Drug-associated hemorrhagic enteritis

Drug-associated hemorrhagic colitis are divided into antibiotic associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) and other drug associated hemorrhagic colitis. AAHC are mainly caused by oral usage of Ampicillin and its derivatives (85%). Initially AAHC are believed to be caused by Klebsiella oxytoca overgrowth. However, these organisum has no exotoxin like Clostridium difficile and pathogenesis of AAHC are still unresolved. Typical AAHC are diagnosed by colonoscopy with diffuse hemorrhage and edema mainly found in descending colon and transverse colon. NSAIDs are also the cause of hemorrhagic colitis like AAHC. Mephenamic acid are famous for this complication. Diarrhea is one of the main complication of oral 5-fluorouracil administration and even causes hemorrhagic colitis. Its histology are characteristic in gland atrophy. Gold colitis are reported 36 cases in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Exact mechanism of bleeding are not understood. NSAIDs may cause collagenous colitis and or lymphocytic colitis in RA patients. Other rare hemorrhagic colitis are associated with azathioprine, methyl dopa, interferon alfa etc. NSAIDs and anticoagulants are well known drugs for complication of GI bleeding making hemorrhagic enteritis.     

Optimum Design of Welded Steel Plate Girder Bridges Using a Genetic Algorithm with Elitism

The genetic algorithm (GA) is a general optimization technique that has some unique features that are especially suitable for structural engineering problems. This work uses a simple GA with elitism to find the optimum design of welded steel plate girder bridges. The objectives are to minimize the weight and the cost of the girders. Two types of plate-girder bridges are studied: a single-span bridge and a two-equal-span continuous bridge. Bridges with various span lengths, in increments of 20?ft, are investigated; results are tabulated, parametric studies are made, and meaningful conclusions are drawn.     

Arachnoid cysts on computed tomography

The appearances of arachnoid cysts on computed tomography are presented. They are well defined lesions with the same density as cerebrospimal fluid and are not contrast enhanced. Superficial lesions are biconvex or semicircular and may have a characteristic straight inner margin. Deep lesions and cysts between the cerebellar hemispheres are spherical and some may be difficult to differentiate from cystic neoplasms. The etiology and clinical manifestations of arachnoid cysts are also briefly discussed.     

赣南钨矿山资源状况调查与思考

通过赣南钨矿山资源调查,反映钨矿山资源状况不容乐观。据地质报告中统计,赣南累计探明WO3储量149.98万t,其中上平衡表113.67万t,而保有储量仅有46.7万t;国有钨矿山保有储量26.4万t,可利用的储量10.4万t,可服务年限大都在10a以下。因此,建议尽快对赣南的国有钨矿山开展新一轮的地质找矿,寻找新的接替基地,控制钨矿产量,对尾砂综合回收和利用。     

Statistical theory of the hydrogen-induced phase decomposition of an amorphous zirconium-palladium alloy with the formation of metal hydrides. Hydrogen solubility in phases

A statistical theory is developed for the decomposition of an amorphous zirconium-palladium alloy in a hydrogen atmosphere with the formation of metal hydrides. The free energies of the phases are calculated, and equations for the equilibrium states of the phases are derived. The phase-transformation temperatures are determined, and their dependences on the system composition are obtained. The temperature dependences of the hydrogen solubilities in the phases are found, and the appearance of the inflection points or jumps at the phase-transformation points, which are experimentally observed as inflections in the dependences, is grounded. Hydrogen solubility isotherms are calculated, and the possibility of a hysteresis effect is revealed.     

蓄热式钢包烘烤技术的研究与应用

论述了蓄热式钢包烘烤器的设计关键，计，介绍该技术在首钢第二炼钢厂的应用效果，办法。即烧嘴的设计、蓄热室的设计和换向阀的设并对存在的问题进行分析，初步找到了解决     

Energy-Efficient Trajectories of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Flying through Thermals

This study presents optimal energy-efficient flight trajectories of a generic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flying through a vertical moving thermal cell. A two-dimensional point-mass model of a jet-engined UAV in the vertical plane is used. UAV equations of motion and the thermal wind expression are normalized for numerical efficiency and four fundamental parameters are identified. UAV flights through a thermal cell are formulated as nonlinear optimal control problems that minimize the average thrust per unit time, subject to UAV performance constraints and periodic flight boundary conditions. These problems are converted into parameter optimizations and solved numerically. Fuel efficiencies of these optimal trajectories are compared with those of reference optimal flights in the lack of thermal winds. Both constant thrust and variable thrust solutions are obtained. Two patterns of optimal flights through thermals are identified, and their characteristics are analyzed. Both patterns of optimal flights are also explained from an energy maximization point of view. Effects of the fundamental parameters on optimal UAV flights are examined. Results suggest that significant improvements in UAV fuel consumption are possible by taking advantage of thermal energies.     

Intracellular bacteria in protozoa

Intracellular bacteria in humans are typically detrimental, and such infections are regarded by the patients as accidental and abnormal. In protozoa it seems obvious that many bacteria have coevolved with their hosts and are well adapted to the intracellular way of life. Manifold interactions between hosts and intracellular bacteria are found, and examples of antibacterial resistance of unknown mechanisms are observed. The wide diversity of intracellular bacteria in protozoa has become particularly obvious since they have begun to be classified by molecular techniques. Some of the bacteria are closely related to pathogens; others are responsible for the production of toxins.     

客运专线用100米钢轨矫直断裂原因分析

 客运专线用100米60kg/m重轨在焊轨厂拼焊后,当四面矫直时发生断裂。采用光学显微镜及扫描电镜（TEM）等方法对钢轨矫直时断裂原因进行了分析和研究。结果表明：钢轨断裂是由于距钢轨端部约100mm轨底边缘处存在凸台缺陷,此凸台在钢轨拼焊后进行除瘤时除瘤刀将其铲平,致使钢轨产生冷裂纹,进而在矫直时断裂。通过控制万能精轧上下辊的辊径差以及调整轧制线高度等方面,使钢轨出轧机时尽量保持平直,避免上翘或扣头,从而消除凸台缺陷的产生。     

钨纳米线的制备与应用

综述了钨纳米线的最新研究进展,详细地介绍了数种钨纳米线的制备技术和这种新型纳米材料潜在的巨大应用价值,提出了目前报道的制备方法中存在的几个问题,并展望了未来的发展趋势。     

浅谈推行标准化操作的实践

针对推标工作的指导思想、基本原则、基本步骤、具体做法、实施措施、工作速度,制定了有效办法,保证了推标工作的有序进行,克服了推标工作的随机育目性,在岗位操作标准制定时,打破以往三大进修规程的理论体系强,岗位操作弱的特点,抓典型、树样板、以点带面、以面推动全局。     

盘活存量优化结构是地方冶金工业发展当务之急

通过对全省１１个市（地）地方冶金工业调查、认识现状、总结经验：分析存在问题，探索产业发展路子，提供制定产业政策依据，提出行业管理政策建议。     

经验法查找10kV单相接地线路

提出10kV接地故障的危害,接地方式的种类和选择,介绍人工查找10kv接地故障的管理和技术措施,阐明现场处理经验和注意事项,用流程图总结整个接地查找方法,实际效果显著。     

中国锰系铁合金现状与发展

介绍了世界、中国锰系铁合金生产、消费和进出口情况，分析了锰系铁合金的需求发展与变化，预测了2003年中国锰系铁合金消费、出口与生产情况，展望了2005年中国锰系铁合金的消费需求，提出了发展建议。     

Strategic risk management in innovative metallurgical investment

Recommendations are made regarding risk reduction when investing in intellectual property. The low level of investment by metallurgical enterprises in intellectual property is explained. Methods of logical research, analysis, synthesis, and planning are employed. Approaches to strategic risk management in innovative metallurgical investment are outlined. The preconditions for innovation in metallurgical development worldwide are discussed, and corresponding innovative development strategies are formulated. Methods of risk reduction are formulated, and practical examples of investments in intellectual property that might be more attractive to metallurgical enterprises are presented.     

Uremia: pathophysiologic sequelae and indications for kidney replacement therapy

Mortality in intensive care unit patients with acute renal failure is still high. The reasons for this are not fully understood. Renal failure without other failing organs does not lead to death if treatment is adequate. Uremia is therefore thought to prevent spontaneous recovery from and impedes the treatment of other organ failures. The reasons for this have been elucidated only partially. Of main importance are different kinetics and dynamics of endo- and xenobiotics in uremia. The mechanisms that lead to altered kinetics in such patients are quite clearly understood, while in the field of altered dynamics many questions are open. It is also unclear which accumulating metabolites are responsible for the different dynamics. This is the reason why parameters that would indicate when to start a dialysis procedure in acute renal failure are still lacking. Exceptions are substances known to lead to death if they are present in high concentrations. These substances are mainly potassium, salt and water.     

Positional anomalies of the intestine in adults

Anomalous intestine positions arise during embryologic development. They are rare in adults and cause uncharacteristic but chronic discomforts. They can produce life-threatening complications at any time. They are thought of too rarely, and radiologically shown anomalies are easily misinterpreted. Frequently they are discovered only during operation. The 178 anomalous intestine positions are here analyzed partly newly named and discussed to facilitate detection, to prevent complications, and to make rational treatment possible. There are 24 different typical forms, which are explained by disturbances of the embryologic rotation, growth, or fixation of the intestine.     

等承载螺纹螺母的研制

根据螺纹牙受力与变形条件,建立静力平衡协调关系式,采用最优化技术,确定出等承载螺纹曲线。并从实用性出发,从加工制造方便考虑,提出了实用性强的近似等承载螺母。     

推钢式加热炉的技术改造及效果

介绍了包钢特钢分公司推钢式加热炉技术改造的情况,对加热炉存在的问题进行了分析,提出了改进措施,经过技术改造提高加热炉的能力,降低了煤气消耗,取得了较好的经济效益。