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从地铁车站与隧道的建筑结构类型、通风空调系统、通风排烟系统的设置着手,对不同车站、隧道建筑结构类型在不同的着火情况下的通风排烟系统运行模式做了说明,提出了相应的改进措施,进一步完善了地铁车站与隧道的防排烟模式体系,希望能够对今后地铁车站及隧道中防排烟设施设置以及在事故状态下合理处置提供参考。 相似文献
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介绍深圳地铁4号线某地下岛式车站防排烟系统设计。该站厅层为地面层,设计采用自然排烟;站台、设备层采用机械排烟设计。站台公共区域排烟系统模式分为正常夏季工况、正常冬季工况、普通火灾模式一和普通火灾模式二。介绍区间隧道、车站内公共区域、设备管理用房通风系统设置,介绍设备选型、参数等。建议车站站台防排烟系统设计时充分考虑排烟气流组织方式,使站台形成气流场,避免出现排烟死角。 相似文献
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苏立勇 《消防技术与产品信息》2008,(8):21-24
根据隧道所处路网、隧道内防灾救援设施的设置及交通状况、通风系统设置等实际情况,分析阻塞工况下发生火灾的概率和人员疏散,对重点防灾地段采用横向重点排烟、对于一般地段采用纵向排烟的综合排烟方案,并借鉴民用建筑的防排烟计算方法,完善了隧道防排烟设计。 相似文献
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地铁站台很大的程度涉及安全隐患,对于防排烟的研究至关重要。本文针对地铁站台防排烟分析研究,指出站台防排烟存在的一些问题,提出自己的见解和整改措施。有助于对地铁站台防排烟方案的研究。 相似文献
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本文以南京地铁一号线南延线通风系统为研究对象,采用清华大学开发的地铁热环境模拟分析软件STESS进行通风模拟,结合实际的数据测量,对安全门地铁火灾工况下排烟模拟进行了研究。结果认为,在带有安全门的站台发生火灾的时候,通过开启4台TVF风机,可以保证连接口处的速度到大于1.5m/s,满足人员逃生的风速要求;在区间隧道发生火灾时,通过隧道两边站台各开启4台TVF风机进行送风排烟,可以保证隧道断面风速大于2m/s,满足人员逃生的风速要求。 相似文献
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采用FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)数值仿真手段对青岛市某在建三层岛式地铁站台火灾情景进行模拟研究.在站台层楼梯处设置一定强度的火源,启动站台通风系统和可调通风型站台门上方的辅助排烟通风窗,模拟了四种不同通风窗开启模式下烟气的蔓延规律,分析了不同通风窗开启模式对烟气分布、温度、CO浓度和可见度的... 相似文献
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Longhua Hu Long Wu Kaihua Lu Xiaochun Zhang Shuai Liu Zengwei Qiu 《Building Simulation》2014,7(2):137-146
This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation investigation of most effective cooperative operation mode of the tunnel rail track area exhaust system and the platform ventilation system for the emergency scenario of a train on fire stopping beside the platform of a subway station. CFD simulations are carried out by fire dynamics simulator (FDS) to analyse and compare the computed field distributions of smoke temperature and visibility, as to find out the most optimal cooperation mode of these ventilation systems. Results show that only starting the over track exhaust (OTE) system can control the smoke more effectively than starting both the OTE system and the under platform exhaust (UPE) system at the same time. In addition, setting the platform ventilation system as exhaust pattern can provide better control performance than setting it as air supply pattern, in counteracting the smoke flowed into the platform from the fire train. Therefore, it is found out and suggested that in such an emergency condition, the most effective strategic cooperative ventilation mode is only starting the OTE system of the tunnel rail track area with the aid of activation the smoke exhaust pattern of the platform ventilation system. 相似文献
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地铁站厅至站台楼梯口风速对火灾烟气运动的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地铁车站站台发生火灾,连接站厅与站台的楼梯口保持一定风速,可阻挡烟气向站厅蔓延并为人员疏散提供诱导气流。为研究楼梯口风速对车站火灾烟气运动的影响,试验对不同排烟模式下楼梯口风速进行测量,建立数值计算模型进行模拟。结果表明:火灾场景下楼梯口风速大于无火源场景下风速,因此常规楼梯口风速校核设计方法由于没考虑真实火灾情况下各种因素的复杂作用,需进一步改进;楼梯口附近起火,烟气易从挡烟垂壁溢出向站厅层蔓延,站台火灾时站厅层为送风状态,存在溢出烟气时站厅层烟浓度可增至大于站台层;站台公共区着火,增开隧道风机,能够增 相似文献
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Due to the small width and the large train blockage ratio in subway tunnel, the smoke back-layering will be different from that in the wider road tunnel with small vehicle blockage ratio. In the train blockage region of tunnel, the velocity of longitudinal ventilated air-flow interacting with the back-flowed smoke gas is different from that in the upstream tunnel without train blockage. Then the back-flowed smoke gas might be prevented in the train blockage region with higher ventilation velocity, otherwise it would be stopped in the upstream tunnel without train blockage but with lower ventilation velocity. They were taken into consideration separately and an equivalent fire source was introduced by dividing the dimensionless heat release rate of fire source into two parts in the cases where the smoke back-layering length is longer than metro train length. A series of full-scale numerical simulations are carried out with FDS to investigate the smoke back-layering length in subway tunnel with different train lengths and longitudinal ventilation velocities. The simulation results indicate that the influence of metro train length on the smoke back-layering is great and cannot be ignored any more. A global correlation model is proposed based on the dimensionless analysis and simulation results. 相似文献
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To cope with fires in a subway station, ventilation systems are usually installed, which includes an air supply system and a smoke exhaust system. In case of a train fire, the operation of these ventilation systems needs to be studied in order to get optimal control of smoke propagation and provide better environmental conditions for personnel evacuation. In this paper, CFD simulations are carried out by Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) to study the effectiveness of different ventilation modes in case of a train fire in a subway station. The temperature and visibility contours are computed as to compare the performance of various ventilation modes for subway stations with full-seal Platform Screen Door (PSD) or half-height safety door. Results show that appropriate activation of the air supply system can improve the efficiency of the ventilation system in smoke control, and vice versa. It is better to activate the lobby air supply system and meanwhile close the platform air supply system. As for the exhaust system, it is necessary to activate the platform exhaust system and the Over Track Exhaust (OTE) system, and it is better to deactivate the Under Platform Exhaust (UPE) system. The optimization strategy of the ventilation mode for subway stations with full-seal PSD is similar to that for subway stations with half-height safety door. With the help of the additional smoke barrier, smoke propagation in a subway station can be well controlled. The results in the paper may serve as a useful reference for the smoke control design in case of subway train fires. 相似文献
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以大瑶山三号隧道工程为例,从开挖方法,机械设备配置及通风排烟方式三方面阐述了长大隧道长距离独头快速掘进施工工艺,介绍了施工过程中生产要素的配置,并根据施工体会指出长大隧道独头掘进时应着重解决好通风问题。 相似文献
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翁雪飞 《建筑热能通风空调》2013,(5):70-72,12
地铁通风空调系统是地铁车站及区间的重要系统之一,承担着区间隧道、车站公共区和设备管理用房区域通风空调及防排烟的重要功能.通风空调系统与其他专业的接口贯穿于项目建设的整个过程,接口数量众多.本文主要分析了通风空调系统的接口特点、接口内容及要求,并提出了建议.为轨道交通通风空调系统的接口设计、施工、管理工作提供参考. 相似文献
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地铁区间隧道火灾排烟通风模式分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用理论分析、CFD数值模拟分析等方法对北京某地铁单隧道发生火灾时的通风排烟系统的各种可能运行模式进行了分析,分析结果表明,不同的模式下通风排烟效果相关很大,同时火灾发生的位置不同,相应的最优通风排烟模式也有所不同。 相似文献
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防止烟气逆流的临界风速是隧道火灾通风排烟系统设计的主要指标。国内外对纯烟气逆流的临界风速研究较多,对阻塞明显且夹带火焰的烟气逆流问题研究得则很少。通过模型试验和数值模拟,对列车着火阻塞在隧道内形成的夹带火焰的烟气逆流及其临界风速进行分析。考虑列车对隧道的阻塞比和火焰热辐射作用的影响,利用能量方程推导出计算临界风速的新公式,并与Oka-Atkinson公式、Wu-Bakar公式等计算纯烟气逆流的临界风速公式进行比较。结果表明新公式更适用于夹带火焰的烟气逆流的情况。同时还发现,列车中部着火和头部着火情况下的临界风速相近,但与列车尾部着火的临界风速不同;隧道内有列车着火和隧道内着火但无列车情况下的临界风速也有所不同。 相似文献