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采用水浴振荡法,研究了振荡速度、催化剂粒径、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸活性的影响,得出了Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸的优化条件。结果表明,在振荡速度为200 r/min、内/外扩散影响消除的条件下,将1.0 g150~180μm的Pd/AC催化剂与100 mL浓度为0.1 mol/L的甲酸水溶液进行分解反应,发现最佳反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min,Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸的分解率可达到95%,在此优化条件下,Pd/AC催化剂对含甲酸的工业废水的分解率达80%。 相似文献
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采用水浴振荡法,研究了振荡速度、催化剂粒径、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸活性的影响,得出了Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸的优化条件.结果表明,在振荡速度为200 r/min、内/外扩散影响消除的条件下,将1.0 g 150~180 μm的Pd/AC催化剂与100 mL浓度为0.1 mol/L的甲酸水溶液进行分解反应,发现最佳反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min,Pd/AC催化剂催化分解甲酸的分解率可达到95%,在此优化条件下,Pd/AC催化剂对含甲酸的工业废水的分解率达80%. 相似文献
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延长Pd/C催化剂使用寿命 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文围绕延缓Pd/C催化剂中Pd晶粒的烧结及减少Cu、Fe等离子对催化剂的污染的原理方面进行了工艺实验 ,提出了在使用初期 ,采取比原来值高的H2 供应量 ;中期控制在设计范围内 ;在使用后期 ,特别是超过设计寿命时 ,采取强化工艺 ,提高H2 分压 ,有效地保护Pd晶粒的活性中心 ,以延缓Pd/C催化剂中的Pd烧结及减少杂质离子的污染。并对受到污染而活性下降的Pd/C催化剂用碱洗恢复活性的方法进行了有关实验 ,常温下先用 2 0 %NaOH溶液浸泡 4h ,再用 5 %NaOH溶液浸泡 4h ,即能够有效地去除污染物 ,恢复催化剂的活性。延缓Pd/C催化剂中的Pd烧结和碱洗均能延长Pd/C催化剂使用寿命 相似文献
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分别以硼氢化钠和乙二醇为还原剂,经络合还原法制备了炭载钯(Pd/C)催化剂。透射电镜(TEM)和X射线粉末衍射谱(XRD)结果表明,以乙二醇为还原剂制备的Pd/C催化剂中Pd粒子具有较小的粒径、均匀的粒径分布和较大的相对结晶度,Pd粒子的平均粒径和相对结晶度分别为4.2±2 nm和1.88。电化学测试结果显示,以乙二醇为还原剂制备的Pd/C催化剂具有较大的电化学活性面积,对甲酸氧化表现出较高的电催化活性和稳定性。 相似文献
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Molybdenum oxide (MoOx) was added to a Pd/C catalyst using a novel two-step procedure. The enhancement effect of MoOx on Pd/C catalyst for the electrooxidation of formic acid was verified by electrochemical experiments. Compared to the Pd/C catalyst, the experimental results showed that the addition of MoOx could significantly enhance the electrocatalytic performances for the electrooxidation of formic acid. Significant improvements in electrocatalytic activity and stability were primarily ascribed to the effect of MoOx on the Pd catalyst. In addition to the large specific surface area, the hydrogen spillover effect is speculated to have accelerated the electrooxidation rate of formic acid in the direct pathway. 相似文献
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Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of an ultrafine Pd/C catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
An ultrafine Pd/C catalyst with a uniformly sized and highly dispersed nanostructure was synthesized by an improved liquid phase reduction method; in this process, a complexone (trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, CyDTA) was used as an alternative stabilizer for the first time. Physicochemical characterizations indicated that the resulting Pd nanoparticles possessed ideal structural characteristics, including an average diameter of 2.1 nm, narrow size distribution ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 nm, no visible agglomerations, and no residual CyDTA. Electrochemical tests showed that the catalytic activity of the obtained Pd/C catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation was 2.2 times greater than that of Pd/C catalyst prepared in the absence of CyDTA. This improvement in the electrocatalytic performance was attributed to the uniformly sized and highly dispersed nanostructure, which provided a larger overall electrochemical active surface area. 相似文献
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It has been found that ethylene and propylene could be effectively hydrogenated by formic acid vapour over a Pd/carbon catalyst at low temperatures (<440 K). Surface hydrogen formation from formic acid is the rate-determining step for this hydrogenation reaction. Interaction of this hydrogen with the olefins is then fast. The conversion of formic acid in the presence of either of the olefins at any temperature is higher than in their absence. This has been explained by a much lower surface hydrogen concentration in the presence of the olefins. Direct experiments have confirmed that hydrogen inhibits the formic acid decomposition. Water vapour addition has a small positive effect on the decomposition of formic acid as well as on the hydrogenation of the olefins with formic acid. Catalysts consisting of gold supported on carbon or titania are both active in the production of hydrogen from formic acid. However, in contrast to the Pd/C catalyst, neither gives hydrogenation of the olefins with this acid. 相似文献
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The highly dispersed and ultrafine carbon-supported Pd nanoparticles (Pd/C) catalyst is synthesized by using an improved precipitation–reduction method, which involves in PdII → PdO·H2O → Pd0 reaction path. In the method, palladium oxide hydrate (PdO·H2O) nanoparticles (NPs) with high dispersion is obtained easily by adjusting solution pH in the presence of 1,4-butylenediphosphonic acid (H2O3P-(CH2)4-PO3H2, BDPA). After NaBH4 reduction, the resulting Pd/C catalyst possesses high dispersion and small particle size. As a result, the electrochemical measurements indicate that the resulting Pd/C catalyst exhibits significantly high electrochemical active surface area and high electrocatalytic performance for formic acid electrooxidation compared with that prepared by general NaBH4 reduction method. 相似文献
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A new carbon-supported PdNi (PdNi/C) catalyst is prepared by a simple simultaneous reduction reaction with sodium borohydride in glycol solution. The results show that the performance of PdNi/C catalyst for formic acid oxidation is greatly improved compared with that of Pd/C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that Ni exists in the catalyst both as NiO and as PdNi alloy. The value of the apparent activation energy shows that the activity of formic acid oxidation on the PdNi/C is more sensitive to temperature compared with Pd/C. 相似文献
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In this article, Pd nanoparticles supported on carbon-modified rutile TiO2 (CMRT) as a highly efficient catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation were investigated. Pd/CMRT catalyst was synthesized by using liquid phase reduction method in which Pd nanoparticles was loaded on the surface of CMRT obtained through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Pd/CMRT shows three times the catalytic activity of Pd/C, as well as better catalytic stability towards formic acid electrooxidation. The enhanced catalytic property of Pd/CMRT mainly arises from the improved electronic conductivity of carbon-modified rutile TiO2, the dilated lattice constant of Pd nanoparticles, an increasing of surface steps and kinks in the microstructure of Pd nanoparticles and slightly better tolerance to the adsorption of poisonous intermediates. 相似文献
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甲酸是一种很有前途的化学储氢材料,可作为低温液体燃料电池的直接燃料。钯基催化剂作为直接甲酸燃料电池(DFAFC)阳极材料,对甲酸氧化具有良好的催化活性,能克服一氧化碳的毒化,在甲酸电化学氧化反应中主要按直接途径进行。降低贵金属含量、提高催化活性、提升稳定性是当前钯基催化材料研究领域的主要方向。主要介绍了当前研究中钯催化剂对甲酸电氧化的催化机理,综述了近5 a的钯合金催化剂制备、特殊形貌控制、碳负载对甲酸氧化活性增强的研究,对钯基催化剂的持续开发具有实际应用意义。 相似文献
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