Retargeting

Straightforward image resizing operators without considering image contents (e.g., uniform scaling) cannot usually produce satisfactory results, while content-aware image retargeting aims to arbitrarily change image size while preserving visually prominent features. In this paper, a cluster-based saliency-guided seam carving algorithm for content-aware image retargeting is proposed. To cope with the main drawback of the original seam carving algorithm relying on only gradient-based image importance map, we integrate a gradient-based map and a cluster-based saliency map to generate a more reliable importance map, resulting in better single image retargeting results. Experimental results have demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.     

Saliency model-based face segmentation and tracking in head-and-shoulder video sequences

In this paper, a novel face segmentation algorithm is proposed based on facial saliency map (FSM) for head-and-shoulder type video application. This method consists of three stages. The first stage is to generate the saliency map of input video image by our proposed facial attention model. In the second stage, a geometric model and an eye-map built from chrominance components are employed to localize the face region according to the saliency map. The third stage involves the adaptive boundary correction and the final face contour extraction. Based on the segmented result, an effective boundary saliency map (BSM) is then constructed, and applied for the tracking based segmentation of the successive frames. Experimental evaluation on test sequences shows that the proposed method is capable of segmenting the face area quite effectively.     

对象引导的单幅散焦图像深度提取方法

2D图像转3D图像是解决3D影视内容缺乏的主要手段之一,而深度提取是其中的关键步骤.考虑到影视作品中存在大量散焦图像,提出单幅散焦图像深度估计的方法:首先通过高斯卷积将散焦图像转换成两幅模糊程度不同的图像;其次计算这两幅图像在边缘处的梯度幅值比例,进而根据阶跃信号与镜头的卷积模型得到边缘处的模糊度;再次将边缘处的模糊度转换成图像的稀疏深度并利用拉普拉斯矩阵插值得到稠密深度图;最后通过图像的视觉显著度提取前景对象,建立对象引导的深度图优化能量模型,使前景的深度趋于一致并平滑梯度较小区域的深度.该方法利用对象引导的深度优化,剔除了拉普拉斯矩阵插值引入深度图的纹理信息.模拟图像的峰值信噪比和真实图像的视觉对比均表明该算法比现有方法有较大改善.     

Bayesian salient object detection based on saliency driven clustering

Salient object detection is essential for applications, such as image classification, object recognition and image retrieval. In this paper, we design a new approach to detect salient objects from an image by describing what does salient objects and backgrounds look like using statistic of the image. First, we introduce a saliency driven clustering method to reveal distinct visual patterns of images by generating image clusters. The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is applied to represent the statistic of each cluster, which is used to compute the color spatial distribution. Second, three kinds of regional saliency measures, i.e, regional color contrast saliency, regional boundary prior saliency and regional color spatial distribution, are computed and combined. Then, a region selection strategy integrating color contrast prior, boundary prior and visual patterns information of images is presented. The pixels of an image are divided into either potential salient region or background region adaptively based on the combined regional saliency measures. Finally, a Bayesian framework is employed to compute the saliency value for each pixel taking the regional saliency values as priority. Our approach has been extensively evaluated on two popular image databases. Experimental results show that our approach can achieve considerable performance improvement in terms of commonly adopted performance measures in salient object detection.