Comparative Study of Fatty Acid Composition,Total Phenolics,and Antioxidant Capacity in Rapeseed Mutant Lines

There is limited variability within rapeseed germplasm in Morocco. Induced mutation was recently used to generate novel genetic variability and develop mutant lines combining desirable traits. In this context, nine promising advanced rapeseed M₂ mutant lines and the wild-type variety “INRA-CZH2” were evaluated for their seed oil content, fatty acid composition, total phenolic content (TPC), and free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA) by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods. The results showed significant variability among all mutants in seed oil content (38.14–42.04%) and fatty acids (SAFA = 5.49–10.99%, MUFA = 50.33–71.62%, PUFA = 22.89–8.68%). The mutant H2M-5 exhibited the highest fraction of MUFA and the lowest proportion of SAFA and PUFA, while the mutant H2M-4 showed the highest SAFA and PUFA amounts and the lowest MUFA level. TPC varied from 2.16 to 4.35 mg GAE/100 g. The highest amount was found in the mutant H2M-1, which is about twice that of other mutants and the wild-type variety. FRSA differed significantly among the samples, and the variations observed for DPPH and ABTS methods were 40.5–59.28% and 40.31–59.86%, respectively. FRSA was positively correlated to TPC in the sampled oils (r = 0.801 and 0.802, P < 0.01). This is the first report emphasizing the biochemical potential of rapeseed varieties and novel mutants in Morocco. H2M-1, H2M-4, and H2M-5 were proposed for the Rapeseed National Breeding Program, as they showed higher levels in some biochemical traits of interest.     

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction,Fatty Acid Composition,Oxidative Stability,and Antioxidant Effect of Torreya grandis Seed Oil

Torreya grandis seed oil (TGSO) extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide was explored from the extraction conditions, fatty acid composition, its oxidative stability and antioxidant activity in a bench‐scale apparatus. An L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design was applied to optimize extraction parameters. The results demonstrated that the maximum yield of 94.57 % was obtained at 45 MPa, 4 h and 50 °C. There were 18 kinds of compounds found within TGSO; the predominant ingredient was linoleic acid (42.02 %), followed by oleic acid (32.14 %) and dihomo‐γ‐linolenic acid (9.80 %). The IC₅₀ values for 1,6‐bis(diphenylphosphino) hexane radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (HO?) and superoxide radical (O₂^·?) were 5.61, 3.16 and 4.20 mg/mL, respectively.     

Quality Changes and Antioxidant Properties of Microencapsulated Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seed Oil During Accelerated Storage

Quality changes and antioxidant properties of microencapsulated kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed oil (MKSO) were investigated at 6-day intervals during 24 days of storage at 65 °C. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and BCB assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity (AOA) and their correlations were reported. Total flavonoids content (TFC) and oxidative stability in terms of evolution of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also studied. The results showed that there was a significant (p < 0.05) effect of microencapsulation whereby AOA of MKSO showed only a 23.28 % decrease as compared to a 61.51 % decrease in the control bulk oil (KSO) when assessed by FRAP. MKSO showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower reduction of its initial TFC as compared to KSO and total increase in TBARS of MKSO was reported to be significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that of KSO. AOA determined by all assays were well correlated with TFC and also among themselves. Microencapsulation of kenaf seed oil was found to be effective in the stabilisation of natural antioxidants and prolonging the shelf-life.