动态带宽分配分级QoS链路接入控制算法

针对传统的基于带宽请求链路接入控制算法（Link Bandwidth Require Control Algorithm,LBRCA）的接入成功率和系统带宽利用率不高的问题,设计了一种多链路接入共享带宽分配模型,分析了链路带宽分配和QoS等级的特点,提出一种动态带宽分配分级QoS链路接入控制算法DBAMQ（Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation and Multi-level QoS）,该算法在保证某QoS等级的基础上允许动态地对系统的带宽进行重分配。实验结果表明,该算法在接入成功率、系统总带宽利用率和系统效能等都比传统链路接入控制算法好,适合于大规模宽带接入链路控制的应用。     

基于马尔科夫链的联合呼叫接入控制算法

异构网络的接入策略与网络资源管理效率紧密相关;同时,网络复杂性与网络资源竞争性直接影响到用户服务质量。针对异构网络接入控制存在的切换掉话率和呼叫阻塞率高、资源利用率低等问题,提出了基于马尔科夫链的联合呼叫接入控制算法。接入控制算法为切换呼叫业务、实时业务动态地预留了一定的带宽资源,根据不同业务设置带宽降级因子来决定是否释放带宽;同时,根据用户偏好和不同业务的QoS要求,构建了呼叫接入控制效用函数,利用马尔科夫链进行了建模分析。仿真表明,算法提高了网络资源利用率,降低了系统复杂度,满足了各类业务的QoS要求。     

IEEE 80211e中基于自适应信道预留的接纳控制算法*

为了在WLAN标准IEEE 802.11e中高效、高质量地传输各类业务,以及保证业务之间的公平性,提出一种基于自适应信道预留的接纳控制算法。算法中首先采用资源共享的方法提前为业务预留适当的信道资源,使用信道利用率作为接入准则,当网络资源不足时采用自适应地调节已经接入业务流的服务质量来满足新请求的业务流的服务质量需求。结果表明,该算法保证了各业务之间的公平性以及服务质量需求,而且最大程度地接入了更多的业务流,提高了网络的整体性能。     

多重链路时延优化动态可用带宽分配算法

为了优化多重链路多业务环境下的时延,首先分析了带宽分配及链路中数据传输时延计算方法,提出一种时延优化的动态可用带宽分配算法(DODBA)。该算法基于不同优先级业务的时延比较实现了剩余可用带宽的重新分配。仿真实验证明了DODBA的有效性,能控制各链路不同业务的时延,并提高了系统带宽资源的利用率。DODBA可用于解决大型宽带网络接入控制中的实际问题。     

基于Kautz图的服务覆盖网带宽约束路由算法

为实现服务覆盖网(SON)的服务质量保证路由,提出了一种完全分布式的带宽约束路由算法(DBRRA)。该算法以反映网络实时特性的可用带宽为路由度量,每个节点仅保持部分链路的状态,利用Kautz图的自路由特性实现带宽约束的分布式路由选择。该算法具有计算复杂性低、附加开销小、自适应性强、不产生回路等优点。仿真结果表明,DBRRA的路由成功率接近基于全局状态带宽约束路由算法。     

OFDMA系统中的多业务接入控制算法

提出一种针对分析正交频分多址接入(OFDMA)系统的改进多业务接入控制算法。OFDMA系统为用户提供一定数量的子载波进行传输,通过压缩原信道带宽或传输速率,降低原信道上的业务服务质量,从而提高小区内可使用的信道数量。仿真结果表明,与传统信道预留算法相比,该算法可提高信道资源利用率,降低目标小区的切换呼叫阻塞率和新呼叫阻塞率。     

IEEE 802.11e协议HCCA机制下的QoS研究

分析了IEEE 802.11e协议HCCA信道接入机制下的简单带宽调度算法对多媒体业务的QoS支持情况,指出其不足并在其基础上进行了改进,提出了一种基于业务等级的带宽调度算法E-HCCA（Enhanced HCCA）。E-HCCA对不同优先等级业务的数据在带宽分配上采用不同的策略,在优先保证各个节点CBR业务的基础上,根据节点的VBR流量动态平均分配剩余带宽。相比较简单调度算法,E-HCCA算法更好地支持了多用户下的语音业务流和视频业务流,降低了分组时延,增加了系统吞吐率。     

WiMAX网络中信噪比与带宽结合的接纳控制算法

呼叫接纳控制（CAC）是宽带无线接入网络无线资源管理中一个重要的组成部分,其中策略设计的好坏直接影响着网络的性能和资源利用率。针对现有基于WiMAX的接纳控制算法仅考虑了带宽作为接纳控制的标准,提出一种结合带宽和信噪比的接纳控制算法,在考虑小区带宽因素的同时能兼顾考虑接纳后业务的信噪比情况。仿真结果表明,结合带宽和信噪比的接纳控制算法可以有效的降低系统中呼叫的掉线率,提高系统性能。     

分段式全带宽动态分配算法研究

为提高多业务分组系统的带宽利用效率,提出了一种分段式全带宽动态分配算法,该算法允许单业务流最大可用带宽超出其公平共享范围。分析和实践结果表明,在保持常规算法的带宽利用率、公平性和满足用户QoS指标的同时,该算法使有需求链路在系统处于非饱和状态时可占用全部剩余带宽(直至全带宽),显著提高系统的总带宽利用率。     

IEEE802.16中基于自适应信道预留的呼叫接入策略

呼叫接入控制（CAC）在宽带无线接入（BWA）服务质量（QoS）中起着非常重要的作用。对无线城域网中IEEE802.16复杂的QoS定义,该文提出了一种在IEEE802.16中基于自适应资源预留的呼叫接入控制策略（AR-CAC）。该策略根据UGS负载和信道利用率为其自适应预留信道,同时考虑了IEEE802.16业务的带宽特性。仿真结果表明,该策略在硬切换呼叫切换失败概率不变的情况下降低了高优先级服务的呼叫阻塞率,同时增大了系统的吞吐量。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.