Cu含量对Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-0.6Mn薄板成形性及烤漆硬化性的影响

采用拉伸、杯突实验结合DSC分析系统研究了Cu含量对汽车车身用Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si-(0.1~0.7)Cu-0.6Mn合金T4态薄板各类成形性指标及模拟烤漆处理后性能变化的影响规律.结果表明:随着Cu含量增加,T4态合金板材的强度单调增大,n值呈现出略有增大的趋势,延伸率、r值变化规律不明显,IE值单调下降,板材的拉胀成形性能变差;随着Cu含量增加,T4态合金板材烤漆前后的强度均单调增大,但合金板材模拟烤漆后表现出烤漆软化现象,且其软化量随Cu含量增加而逐渐增大,说明Cu含量增加不利于铝板烘烤硬化性能的发挥.     

Cu含量对7xxx系铝合金力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响

文章以添加不同Cu含量(wt.%)(1.4%～2.6%)的Al-Zn-Mg-xCu-Ce-Zr合金为研究对象,通过OM、TEM以及室温拉伸、剥落腐蚀、电化学腐蚀等实验,研究Cu元素对铝合金组织及性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着Cu含量的增加,合金晶内析出相的平均尺寸先减小后增大,合金的力学性能呈先升高后降低的趋势,抗腐蚀性能逐渐降低。当Cu含量为2.2%时,合金晶内析出相的平均尺寸最小且表现出最高的力学性能;当Cu含量为1.4%时,合金表现出最佳的综合性能,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为682MPa、605MPa和13.8%;腐蚀电流密度为1.496×10^-5A/cm²。     

含Mn合金相对T4态Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu铝合金板材性能的影响

通过改变Mn含量以调控Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中含Mn合金相粒子尺寸及数量,基此,进一步研究含Mn合金相粒子尺寸和数量对T4态合金板材再结晶晶粒、强度、塑性、应变强化指数（n）值、塑性应变比（r）值及杯突值（IE）的影响,揭示了含Mn合金相粒子组态对T4态合金板材冲压成形性的作用机制,并优化出汽车车身用Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中的最佳Mn含量及相应的最佳含Mn合金相粒子的体积分数。结果表明,Mn在T4态Al-0.35Mg-1.62Si-0.2Cu合金板材中主要以3～4μm的α-Al(FeMnCr)Si过剩结晶相粒子和200～500 nm的α-Al(FeMnCr)Si弥散相粒子形式存在。当Mn含量由<0.001%增加至1.23%,两种尺度合金相粒子尺寸无明显变化,但其体积分数分别从0.08%和0.05%增加至3.70%和5.23%,合金板材的再结晶晶粒从36.13μm逐渐细化至15.42μm。合金板材的强度先降低后增大,0.2%～15%塑性变形范围内的应变强化指数（n15）值和塑性变形量为15%时的塑性应变比（r15）值先增大...     

镧含量对钼镧合金厚板的高温力学性能的影响

钼镧合金粉中的镧含量对于钼镧合金的质量有着重要影响,严重影响着后续产品的加工性能。因此,研究镧含量对于钼镧合金板力学性能的影响具有重要的意义。试验选用了3种不同镧含量的钼合金,经过"压制-烧结-轧制"的办法,加工出厚度为3.5 mm的钼镧合金板,然后对这些合金板材进行高温拉伸试验,确定出不同镧含量的合金板材在700℃下的力学性能,从而研究镧含量对于钼镧合金板材力学性能的影响。结果表明,镧含量为0.93%的板材,在700℃时的塑性和强度相对较好,且随着镧含量的增加,板材在高温下表现出的塑性也越来越好。     

Cu含量对Al-Mn合金板材激光焊接热影响区晶界液化的影响

通过高温热处理试验、金相观察等,研究了Cu含量对Al-Mn合金板材激光焊接热影响区晶界液化的影响。结果表明,增加Cu的含量,Al-Mn合金板材在受热时易于出现晶界液化;试验条件下,Cu含量达0.45%时,出现显著的晶界液化现象;微观组织观察表明,随着Cu含量的增加,Al-Mn合金板材在受热时晶界上将形成富Cu的低熔点相液膜,使得易于产生液化裂纹。     

Cu对牙科用Ti-10Zr合金组织和耐磨性能的影响

采用WS-4型非自耗电弧炉制备了含Cu的牙科用Ti-10Zr-xCu合金系,通过物相分析、显微组织观察、硬度和磨损性能测试等手段,研究Cu元素对牙科用Ti-10Zr合金组织和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,该系列合金由α主相和少量的β相组成,随Cu含量的增加,合金中β相比例增大,且细晶强化作用逐渐加强。合金的维氏硬度从230 MPa增加到290 MPa,比Ti-10Zr合金高5%～26%。同时,随Cu含量增加,合金粘着磨损、磨粒磨损作用逐渐减弱,耐磨性显著提高。当铜含量为3%时,合金具有最好的综合力学性能。     

注射成形生物可降解Fe-Mn合金的制备及性能

作为生物可降解材料,Fe-Mn合金具备良好的力学性能和生物相容性,受到广泛关注。本文采用注射成形制备Fe-x Mn(x=25,30,35,质量分数,下同)合金,研究烧结时间对Fe-Mn合金显微组织、力学性能和体外静态降解性能的影响。研究表明:烧结时间对Fe-Mn合金相组成无明显影响,而Mn含量影响合金的相组成,Fe-35Mn合金主要由奥氏体组成。注射成形Fe-Mn合金平均晶粒尺寸约为10～20μm,表面Mn损失约为5.8%～10.82%。烧结时间为7 h时,Fe-35Mn合金力学性能最佳,抗拉强度达到358 MPa,伸长率为10.83%,体外静态浸泡降解实验显示,该合金浸泡一天降解速率为1 mm/y,且随腐蚀产物堆积而逐渐降低。     

改善GH99合金板材力学性能的研究

GH99合金是时效强化型高温合金，其γ′相的含量决定了力学性能的水平，而合金的Al、Ti含量和板材固溶后的冷却速度是决定γ′相的含量的主要因素。另外，板材晶粒度的大小在一定程度上也会影响其力学性能。本文作者通过对这些原理的研究，摸索出了改善GH99舍金板材力学性能的措施：控制Al=2．0～2．1％、Ti=1．2～1．3％，晶粒度为5～6级；若Al、Ti含量超过这个范围，调整板材的固溶冷却速度和晶粒度可以改善合金的力学性能。     

铜含量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Yb超强铝合金组织与性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备Al-Zn-Mg-xCu-Zr-Cr-Yb超强铝合金,通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察以及晶间腐蚀、剥落腐蚀与应力腐蚀等实验,研究Cu含量(0.8%~2.2%,质量分数)对该合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:随Cu含量降低,合金的残余结晶相数量减少,力学性能提高,抗腐蚀性能先升高后降低。当Cu含量为1.3%时,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Cr-Yb合金的综合性能最佳,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为720.7 MPa,704.2 MPa和9.1%;应力腐蚀指数ISSRT=0.031。     

T4态Al-Mg-Si合金板材的预时效工艺研究

采用硬度和电导率测定结合TEM/EDS组织分析研究了预时效温度及预时效时间对T4态Al-1.3Si-1.2Mg-0.6Cu合金板材成形性能、室温停放稳定性及烤漆硬化性的影响.结果表明:能同时有效改善该合金T4态板材的成形性、室温停放过程中的组织性能稳定性及烤漆硬化性的最佳预时效工艺为190℃左右保温约8 min.当预时效温度高于190℃或预时效时间过长,将不利于合金板材成形性的改善;若预时效温度低于190℃或预时效时间过短,则不利于合金板材预时效处理后的室温停放稳定性及烤漆硬化性的发挥.     

The Effect of Cu Powder During Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA3003-H18

Friction stir welding (FSW) was used to join 3003-H18 non-heat-treatable aluminum alloy plates by adding copper powder. The copper powder was first added to the gap (0.1 and 0.2 mm) between two plates and then the FSW was performed. The specimens were joined at various rotational speeds of 800, 1000, and 1200 rpm at traveling speeds of 70 and 100 mm/min. The effects of rotational speed, second pass of FSW, and direction of second pass also were studied on copper particle distribution and formation of Al-Cu intermetallic compounds in the stir zone. The second pass of FSW was carried out in two ways; in line with the first pass direction (2F) and in the reverse direction of the first pass (FB). The microstructure, mechanical properties, and formation of intermetallic compounds type were investigated. In high copper powder compaction into the gap, large clusters were formed in the stir zone, while fine clusters and sound copper particles distribution were obtained in low powder compaction. The copper particle distribution and amount of Al-Cu intermetallic compounds were increased in the stir zone with increasing the rotational speed and applying the second pass. Al₂Cu and AlCu intermetallic phases were formed in the stir zone and consequently the hardness was significantly increased. The copper particles and in situ intermetallic compounds were symmetrically distributed in both advancing and retreating sides of weld zone after FB passes. Thus, the wider area was reinforced by the intermetallic compounds. Also, the tensile test specimens tend to fracture from the coarse copper aggregation at the low rotational speeds. At high rotational speeds, the fracture locations are placed in HAZ and TMAZ.     

微合金化对电子封装用高硅铝合金微观组织与性能的影响

采用快速凝固-粉末冶金法制备电子封装用高硅铝合金（Al-50 %Si）,研究添加单质Cu粉对微观组织、力学性能和热物理性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）等手段,分析Cu含量（0~2 %）对微观组织和相组成的影响,并建立与力学性能和热物理性能之间的关系.结果表明:当Cu含量不高于1 %时,高硅铝合金微观组织中Si相尺寸和形貌改变不明显;拉伸强度和抗弯强度均随着Cu含量增加而迅速上升,并在2 %Cu时达到极大值268.4 MPa和422.6 MPa,相对于合金化前提高44.9 %和46.7 %;Cu含量对合金热膨胀系数（CTE）的影响不明显,但是基体中细小的Al₂Cu相不利于导热性能（热导率下降7.5 %）.综上,电子封装用高硅铝合金中添加1 %Cu时,可以在基本保持原有组织和热物理性能的情况下,提高强度20 %以上.      

A New Criterion for Prediction of Hot Tearing Susceptibility of Cast Alloys

A new criterion for prediction of hot tearing susceptibility of cast alloys is suggested which takes into account the effects of both important mechanical and metallurgical factors and is believed to be less sensitive to the presence of volume defects such as bifilms and inclusions. The criterion was validated by studying the hot tearing tendency of Al-Cu alloy. In conformity with the experimental results, the new criterion predicted reduction of hot tearing tendency with increasing the copper content.     

Effect of sintering conditions on the structure and mechanical properties of P/M aluminum base alloys

Conclusions A magnesium addition promotes densification of Al-Cu alloy specimens sintered for short periods of time in the range 595–635C. Longer sintering at 615 and 635C results in higher specimen porosity. At a temperature above 595C Al-Cu alloys experience severe coarsening. Alloying with magnesium does not significantly affect the structure of the alloys. A magnesium addition improves the mechanical properties of an Al-Cu alloy. The extent to which magnesium alters the mechanical characteristics of heat-treated Al-Cu alloys depends on sintering conditions. The highest strength — 340 MPa and =6% — is exhibited by specimens sintered for 45 min at 595C.Deceased.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 9(297), pp. 29–34, September, 1987.     

Mn含量对粉末冶金铁铜碳低合金钢组织与力学性能的影响

采用铜粉、石墨粉和铁粉为原料,以Fe-74.8Mn-6.9C中间合金粉的形式加入Mn元素,制备粉末冶金Fe-x Mn-(2-x)Cu-0.3C(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1。质量分数,%)低合金钢,研究Mn含量对该合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,合金组织由铁素体和珠光体构成。加入含Mn中间合金粉对混合原料粉末的压制性能没有明显影响。随Mn含量增加,合金中孔隙的数量增多,尺寸变大;合金密度先升高后降低,Mn含量为0.4%时合金密度最大,达到7.24 g/cm~3;合金硬度先升高后降低,Mn含量为0.6%时硬度最大;合金抗弯强度下降,冲击韧性升高,Mn含量超过0.4%时二者变化均较小。因此Fe-0.6Mn-1.4Cu-0.3C合金具有较好的综合性能,硬度(HRB)和冲击韧性分别达到57.4和8.80 J/cm~2,比Fe-2Cu-0.3C合金分别提高5.3和0.82 J/cm~2,材料呈部分韧性断裂特征。     

780 MPa级冷成型用热连轧回火钢板的工业化生产

 抗拉强度780 MPa级冷成型用热连轧高强钢在工程起重机和混凝土泵车上得到了广泛使用。为进一步改善此种高强钢的力学性能与使用性能,对其热轧卷开平后的横切钢板在热连轧带钢热处理线进行回火热处理。对回火钢板的力学性能、焊接性能、压型性能和显微组织进行检验与分析。结果表明：热轧钢板经回火热处理后,钢板强度和硬度有明显提高,冲击韧性与伸长率略有降低,横向与纵向力学性能差异减小;焊后失强率降低,焊接接头力学性能得到改善;压型性能得到极大改善。在微观结构上,回火后钢板的组织类型无显著改变,但部分铁素体晶粒长大、粗化,回火后铁素体中位错密度降低,近等轴位错胞状结构增多,而固溶Ti、Nb、Mo元素以（Ti,Nb,Mo）C形式继续析出,产生沉淀硬化。     

热拉拔工艺对AZ61镁合金丝材组织与性能的影响

采用自制热拉拔装置将AZ61镁合金粗挤压棒材拉拔成丝,研究拉拔温度、道次变形量等热拉拔工艺对单道次拉拔后丝材组织、力学性能的影响规律,并对拉拔过程中断丝情况进行统计,确定能够实现稳定热拉拔的工艺参数范围.结果表明,当道次变形量为15%时,随着温度的升高,丝材中的孪晶组织逐渐减少,强度逐渐降低,延伸率逐渐升高,丝材在350℃时发生动态再结晶.当拉拔温度一定时,随着道次变形量的增加,丝材的加工硬化程度增加,强度、硬度升高,延伸率下降.但当拉拔温度为300℃,道次变形量增加到25%时,丝材发生动态再结晶,使强度硬度下降,延伸率升高.过高的拉拔温度和道次变形量会使丝材发生断裂,随着温度的提高,丝材所能承受的最大变形量逐渐减小.     

Application of Lanthanum in High Strength and High

China is quite poor in argent resource. Roughly 80% of this industrial argent is imported every year. In order to improve the situation, we took advantage of rare earth (RE) mineral resource and successfully developed the non-argent Lanthanum-tellurium-copper alloy as a substitute for industry argent-copper. In our research, we were able to successfully apply rare earth lanthanum to copper alloy. The defects as porosity, inclusion, etc. originating from nonvacuum melting processing were controlled. Fine grain was obtained. Meanwhile, the comprehensive properties of the copper alloy, such as strength, conductivity and thermal conductivity were improved. The research results in increasing conductivity and thermal conductivity by 5% and 15%, respectively, while the tensile strength is increased by 6% higher than Ag-Cu alloy. The anti-electric corrosion property is good, and there is no argent-cadmium steam population originating from the electric arc effect. The addition of lanthanum further reduces the content of oxygen and hydrogen.The optimum quantity of the addition of RE lanthanum in the copper alloy is 0.010%～0.020%.     

液相烧结制备电力开关用W-7Cu-xNi合金微观组织及性能分析

为了提高电力开关用W-7Cu合金的综合性能,通过添加Ni元素方式对其进行加强,以液相烧结、机械球磨方式制备得到包含不同Ni含量的W-Cu合金。通过实验测试手段对其微观组织及物理性能进行了施压测试分析。研究结果表明：逐渐提高Ni含量后,形成了更大尺寸W颗粒,相邻颗粒间距降低。W-Cu-4%Ni合金界面形成更优润湿角,获得具有连续网状分布的Cu相,改善了W-Cu组织的分布均匀性,此时Ni元素已经完全与Cu相相溶。当Ni含量提高后,W-Cu合金获得了更大的硬度与致密度,热导率下降,相对密度增加。当加入4%的Ni时,致密度达到了95.6%,热导率从161 W/(m·K)降低为96.4 W/(m·K),获得了致密度更大合金。     

压力容器用特厚13MnNiMoR钢种的研制

阐述了70～100mm特厚压力容器用13MnNiMoR钢板在南阳汉冶特钢采用100t转炉—模铸—3800mm轧机—热处理的工艺研制开发过程。通过合理地确定化学成分、冶炼和浇铸工艺、轧制及热处理工艺,最终确保了70～100mm厚13MnNiMoR保一级探伤、保力学性能的成功研制,并实现了批量化生产。