新疆刺山柑多糖的提取及含量测定

采用常规水浴法提取新疆刺山柑多糖，并用苯酚一硫酸比色法测定多糖的含量。结果表明新疆刺山柑多糖的，含量为23．73％，葡萄糖浓度在8．0μg／mL～32．0μg／mL范围内浓度与吸光值呈良好的线性关系，平均回收率为100．3％．RSD1．05％（n=5）。     

酸度计法快速测定冰冻水产品中甲醛含量的研究

对影响酸度计法测定冰冻鱼产品中甲醛含量实验结果的相关参数和样品的前处理过程进行了详细研究,并对其用于快速测定水产品中甲醛含量的可行性进行了讨论。实验结果袁明,当甲醛含量在1．5-500μg／mL范围内时,该方法具有良好的线性关系,检测限可达0．4μg／mL,将其应用于分析4种冰冻鱼产品体内的甲醛含量时,结果令人满意。     

鲜姜、煮姜、泡姜中Vc、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量测定

测定姜经不同处理后Vc、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量，以评价不同处理方法对营养成分Vc和有害成分硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐的破坏情况。方法：通过紫外吸收分光光度计在特定波长下的吸收值来计算所测成分的舍量。结果：生姜经煮沸15min后，Vc的含量为2．30mg／100g，只有鲜姜中Vc的20．65％，而泡姜中Vc的含量达5．86mg／100g，为鲜姜中的52．60％：鲜姜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量分别为39338．5mg／100g和0．3046mg／100g，煮姜和泡姜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量都很低。     

毛细管电泳电致化学发光法测定大豆中脯氨酸

本文介绍了一种用毛细管电泳电致化学发光测定脯氨酸含量的新方法，探讨了进样量、温度、毛细管电泳高压、缓冲液pH等条件对信号强度、迁移时间的影响。根据实验结果确定的优化电泳条件为：10mmol／L磷酸缓冲液（pH=8．0），柱温30℃，毛细管电泳高压18kV。优化条件下，脯氨酸迁移时间和峰高定量精度分别在1．68％和3．84％以内，在1～100μg／mL浓度的范围内存在良好的线性关系（r^2=0．9992），最低检出限为1μg/mL（s／n=3），该方法已成功用于大豆中脯氨酸含量的测定。     

肉制品中亚硝酸根含量测定及VC对亚硝酸根的阻断

在盐酸介质中利用生物染色素番红花红T与亚硝酸盐的显色反应测定亚硝酸盐浓度,显色产物吸收峰最大吸收波长为350nm,亚硝酸钠浓度在0～1.8μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光度系数为6.03×10^4L/mol,建立了一个测定肉制品中亚硝酸盐浓度的紫外光度法。据此对肉制品中亚硝酸盐含量以及VC对亚硝酸盐的阻断作用进行了研究。     

水溶液中砷含量测定的不确定蔓分析

建立原子荧光光谱法测定溶液中砷含量的不确定度分析方法，以评定测定结果的质量，找出主要影响因素。方法：根据GB／T5009．11-2003，建立不确定度的数学模型，系统分析计算不确定度各分量。结果：样品溶液中砷的含量为（1．0373±0．0504）μg／mL，k=2，即测定结果置信水平为95％。     

催化光度法测定织物中微量的游离甲醛

在室温及硫酸递质中，微量甲醛对溴酸钾氧化乙基橙的反应有明显的催化作用，且催化作用的大小与甲醛的质量浓度有关．通过测量还原剂乙基橙在一定时间内吸光度的变化建立了测定微量甲醛的动力学新方法．线性范围为0．3～2．0μg/mL，检出限为O．047μg／mL．应用此法分析2D醚化树脂、交联剂及织物中微量甲醛，结果满意．     

火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定黄酒中的金属离子

用微波消化罐消化样品,以火焰原子吸收光谱法在同一系列体系中测定黄酒中微量铜、锌、铁、锰的方法。考察了硝酸、过氧化氢的不同用量以及消化时间长短的影响和在同一体系中铜、锌、铁、锰的彼此干扰情况。结果：检出限铜为0．0048μg／mL,锌为0．0062μg／mL,铁为0．0045μg／mL,锰为0．0081μg／mL,相对标准偏差为2．0％～4．5％,回收率为99．6％-102．1％。     

啤酒中α-氨基酸含量测定中不确定度分析

对茚三酮吸光光度法测定啤酒中α-氨基酸含量的方法进行了不确定度来源的分析,计算出的方法扩展不确定度up为2．4μg／mL,啤酒中α-氨基酸含量为（64．0±2．4）μg／mL。     

分光光度法测定食品中的溴酸盐

本试验选择酚噻嗪乙腈溶液与微量溴酸盐进行生色反应，并通过分光光度法进行分析研究，试验在不同的条件下，分析影响测定溴酸盐的试验因素，最终完成确定了对微量溴酸盐的光度分析方法。该方法的检测范围为0．1-0．9μg／mL，检出限达到0．1μg以下。在对实际样品进行的对照分析中，得到了满意的结果。本方法具有灵敏度高、简便、快速、易操作的特点，是测定食品中溴酸盐的理想方法。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the