一种自清洁防黏附防结冰涂料的研制

开发的自清洁防黏附防结冰涂料选用四氟型氟碳树脂为成膜物质,添加功能性纳米疏水材料和疏水助剂,以HDI三聚体为固化剂,固化后涂层有优异的疏水效果。涂层性能测试结果表明,该涂料自清洁效果良好,防黏附效果显著,具有良好的疏水性及防结冰性。     

铜基超疏水表面的电沉积法制备及其耐蚀性能研究

采用电沉积(ED)方法在铜基上制得了由微球和微孔构成的微米级粗糙表面,用过硫酸钾和氢氧化钠的混合溶液处理后,在镀层上形成了Cu(OH)2纳米条/CuO微球的微纳米粗糙结构,再经过氟硅烷修饰得到超疏水表面。表面的静态接触角(CA)最大达到了158.5°。在3.5%(wt)的NaCl溶液中用三电极体系测得了实验制备的超疏水表面的极化曲线,腐蚀电位比光滑铜表面正移了23 mV,腐蚀电流降低了2个数量级,缓蚀效率高达97.7%。为超疏水表面的实用性探索提供基础。     

面向陶瓷表面自清洁和防覆冰应用的耐候性石墨烯超疏水涂层制备

超疏水涂层应用广泛,尤其在解决陶瓷表面自清洁、防覆冰等方面具有重要的应用价值。本文采用石墨烯与甲基硅树脂为主要原料制备超疏水涂料,结合喷涂和热处理技术在陶瓷基体表面制备了石墨烯超疏水涂层。实验对该涂层的显微结构和基团组成进行测试分析,探究了石墨烯超疏水涂层的自清洁性能和防覆冰功能,并通过长期户外实验,考察涂层的耐候性。结果表明：当甲基硅树脂溶液添加量为150μL、热处理温度为200℃时,制备的石墨烯涂层具备最佳的超疏水性能。采用该超疏水涂层修饰的陶瓷表面,具备优异的自清洁和防覆冰功能,以及长期户外耐候性。     

基于超疏水原理的自清洁表面研究进展及产业化状况

简要介绍了超疏水表面的自清洁原理及制备方法。从能否量产和自清洁稳定与否角度出发,指出了超疏水自清洁表面存在的问题。概括了当前超疏水自清洁表面的产业化状况,对其未来发展作了展望。     

自清洁型超疏水铜网的制备及其油水分离性能

利用碱液氧化法在铜网上生长纳米针状粗糙结构,并枝接具有pH响应性的低表面能长链硫醇分子,制备了空气中超疏水超亲油、碱性溶液中超亲水水下超疏油金属铜网。对改性金属网的表面结构、接触角、粘附力等性能进行表征。结果表明,亲水硫醇分子所占比例为20%时,改性铜网在空气中水的接触角为154.12°,粘附力为0.025 mN,对油的接触角为0°,改性铜网表面油滴在pH为12的溶液中能够自动脱附,针对不同种类油滴的油水混合物进行分离,分离效率在95%左右,并且重复使用10次后分离效率依然保持在90%以上。     

超疏水表面润湿性能研究

润湿性能是固体表面的重要特征之一,具有特殊润湿性和可控润湿性材料因其巨大的应用潜力而成为人们关注的热点。介绍超疏水状态下Wenzel和Cassie-Baxter两种接触角模型及其相互关系,讨论了微纳米结构对疏水表面接触角的影响,总结了近年来超疏水表面制备技术的研究进展,并展望了超疏水表面润湿理论研究前景。     

飞机超疏水表面的防冰性能研究进展

对飞机表面超疏水材料的防冰性能最新研究进展进行了综述。首先对固体表面润湿性、超疏水性及防冰性之间的关系进行了论述,系统介绍了过冷水在超疏水表面的撞击过程。由于超疏水表面的低表面自由能及表面微纳结构,过冷水能够在撞击固体表面凝结成冰前从固体表面脱落,有效延长其结冰时间。还对超疏水表面在防冰应用中存在的问题进行了分析,指出发展具有多功能复合型超疏水表面是以后研究的重点。     

飞机超疏水表面的防冰性能研究进展

对飞机表面超疏水材料的防冰性能最新研究进展进行了综述。首先对固体表面润湿性、超疏水性及防冰性之间的关系进行了论述,系统介绍了过冷水在超疏水表面的撞击过程。由于超疏水表面的低表面自由能及表面微纳结构,过冷水能够在撞击固体表面凝结成冰前从固体表面脱落,有效延长其结冰时间。还对超疏水表面在防冰应用中存在的问题进行了分析,指出发展具有多功能复合型超疏水表面是以后研究的重点。     

盐酸刻蚀制备铝合金超疏水表面的工艺及自清洁性研究

采用盐酸刻蚀法制备超疏水铝合金表面。用接触角仪、粗糙度仪和扫描电镜对疏水性、表面粗糙度(Ra)和微观形貌进行分析。研究了盐酸浓度、刻蚀时间、刻蚀温度以及长链烷烃酸对疏水性能的影响。结果表明,随着盐酸浓度、刻蚀时间、刻蚀温度的增加,铝合金表面粗糙度增加,而接触角先增大后减小。当刻蚀酸浓度为3 mol/L,刻蚀时间为20 min,刻蚀温度为25℃时,效果最佳,经过0.01 mol/L硬脂酸溶液改性后,接触角高达156°。采用长链烷烃酸对表面进行改性,随着烷烃酸碳链的增加,接触角略有增加。超疏水铝合金表面具有较好的自清洁性能。     

盐酸刻蚀制备铝合金超疏水表面的工艺及自清洁性研究

采用盐酸刻蚀法制备超疏水铝合金表面。用接触角仪、粗糙度仪和扫描电镜对疏水性、表面粗糙度(Ra)和微观形貌进行分析。研究了盐酸浓度、刻蚀时间、刻蚀温度以及长链烷烃酸对疏水性能的影响。结果表明,随着盐酸浓度、刻蚀时间、刻蚀温度的增加,铝合金表面粗糙度增加,而接触角先增大后减小。当刻蚀酸浓度为3 mol/L,刻蚀时间为20 min,刻蚀温度为25℃时,效果最佳,经过0.01 mol/L硬脂酸溶液改性后,接触角高达156°。采用长链烷烃酸对表面进行改性,随着烷烃酸碳链的增加,接触角略有增加。超疏水铝合金表面具有较好的自清洁性能。     

Fabrication of superhydrophobic TiO2 quadrangular nanorod film with self-cleaning,anti-icing properties

Superhydrophobic TiO₂ quadrangular nanorod film was fabricated by hydrothermal reaction and stearic acid modification. X-ray diffractometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer were employed to characterize the surface crystal structures and chemical compositions of the superhydrophobic TiO₂ film, respectively. The effects of the titanium source (titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP)) amount and reaction time on the morphology and wettability of the TiO₂ film were studied by scanning electron microscope and contact angle meter. The results show that the diameter of the TiO₂ quadrangular nanorods increases and then the water contact angle on modified TiO₂ film decreases with the increase of the reaction time and TTIP amount. Moreover, when the TTIP amount is 0.3?mL and solvent is 30?mL, the wetted state of the superhydrophobic TiO₂ film surface conforms to an improved Cassie model. Besides, the superhydrophobic TiO₂ film shows good low adhesion, self-cleaning and anti-icing properties. Particularly, the anti-icing property decreases with the increase of the reaction time and TTIP amount.     

Fabrication of robust self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating by deposition of polymer layer on candle soot surface

A facile and inexpensive way have been developed to fabricate robust self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating by depositing polymer layer on candle soot (CS) surface using dip coating method. The stability and robustness of the CS deposited superhydrophobic surface is much weaker due to weak interaction and nonchemical bonding with the substrate. We introduced a thin layer of polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), and polyvinylidene fluoride on CS surface in order to improve its mechanical properties. The fabricated surfaces with the use of respective polymers exhibited water contact angles of nearly 170, 174, 175, and 171° with sliding angles of 2, 1, 1, and 3°, respectively. Although, all the polymers used in this work exhibited excellent superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surface property, we found that the PP deposited CS surface exhibit better stability against water jet hitting and water drop impact tests. The PP deposited CS surface almost maintained their surface properties even after 50 cycles of sandpaper abrasion and 20 cycles of adhesive tape peeling tests. The mechanical durability tests confirmed that PP is a better polymer to improve the long-term durability of CS surface. Therefore, this simple, time saving, and inexpensive method for fabricating superhydrophobic coating can be used for potential industrial application.     

基于水热处理的镁合金超疏水表面制备及其腐蚀防护性能研究

为了改善镁合金表面较差的耐腐蚀性能,对镁合金表面依次进行了水热处理和低表面能物质修饰处理,并利用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、接触角测量仪对其表面形貌、表面组成和表面润湿行为进行了研究。结果表明,经水热处理后,镁合金表面生产了一层结构粗糙的氢氧化镁,经低表面能物质修饰之后,接触角可达158.5°,滚动角8°,显示出优异的超疏水性。电化学测试结果表明,制备的超疏水表明腐蚀防护性能优异。     

Fabrication of superhydrophobic self-cleaning manganese dioxide coatings on Mg alloys inspired by lotus flower

Superhydrophobicity is evolutionarily adaptive to surrounding environment. Lotus flower is naturally occurring superhydrophobicity. Artificial self-cleaning materials function effectively on superhydrophobic surfaces so that water droplets bead up and roll off the surface taking the contamination particles away. Inspired by lotus flower, we have fabricated superhydrophobic Mg alloy surfaces using manganese dioxide (MnO₂) microspheres encased in stearic acid shells. The prepared superhydrophobic Mg alloy surface provides exceptional self-cleaning ability in air and oil, and remains non-wetting even after dynamic water shear, or exposure to strong acid, strong base, and saline solutions as well as organic solvents showing excellent mechanochemical durability, with broad application prospect.     

碳黑/PDMS超疏水涂层的制备及防冰性能 (急)

固体表面冰的形成和累积引起了一系列的安全问题同时造成了巨大的经济损失。因此，防冰对减少冰灾和经济损失具有重要意义。通过喷涂方法在基质上喷涂碳黑纳米粒子、聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS)以及十七氟葵基三乙氧基硅烷 (PFDTES)的混合液制备了一种具有防冰性能的碳黑/PDMS超疏水涂层。碳黑使涂层具有微纳粗糙结构，PDMS作为粘合剂增加涂层的牢度，PFDTES赋予表面较低的表面能。所制备的涂层具有优异的超疏水性能，使水滴在表面结冰的时间延迟到160 s，是普通玻璃结冰时间的5倍多。同时，冰的粘附强度也大大的减小。此外，涂层还展现出优异的自清洁性能、耐酸、碱、盐腐蚀和耐紫外灯照射性能。     

防覆冰超疏水涂料的研究与进展

介绍了常用的防覆冰技术(涂撒防结冰剂、机械除冰、热力除冰、自然被动除冰和其他除冰技术),综述了防覆冰原理、超疏水表面和防覆冰超疏水性涂层(纳米复合材料等超疏水涂料)的研究进展。最后对防覆冰超疏水性涂层的制备进行了概括,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

A rapid one-step process for fabrication of superhydrophobic surface by electrodeposition method

Superhydrophobic surfaces are commonly prepared by a combination of low surface energy materials and micro/nano structures. In this work, a rapid one-step electrodepositing process is developed to fabricate superhydrophobic cathodic surface by copper plate in an electrolytic solution containing nickel chloride(NiCl₂·6H₂O), myristic acid and ethanol. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contact angle measurement have been performed to characterize the morphological features, chemical composition and superhydrophobicity property. The results demonstrate that the micro/nano scales cauliflower-like structure are composed of Ni crystals and Ni[CH₃(CH₂)₁₂COO]₂ crystals. The maximum contact angle is about 164° and rolling angle is less than 2°. The needed electrolytic time is largely shortened to 1 min. This method is rapid, easy and effective, and it will have great prospects for industrial applications.