降低精炼钢水中全氧含量的研究

研究了“电炉—钢包精炼炉—连铸”工艺中电炉钢水的脱碳量，氧化期终点碳的控制、出钢过程中硅—铝—铁加入量对ＬＦ炉钢水全氧含量的影响，同时也研究了ＬＦ炉的渣量和碱度、精炼时间、终点脱氧制度等操作对ＬＦ炉精炼后钢水全氧含量的影响。     

LF直流钢包炉生产低硫管坯钢生产实践

在电炉生产工艺条件下,把钢中「Ｓ」控制到０．０１０％以下是相当困难的,脱硫成为生产低硫管坯钢的一大技术难题,而ＬＦ直流电弧－电潭加热钢包炉解决了快速脱硫的技术难题,本文详细介绍安钢电炉＋ＬＦ直流电弧－电渣加热钢包炉生产低硫管坯风的生产经验。     

45吨高功率偏心炉底出钢式电弧炉冶炼结构钢的工艺研究

本文介绍45t(HP EBT)EF(高功率偏心炉底出钢式电炉)各项技术参数及结构特点；该电炉冶炼结构钢等采用的高功率、高电压，长电弧、泡洙渣长弧埋弧操作工艺特点，以及熔氧合并、取消还原期、氧化性钢水偏心炉底出钢、留渣留钢操作技术，钢包全金化、钢包沉淀脱氧、钢包括性渣料脱硫、钢包底部吹氩搅拌精炼技术等。经过184炉试验，与传统工艺比较，钢的化学成分稳定，高倍、低倍，力学性能、定量金相，电解夹杂及钢中气体等项检验表明钢质量优良。     

钢包炉（LF）精炼用渣的功能和配制

钢包精炼炉已成为现代化钢铁生产短流程中不可缺少的一道工序。在世界钢包精炼装置中 ,钢包炉 (ＬａｄｌｅＦｕｒｎａｃｅ ＬＦ)约占 66.5 % [1] 。ＬＦ除了采用还原气氛埋弧加热、真空脱气、透气砖吹氩搅拌等 3项二次精炼较成熟的技术外 ,还引用了合成渣精炼技术 ,因此 ,ＬＦ用精炼渣的研究日益受到广泛重视。1　精炼渣的配制ＬＦ精炼渣的基本功能为 :(1)深脱硫 ;(2 )深脱氧 ;(3)起泡埋弧 ;(4 )可去除钢中非金属夹杂物 ,净化钢液 ;(5 )改变夹杂物的形态 ;(6)防止钢液二次氧化和保温作用。ＬＦ精炼渣根据其功能由基础渣、脱硫剂、还原剂、发…     

Cr4Mo4V电渣钢锭的轧制开坯生产方法

发明专利《减少和细化高碳铬轴承钢D类夹杂物的生产方法（专利号：ZL200410089358．2）》用于冶金行业高碳铬轴承钢的生产，其特征在于采用电炉初炼钢液、底吹氩LF钢包炉精炼、VD真空炉脱气、模铸或连铸的四步法冶炼工艺流程：通过电炉初炼的出钢用铝沉淀预脱氧、LF工位Fe—Si粉扩散渣脱氧和VD工位真空碳脱氧的综合脱氧工艺，同时在LF工位采用高碱度渣脱硫，在VD工位采用低碱度渣，减少渣中自由CaO的新精炼工艺，达到减少、细化钢中D类夹杂物的目的。     

LF（钢包炉）固体合成渣脱硫工业性试验研究

以３０ｔＥＢＴ超高功率电炉为初炼炉和４０ｔＬＦ（钢包炉）作为精炼炉，使用ＣａＯ－ＣａＦ２系固体合成渣对Ｑ２３５钢进行钢包炉内脱硫工业试验，在本试验条件下，当ＥＢＴ电炉初炼钢液（Ｓ）初＝０．０３５％～０．０８１％时，最佳精炼渣碱度Ｒｂ＝（％ＣａＯ）／（％ＳｉＯ２）为２．０～２．６或Ｒｆ＝（％ＣａＯ）＋（％ＭｇＯ）／（％ＳｉＯ２）＋（％Ａｌ２Ｏ３）为１．５～２．０，渣指数（ＣａＯ）／（ＳｉＯ２）：（Ａ     

电炉出钢过程的快速脱硫

本文介绍了电炉炼钢中控制还原渣理化性能、加大还原渣量、在出钢槽中和钢包里,连续扩大钢包反应界面的技术;该项技术使炉外脱硫效率较炉内提高30～40倍,为超硫限出钢,缩短电炉脱硫时间,生产低硫钢或超低硫钢提供了技术条件,是电炉炼钢增产节能重要途径之一。     

EBT电炉出钢到LF精炼渣的研究与应用

石横特钢厂为解决ＥＢＴ电炉出钢到ＬＦ精炼钢水的脱硫问题,研制开发了一种精炼脱硫剂。该脱硫剂具备脱硫、预脱氧和保护钢液不被二次氧化的作用。在ＥＢＴ电炉出钢混冲过程中该脱硫剂的平均脱硫率为３８．８％,最高达到６４．３％,ＬＦ精炼脱硫率达５５．７％,有效地降低了ＬＦ的各种消耗。     

钢包炉（LF）精炼渣的作用及特性分析

介绍了钢包炉（ＬＦ）精炼渣的组成，并确定了用于不同钢种的渣料配比，理化性能及其精炼效果，为生产高洁净钢改善了精炼条件。     

70t精炼包使用寿命及其影响因素

针对涟钢一炼钢厂ＬＦ钢包精炼炉投产以来，７０ｔ精炼包寿命比ＬＦ钢包炉投产前有较大幅度下降的情况，结合该厂电炉粗炼－ＬＦ钢包炉精炼－连铸的工艺，对影响精炼包寿命的因素进行了分析，并对提高其使用寿命的有效措施进行了探讨。     

100 t LF精炼脱硫生产实践

对影响钢水脱硫的热力学因素和动力学因素进行了分析讨论,并结合武钢一炼钢的实际和品种特点,从转炉冶炼控制,LF快速化渣、造渣,精炼温度,底吹氩流量,钢 渣脱氧,合理选择精炼渣系以及优化炉渣成分等方面提出了LF精炼脱硫的技术措施。     

极低硫X70钢的LF精炼工艺研究

 在极低硫（w(S)≤0.0020%）X70钢的生产过程中,从铁水脱硫扒渣、转炉冶炼到LF精炼各工序要严格控制,而LF精炼工艺是影响钢液深脱硫的关键因素。控制好LF精炼终渣碱度、氧化性和渣量,钢液温度和脱氧,已生产出w(S)波动在0.0004%~0.0030%范围,平均0.0014%的X70钢。     

GCr15轴承钢冶炼过程钢液洁净度变化

 研究了EAF→LF→VD→软搅→CC工艺生产GCr15轴承钢冶炼过程钢中T[O]及非金属夹杂物的变化情况。通过将电炉出钢碳质量分数控制为0.2%～0.4%、出钢加铝强脱氧及造预精炼渣、LF精炼过程造高碱度强还原性炉渣、VD真空强搅拌及防止中间包二次氧化,可以生产[w(T[O])]等于8×10－6的轴承钢。在炉外精炼过程中夹杂物经历了Al2O3→MgO·Al2O3→CaO-MgO-Al2O3演变。LF精炼过程夹杂物平均尺寸减小,经过VD真空处理后尺寸增加,接着在软搅和中间包过程继续减小。利用VD真空处理可以去除高达74%的夹杂物。     

Use of Computational Thermodynamic Calculations in Studying the Slag/Steel Equilibrium during Vacuum Degassing

The effectiveness of a ladle refining process for production of tool steel with focus on the top slag is studied using computational thermodynamic calculations. The theoretical assessment was based on compositional data of steel and slag samples collected during trials in a plant equipped with a 65‐t EAF, a ladle furnace and a vacuum degasser. The calculation of slag‐metal equilibrium during ladle treatment was performed for top slag excluding (Case A) and including (Case B) slag carryover and deoxidation products. The predictions showed that slag carryover and deoxidation products in the ladle significantly affect the composition of the top slag. Thus, these conditions must be taken into consideration when predicting the actual top slag composition. It was also found that it is possible to predict the final aluminium and sulphur content in steel based on the same calculation approach.     

宣钢110t LF炉深脱硫工艺优化

介绍了宣钢110 t LF炉的深脱硫工艺,通过优化加料方式、渣料配比、脱氧剂加入量等细节,提高了品种钢的深脱硫率和钢材质量.     

Model of Desulphurization of Steel Melts in Ladles – Deoxidation and Slag Formers Calculation

The authors present their own model applicable for effective desulphurization of steel by ladle treatment. The model is based on a thermodynamic approach (equilibrium data) and technological data (correction factors). It consists of two parts. In the first part the authors present the formulae derived for estimation of the additions of deoxidation agents which ensure sufficiently low oxygen level prior to the desulphurization process, while the other part gives a qualitative and quantitative selection of slag formers to achieve low final levels of sulphur in steel. For the deoxidation process two variants were considered: (i) with Al only (for low silicon steels) or (ii) Al‐Si (for silicon steels) as deoxidizers. For the desulphurization process three variants were assumed as to ladle slag composition: (i) slag consisting of a fraction of furnace slag, lime addition and deoxidation products, (ii) slag made of synthetic CaO–Al₂O₃ and (iii) slag based on lime and fluorspar. The model formulae for desulphurization were derived using the sulphide capacity concept which relies on the optical basicity. In addition, rough estimates of the slag liquidus temperatures are given. A numeric example of the model application and the model algorithm (appendix) are enclosed.     

低碳低硅-铝镇静钢C4C-Q工艺优化实践

对 120t BOF-LF-RH-CC 流程生产的低碳低硅-铝镇静钢 C4C-Q(/％:0.02～0.06C,≤0.06Si,0.02～0.05Al)冶炼硅含量高,可浇性差的原因进行了分析.通过工艺优化,转炉采用出钢两次挡渣模式和出钢后脱碳工艺,降低出钢氧含量,减少后期脱氧过程中生成Al2O3夹杂;通过优化LF脱氧模式...     

Mass Balance Modeling for Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace System in Steelmaking Facility in Turkey

  In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production processes, scrap steel is principally used as a raw material instead of iron ore. In the steelmaking process with EAF, scrap is first melted in the furnace and then the desired chemical composition of the steel can be obtained in a special furnace such as ladle furnace (LF). This kind of furnace process is used for the secondary refining of alloy steel. LF furnace offers strong heating fluxes and enables precise temperature control, thereby allowing for the addition of desired amounts of various alloying elements. It also provides outstanding desulfurization at high temperature treatment by reducing molten steel fluxes and removing deoxidation products. Elemental analysis with mass balance modeling is important to know the precise amount of required alloys for the LF input with respect to scrap composition. In present study, chemical reactions with mass conservation law in EAF and LF were modeled altogether as a whole system and chemical compositions of the final steel alloy output can be obtained precisely according to different scrap compositions, alloying elements ratios, and other input amounts. Besides, it was found that the mass efficiency for iron element in the system is 9593%. These efficiencies are calculated for all input elements as 845% for C, 3031% for Si, 4636% for Mn, 3064% for P, 4196% for S, and 6979% for Cr, etc. These efficiencies provide valuable ideas about the amount of the input materials that are vanished or combusted for 100 kg of each of the input materials in the EAF and LF system.     

LF炉渣循环利用脱硫效果试验研究

对LF炉热态渣料循环利用后脱硫效果展开试验,试验过程分循环渣中添加石灰和不添加石灰两部分进行。通过比较渣料循环后LF精炼出站钢水中硫的质量分数,取终渣样进行化学分析及计算硫容量和硫分配比,做出了对渣料循环脱硫效果的综合判断。     

20Cr13不锈钢25 t VOD-LF硅脱氧精炼工艺的生产试验

试验20Cr13不锈钢（/%:0.20C, 0.37Si, 0.54Mn, 0.030P,0.002S, 12.22Cr, 0.007Al）的生产流程为25t EAF-VOD-LF-模铸。分析了[Si]和炉渣碱度对渣中(Cr₂O₃）含量的影响和用硅脱氧工艺炉渣的脱硫效率。结果表明,20Cr13不锈钢VOD-LF硅脱氧精炼工艺铬的回收率为99. 27%;LF精炼开始的[S]为0. 014%,精炼结束[S]为0.007%,能满足实际生产需求;并可节约铝锭和高碳铬铁,降低20Cr13不锈钢生产成本。