Ni-W-P合金镀层在流动介质中的腐蚀防护效果研究

在管束表面化学镀Ni-W-P合金镀层,并对镀层的表面形貌、成分、结构及耐蚀性进行了测试。结果表明:Ni-W-P合金镀层表面覆盖均匀的胞状物,含有W元素,容易在介质中发生钝化;Ni-W-P合金镀层的耐蚀性良好,其在流动介质中的耐蚀性弱于在静态介质中的耐蚀性。     

钨酸钠对化学镀Ni-W-P合金镀层性能的影响

在不锈钢基体上化学镀Ni-W-P合金镀层,并研究了钨酸钠的质量浓度对镀速、Ni-W-P合金镀层的耐蚀性及其表面形貌的影响。结果表明:当钨酸钠的质量浓度为10~20g/L时,制备的Ni-W-P合金镀层的性能最好。     

硫酸镍对Ni-W-P化学镀层性能的影响

在不锈钢表面制备了Ni-W-P化学镀层。研究了硫酸镍的质量浓度对Ni-W-P化学镀层的沉积速率及电化学性能的影响,并用SEM表征了Ni-W-P化学镀层的表面形貌。最终确定硫酸镍的最佳质量浓度范围为25~35g/L。Ni-W-P化学镀层均匀地覆盖不锈钢基体,起到了很好的保护作用。     

镀液中TiO2对（Ni-W-P）-TiO2复合镀层性能的影响

为了进一步提高Ni-W-P合金镀层的硬度和耐蚀性,用脉冲电沉积法制备了(Ni-W-P)-TiO2复合镀层,并研究了镀液中TiO2加入量对镀层硬度和表面形貌的影响,且通过极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,(Ni-W-P)-TiO2复合镀层的性能优于Ni-W-P镀层,而当镀液中TiO2质量浓度为6g/L时,复合镀层的硬度较高,表面形貌及耐蚀性能较优。自腐蚀电位较正,腐蚀电流密度较小,极化电阻较大,其交流阻抗谱对应的电阻值也较大。     

电沉积Ni-W-P基纳米微粒复合镀层的组织与结构研究

电沉积Ni-W-P基纳米微粒复合镀层的表面形貌和相结构分析表明:镀液pH的增大,镀层表面粗糙,但镀层较厚,稀土的加入能有效细化晶粒。(Ni-W-P)-SiO2、(Ni-W-P)-CeO2纳米微粒复合镀层在镀态时是非晶态结构,而(Ni-W-P)-CeO2-SiO2纳米微粒复合镀层在镀态时是混晶结构。热处理后的(Ni-W-P)-CeO2-SiO2复合镀层是晶态结构。Ni3P相的衍射峰加强,这说明随着热处理温度的升高,镀层的非晶态形态逐渐减弱,镀层逐渐向晶态转变。     

LaCl3对Ni-P化学镀层性能的影响

研究了稀土氯化镧(LaCl3)对Ni-P化学镀层的沉积速率、表面形貌、成分、显微硬度及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:当Ni-P镀液中LaCl3.7H2O的质量浓度为25mg/L时,Ni-P镀层的沉积速率提高;且此时镀层表面更加致密、平整,镀层的显微硬度提高;此外,镀层中P元素的质量分数也有所增加,镀层表面缺陷更少,镀层的耐蚀性得到改善。     

钨对化学镀Ni-W-P合金镀层结构及性能的影响

通过不同的化学镀工艺配方,获得了4种不同钨含量的化学镀Ni-W-P三元合金镀层.研究了钨含量对镀层结构、硬度及在5%H2SO4溶液中耐蚀性的影响规律.研究发现,化学镀Ni-W-P三元合金镀层的结构受镀层中钨含量的影响较大,非晶态Ni-W-P三元合金镀层所需磷含量较非晶态Ni-P二元镀层所需磷含量要低,并且钨含量越高,所需磷含量越少;镀层硬度随镀层结构从非晶态→混晶态→纳米晶态转变而增加;镀层的耐蚀性随镀层中钨含量增加而变好,且非晶态镀层较混晶态和纳米晶态镀层更易形成钝化区.     

双层化学镀层（Ni-P／Ni-W-P）的耐蚀性能研究

通过特殊点微观扫描的方法研究了Ni-P／Ni-W-P双层化学镀层的宏观耐蚀性与微观耐蚀性能，并与相同工艺条件下获得的单层Ni-W-P镀层进行比较，结果表明双层镀工艺可提高镀层的致密度，降低孔隙率。Ni-P／Ni-W-P双层镀层的酣蚀性均优于Ni—W-P单层镀层。     

化学镀Ni—W—P合金工艺研究

研究镀液组成及工艺参数对镀层成分和沉积速率以及合金镀层表面形貌、结构、成分及硬度的影响。结果表明,添加剂的加入能显著地抑制镀液的自发分解。Ni-W-P 合金具有优异的耐蚀性。     

换热表面Ni-W-P镀层抗垢特性

通过调整Ni-W-P化学镀镀液中钨酸钠浓度,获得了钨元素含量不同的三元Ni-W-P镀层。进一步的实验研究表明,随着三元Ni-W-P镀层中钨元素含量的增加,其热稳定性得到显著改善,同时,镀层晶粒转变的激活能值呈增大趋势。三元Ni-W-P镀层的抗垢性随着镀层中钨元素含量的增加而降低,而与镀层表面自由能以及表面粗糙度没有必然的联系。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。