Aluminium in food and daily dietary intake assessment from 15 food groups in Zhejiang Province,China

Aluminium was measured in 2580 samples of 15 food groups and dietary exposure was estimated. Samples were purchased and analysed during 2010 to 2014. High aluminium levels were found in jellyfish (mean 4862 mg/kg), laver (mean 455.2 mg/kg) and fried twisted cruller (mean 392.4 mg/kg). Dietary exposure to aluminium was estimated for Zhejiang residents. The average dietary exposure to aluminium via 15 food groups in Zhejiang Province was 1.15 mg/kg bw/week, which is below the provisional tolerable weekly intake of 2 mg/kg bw /week. Jellyfish is the main Al contributor, providing 37.6% of the daily intake via these 15 food groups. This study provided new information on aluminium levels and assessment of aluminium (Al) dietary exposure in Zhejiang Province of China.     

Suppression of blood glucose level by a new fermented tea obtained by tea‐rolling processing of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) and green tea leaves in disaccharide‐loaded Sprague‐Dawley rats

BACKGROUND: In the field of food science, much interest has been focused on the development of alternative medicinal foods with the ability to regulate excess blood glucose level (BGL) rise. The authors have successfully developed a new fermented tea product (LG tea) by co‐fermentation of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) leaf and summer‐harvested green tea leaf. The objective of this study was to examine the acute suppression effect of LG tea on BGL rise in disaccharide‐loaded Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats and to evaluate its possible usage as an antidiabetic functional food material. RESULTS: As a result of single oral administration of hot water extract of LG tea (50 mg kg^?1) to maltose‐loaded SD rats, BGL at 30 min was significantly decreased by 23.8% (P < 0.01) compared with the control. A corresponding reduction in serum insulin secretion was also observed. The ED₅₀ value of LG tea (50.7 mg kg^?1) was estimated to be about 16‐fold higher than that of the therapeutic drug acarbose (3.1 mg kg^?1). CONCLUSION: No significant change in BGL was observed when sucrose or glucose was administered, suggesting that the suppression effect of LG tea was achieved by maltase inhibition, not by sucrase inhibition or glucose transport inhibition at the intestinal membrane. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

黑果枸杞多糖对大鼠肝损伤的保护研究

目的:探讨黑枸杞多糖(LBP)对丙烯酰胺(AA)致大鼠肝损伤的保护作用。方法:取健康成年大鼠70只,随机分为7组:染毒模型组(AA,灌胃AA水溶液20 mg/kg bw)、阳性对照组(NAC+AA,灌胃AA水溶液20 mg/kg bw和N-乙酰半胱氨酸水溶液200 mg/kg bw)、毒性抑制组(LBP+AA,分黑枸杞多糖低、中、高剂量组,灌胃AA水溶液20 mg/kg bw后分别灌胃黑枸杞多糖50、100、150 mg/kg bw)、高剂量多糖组(LBPH,灌胃黑枸杞多糖200 mg/kg bw)、正常对照组(CT,给予同等体积生理盐水)。连续给药饲喂4周,实验期间每周对大鼠进行称重,结束给药后进行各类相关指标测定及观察肝脏组织结构。结果:与CT组相比较,AA染毒组大鼠体重减少显著,大鼠肝组织细胞内SOD、CAT、GSH-Px的含量均呈显著性降低,MDA、AST、ALT的含量显著增高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AA染毒组肝组织出现严重病变,肝小叶排列紊乱,肝细胞之间边缘界限模糊;与AA染毒组相比较,摄入不同浓度LBP实验组与NAC阳性对照组大鼠体重都得到明显改善,细胞中SOD、CAT、GSH-Px的活力均有显著性提高,肝组织中MDA、AST、ALT的含量均显著性降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NAC+AA组和LBP+AA各组肝组织病变情况得到很好的改善,肝细胞没有明显的病例症状,肝细胞排列正常,细胞边缘界限清楚,细胞结构完整。结论:黑枸杞多糖能够改善AA染毒大鼠的肝损伤,提高肝脏抗氧化水平。     

Assessment of exposure of broiler chicken in Brazil to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed

The objective of the present study was to assess the degree of exposure of broiler chicken to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed and the hygienic quality of feeds. For this purpose the total fungal count and occurrence of fumonisins and aflatoxins were evaluated in four feed types intended for broilers (n?=?158), collected from a poultry breeding farm in northern Paraná State, Brazil. In most feed samples (94 % pre-starter, 91 % starter, 99 % grower and 97 % finisher feeds) the total mould and yeast counts were below 1.0?×?10⁴ CFU/g, the maximum limit established to assure a good hygienic quality of the product. Fumonisins were detected in 94.9 % feed samples at mean levels ranging from 0.52 mg/kg (finisher) to 0.68 mg/kg (pre-starter and grower), while aflatoxins were detected in 72.1 % feed samples at mean levels ranging from 0.0022 mg/kg (pre-starter) to 0.0064 mg/kg (grower). The maximum estimated daily intake of fumonisin B₁ for broilers (0.057 mg/kg body weight/day) was below the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (2 mg/kg bw/day). Concerning aflatoxins, most of the positive samples (97 %) showed aflatoxin levels below the maximum limit allowed by the European Commission 0.02 mg aflatoxin B₁/kg. Nevertheless, a rigorous monitoring program of the feed producing chain is essential in order to minimize human health hazards. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the degree of exposure of broilers to mycotoxins through naturally contaminated feed in Brazil.     

Determination of diuretics and laxatives as adulterants in herbal formulations for weight loss

A new method is described for the determination of the most common diuretic and laxative adulterants found in formulations of anorexics and antidepressants. The method is based on the separation of furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone and amiloride (diuretics), phenolphthalein (laxative), amfepramone (anorexic) and fluoxetine and paroxetine (antidepressants) by capillary zone electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. The method showed a precision ranging from 1.9% to 6.9% for a concentration of 25 mg/L, 0.6% to 5.3% for a concentration of 50 mg/L and 1.6% to 6.0% for a concentration of 100 mg/L for all analytes. The accuracy was 99% for amiloride, 102% for chlorthalidone, 101% for hydrochlorothiazide, 101% for furosemide, 94% for phenolphthalein, 105% for fluoxetine, 114% for paroxetine and 117% for amfepramone. The method allowed the drugs to be determined in the formulations at concentrations higher than 5.1 mg/kg for amiloride, 7.7 mg/kg for chlorthalidone, 6.8 mg/kg for hydrochlorothiazide, 10.7 mg/kg for furosemide, 8.4 mg/kg for phenolphthalein, 11.0 mg/kg for fluoxetine, 9.4 mg/kg for paroxetine and 11.0 mg/kg for amfepramone. Three of the 26 analysed herbal formulations were found to be adulterated (not declared on the label) with the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. Five other samples contained diuretics declared on the label on the formulation. Thus, a total of eight samples, which were marketed as natural products, contained diuretics (declared or not) on the formulation.     

Lead and cadmium in foods/drinking water from Slovenian market/taps: Estimation of overall chronic dietary exposure and health risks

ABSTRACT

Approximately 3000 food samples from the Slovenian market and 2500 drinking (tap) water samples in the period 2011 ? 2016 were evaluated for the presence of toxic elements lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and the overall chronic dietary exposure was assessed for each element. The highest mean concentrations were found for Pb in products for special nutritional use – dietary supplements (0.383 mg/kg) and for Cd in fish and seafood (0.117 mg/kg). The consumption data were obtained from the national study of the household budget and from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) summary statistics. Chronic dietary exposure was estimated deterministically. The average Pb and Cd intakes from food and drinking (tap) water ranged for children from 0.90 to 1.021 µg/kg bw/day and 4.65 to 5.65 µg/kg bw/week, respectively, and for adults, including adolescents, from 0.40 to 0.53 µg/kg bw/day and 1.98 to 2.82 µg/kg bw/week, respectively. The high consumption of cereal-based foods and vegetables contributed most to overall Pb and Cd intake in the majority of the age groups. The exposure to Pb was generally lower and that to Cd was higher compared to the average EU values. The most exposed were children, as the health-based guidance values were exceeded for both elements, which indicates a health concern. An important contribution to Cd exposure can be attributed to grains and potatoes grown in Slovenia, where the soil contains more Cd than that in other EU countries. Further efforts to reduce Pb and Cd intake are required to minimize potential health risks.     

Lupinus mutabilis: Composition,Uses, Toxicology,and Debittering

Lupinus mutabilis has protein (32.0–52.6 g/100 g dry weight) and lipid (13.0–24.6 g/100 g dry weight) contents similar to soya bean (Glycine max). The Ω3, Ω6, and Ω9 contents are 1.9–3.0, 26.5–39.6, and 41.2–56.2 g/100 g lipid, respectively. Lupins can be used to fortify the protein content of pasta, bread, biscuits, salads, hamburgers, sausages, and can substitute milk and soya bean. Specific lupin protein concentrates or isolates display protein solubility (>90%), water-absorption capacity (4.5 g/g dry weight), oil-absorption capacity (3.98 g/g), emulsifying capacity (2000 mL of oil/g), emulsifying stability (100%, 60 hours), foaming capacity (2083%), foaming stability (78.8%, 36 hours), and least gelation concentration (6%), which are of industrial interest. Lupins contain bitter alkaloids. Preliminary studies on their toxicity suggest as lethal acute dose for infants and children 10 mg/kg bw and for adults 25 mg/kg bw. However, alkaloids can also have medical use for their hypocholesterolemic, antiarrhythmic, and immunosuppressive activity. Bitter lupins can be detoxified by biological, chemical, or aqueous processes. The shortest debittering process requires one hour. This review presents the nutritional composition of lupins, their uses (as food, medicine, and functional protein isolates), toxicology, and debittering process scenarios. It critically evaluates the data, infers conclusions, and makes suggestions for future research.     

A review of dietary exposure and toxicological information on epoxidised soybean oil (ESBO) in food-contact applications

ABSTRACT

Plasticisers have a long history of use in the industrial manufacture and processing of polymers for the purpose of increasing the flexibility and strength of the material. Approximately, 80–90% of the plasticiser market is devoted to the production of PVC, a highly versatile thermoplastic used to produce both rigid and flexible articles. Many types of plasticisers, including ortho-phthalate esters (OPE), can be added to PVC to impart flexibility. Recently, alternatives to OPEs, such as epoxy esters and aliphatic adipates, are becoming more prevalent for use in PVC-based food-contact articles. Epoxidised soybean oil (ESBO) is used as a plasticiser in flexible PVC for many food-contact articles, including food packaging and food processing equipment, from which it can potentially migrate into food and become a component of an individual’s daily diet. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the US dietary exposure and toxicological information on ESBO used in PVC-based food-contact articles. The cumulative dietary concentration (CDC) and cumulative estimated daily intake (CEDI) for ESBO from its use as a plasticiser in PVC-based food-contact articles (i.e. gaskets for glass jar lids and film wraps) was calculated to be 2.6 mg/kg (i.e. ppm) and 0.13 mg/kg bw/d, respectively, for the general population. Some regulatory agencies have reported safety levels for ESBO, and the most conservative no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was identified to be 100 mg/kg bw/d (i.e. 2000 ppm) based on a two-year feeding study in rats. The current CEDI is well below these levels, supporting the safe use of ESBO in food-contact applications.     

Caffeine intake and its sources: A review of national representative studies

Aim of this review is to summarize current daily caffeine intake of children, adolescents, and adults, and trends in caffeine intake over the past decade. A literature search was conducted (1997–2015) which yielded 18 reports on nationally representative studies, describing caffeine consumption of over 275,000 children, adolescents and adults. The data revealed that mean total daily caffeine intake in children, adolescents, and adults is below caffeine intake recommendations such as those stated by Health Canada (2.5 mg/kg bw/day for children and adolescents, and 400 mg/day for adults) and the European Food Safety Authority, EFSA (3 mg/kg bw/day for children and adolescents, and 400 mg/day for adults). Total daily caffeine intake has remained stable in the last 10–15 years, and coffee, tea and soft drinks are the most important caffeine sources. Across all age groups, energy drinks contribute little to total caffeine intake. The highest potential for reducing daily caffeine intake is by limiting coffee consumption, and in some countries and age groups, by reducing tea and soft drink consumption.     

蓝靛果花色苷对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠脂代谢和抗氧化能力的影响

目的:研究蓝靛果果渣花色苷(Lonicera caerulea residue anthocyanin,LCRA)对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠脂类代谢和抗氧化能力的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为基础对照,肥胖模型对照和低、中、高剂量花色苷共5组,即4.0、40.0、120mg/kg bw.d的花色苷灌胃,基础对照组和肥胖模型对照组分别灌胃生理盐水(1.2g/kg bw.d);连续28d后,分别测定大鼠体质量、脂肪、肝脏质量,血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量以及肝脏脂肪酶(LPS)、肝脂酶(HL)、脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)、超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性和脂质过氧化物(MDA)含量。结果:与肥胖模型对照组相比,LCRA能显著降低肥胖模型大鼠血脂水平,使肝脏LPS、HL、LPL、SOD和GSH-Px活性明显增强,MDA的生成量显著减少。结论:LCRA对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠脂代谢有明显调节作用,可有效减少肝脏过氧化损伤,预防动脉硬化的发生。     

大豆异黄酮降血脂作用的研究

目的：观察大豆异黄酮对高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响.方法：选择成年雌性SD大鼠50只,体重280～320g,随机分为四组：空白对照组：喂饲基础饲料;高脂模型组：喂饲高脂饲料;其余2组分别喂饲添加300、600mg/kg大豆异黄酮的高脂饲料.实验第6周末,空腹12h,5%戊巴比妥钠麻醉后,心脏取血及制备10%肝组织匀浆,测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、脂蛋白脂酶（LPL）、肝脂酶（HL）等指标.结果：与高脂组比较,SI剂量组大鼠肝脏中的TC、TG、LDL-C显著降低（p＜0.01）,HDL-C显著增高（p＜0.05）,LPL活性显著增强（p＜0.05）.结论：大豆异黄酮具有明显的降血脂作用.     

Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment of multiple mycotoxins in corn-based food products from Shandong,China

This study was designed to investigate the occurrence and exposure assessment of multiple mycotoxins in corn-based food products from Shandong Province, China. Results demonstrated that the mean level of total mycotoxins in test samples was 197.2 µg/kg. The most frequently found mycotoxins were deoxynivalenol (96.7%) and fumonisin B₁ (94.4%), with mean contamination levels of 65.24 and 128.2, respectively. Among these corn-based food products, thin corn pancake had the highest mean contamination (886.7 µg/kg), followed by wotou (143.7 µg/kg), corn cake (135.4 µg/kg) and mantou (63.73 µg/kg). The average exposure values to total fumonisins and deoxynivalenol were 0.05 and 0.02 µg/kg bw/day, which were lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake values of 2 and 1 µg/kg bw/day, respectively, as established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. In the future strict control and systematic monitoring are needed to secure food safety and human health.     

淫羊藿骨碎补联合骨营养补剂对骨质疏松大鼠的影响

目的:研究淫羊藿骨碎补鹿骨粉联合骨营养补剂对去卵巢所致骨质疏松大鼠的影响。方法:制备去卵巢大鼠,随机分为模型组、阳性药组（1.0 mg/kg·bw戊酸雌二醇片）、中药组（0.17 g/kg·bw淫羊藿骨碎补提取物,0.08 g/kg·bw鹿骨粉）、营养剂组（0.17 g/kg·bw氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐,0.08 g/kg·bw硫酸软骨素,0.17 g/kg·bw碳酸钙）、复方组（0.17 g/kg·bw淫羊藿骨碎补提取物,0.08 g/kg·bw鹿骨粉,0.17 g/kg·bw氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐,0.08 g/kg·bw硫酸软骨素,0.17 g/kg·bw碳酸钙）,另设假手术组。以上各组灌胃体积均为10 mL/kg·bw,1次/d,连续灌胃12周,每周称量体重并按体重调整灌胃量。12周之后测定各组大鼠股骨密度和骨钙含量并进行骨组织病理学检查。结果:淫羊藿骨碎补提取物中的主要功效成分为淫羊藿苷和黄酮类物质,含量分别为0.78%和4.38%。12周之后,与模型组相比,中药组、营养剂组的骨密度和骨钙含量均无显著性差异（P>0.05）,复方组骨密度和骨钙含量均显著高于模型组（P<0.05）。中药组、营养剂组具有减轻骨质疏松的趋势,但差异不显著（P>0.05）,复方组可以增加骨小梁成分,减轻骨小梁稀疏,变细、断裂的程度（P<0.01）。结论:复方组具有增加大鼠骨密度和骨钙含量的作用,可以减轻骨质疏松的程度,增加骨小梁成分,且复方组比单用中药或营养剂效果明显。     

Estimation of long-term dietary exposure to acrylamide of the Japanese people

Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen and known human neurotoxin. This study estimated hypothetical long-term dietary exposure to acrylamide of the Japanese people using probabilistic and deterministic approaches by combining the concentration of acrylamide in foods with the amount and frequency of food consumption in the population. Data included acrylamide concentrations in more than 2400 individual food samples from a national survey and the literature from 2004 to 2013. Food consumption amounts were derived from the data of 24,293 Japanese citizens aged 1 year and older in the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Median lifetime average dietary exposure to acrylamide was estimated as 147–154 ng/kg body weight (bw)/day (95th percentile, 226–261 ng/kg bw/day). The deterministic estimate of lifetime exposure was 158 ng/kg bw/day and ranged from 119 ng/kg bw/day for the period of life after 60 years old to 409 ng/kg bw/day for the period between 1 and 6 years old. This study found that vegetables cooked at a high temperature, coffee and cooked potato were the major food groups contributing to long-term dietary acrylamide exposure of the Japanese people.     

泡菜对大鼠血脂的调节作用研究

观察泡菜对高血脂大鼠血脂的影响.将SD大鼠32只随机分为4组:正常对照组、高脂模型组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组8只.造模成功后,高脂模型组每天给予脂肪乳剂灌胃(15ml/kg bw)和生理盐水(10ml/kg bw)灌胃各一次;低剂量组每天给予脂肪乳剂灌胃(10ml/kg bw)和泡菜匀浆(10ml/kg bw)灌胃各一次;高剂量组每天给予脂肪乳剂灌胃(10ml/kg bw)和泡菜匀浆(15ml/kg bw)灌胃各一次;正常对照组以与高脂组等量的生理盐水灌胃.分别于以泡菜灌胃10d和20d后空腹取血,检测血清TC、TG和HDL-C水平.数据分析表明:与高脂对照组相比,两个泡菜剂量组大鼠血清TC、TG水平均显著下降(p＜0.05),HDL-C水平只有高剂量组大鼠灌胃20d后显著增高(p＜0.05).泡菜对大鼠血脂具有一定的调节作用.     

Aluminium content of foods originating from aluminium-containing food additives

Aluminium (Al) levels of 90 food samples were investigated. Nineteen samples contained Al levels exceeding the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for young children [body weight (bw): 16 kg] when consuming two servings/week. These samples were purchased multiple times at specific intervals and were evaluated for Al levels. Al was detected in 27 of the 90 samples at levels ranging from 0.01 (limit of quantitation) to 1.06 mg/g. Of these, the Al intake levels in two samples (cookie and scone mix, 1.3 and 2 mg/kg bw/week, respectively) exceeded the TWI as established by European Food Safety Authority, although the level in the scone mix was equivalent to the provisional TWI (PTWI) as established by Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives. The Al levels markedly decreased in 14 of the 19 samples with initially high Al levels. These results indicated reductions in the Al levels to below the PTWI limits in all but two previously identified food samples.     

Bioactivity and metabolism of trans-resveratrol orally administered to Wistar rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the implications of selected chemopreventive parameters and metabolic conversion of resveratrol in vivo. In two 8-week long feeding experiments with rats, a low-resveratrol diet containing 50 mg resveratrol per kg body weight (bw) and day and a high-resveratrol diet with 300 mg per kg bw and day were administered. For chemopreventive evaluation selected phase I and phase II enzymes of the biotransformation system, the total antioxidant activity, and the vitamin E status of the animals were determined. The level of resveratrol and its metabolites in the feces, urine, plasma, liver, and kidneys was identified and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) using synthesized resveratrol conjugate standards. Feeding of different dosages of resveratrol revealed no effect on the different chemopreventive parameters, except for the total antioxidant activity, which was elevated in plasma by 19% after feeding 50 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day. The formation of trans-resveratrol-3-sulfate, trans-resveratrol-4'-sulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,5-disulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,4'-disulfate, trans-resveratrol-3,4',5-trisulfate, trans-resveratrol-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, and resveratrol aglycone was detected by HPLC analysis, depending on the biological material. Total resveratrol recovery in urine and feces of rats fed on 50 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day was 15% and 13%, respectively. For rats fed the higher dosage of 300 mg resveratrol per kg bw and day recovery was 54% and 17%, respectively. This is the first study performed with synthesized standards of relevant resveratrol conjugates. The lack of effect on the chemopreventive parameters is probably due to the formation of various resveratrol conjugates reducing its bioavailability in the rat.     

Modulatory effect of S-allylcysteine on glucose metabolism in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

The antihyperglycemic effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) on normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats was investigated. Diabetes was induced into male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration of STZ. The SAC was administered orally (150 mg/kg bw) to normal and STZ-diabetic rats for 45 days. The diabetic rats showed an increase in levels of blood glucose. In addition, diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in the activity of hexokinase, glycogen synthase, liver glycogen and an elevation in the activities of enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase. Treatment with SAC significantly decreased blood glucose and. SAC administration to diabetic rats reversed these enzyme activities in a significant manner. Thus, the results show that SAC possesses an antihyperglycemic activity and provide evidence for its traditional usage in the control of diabetes.     

癞葡萄水提物的降糖效果研究

为研究癞葡萄水提物对正常小鼠及四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠血糖浓度的影响,将不同剂量(250mg/kg体重、500mg/kg体重和750mg/kg体重)的水提物灌胃给予禁食12h的正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠。试验结果表明,癞葡萄水提物对正常小鼠的血糖浓度没有影响,而对四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠的血糖浓度有显著影响。其中500mg/kg剂量组糖尿病小鼠的血糖值在灌胃4h后较相应的初始血糖值下降45.28%,糖尿量提高38.39%;给予500mg/kg水提物治疗15d后,糖尿病小鼠血糖值较治疗前下降59.88%,同时对小鼠体重的恢复有一定的促进作用。结果表明癞葡萄水提物对四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠具有良好的预防和治疗效果。     

玉米肽对免疫性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

研究了玉米肽(CCP)对卡介苗与脂多糖(BCG+LPS)诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用.将60只小鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、水飞蓟宾阳性对照组、CCP低、中、高剂量组,第1 d,除正常组外,其余各组均经尾静脉注射BCG致敏;玉米肽组分别灌胃CCP 150、300、600 mb/kg·bw,阳性对照组灌胃水飞蓟宾50 mg/kg·bw,正常组、模型组则给予等量生理盐水,每天灌胃一次.15 d后,除正常组外,其余各组经尾静脉注射LPS攻击,诱导小鼠肝损伤.用试剂盒的方法分别检测各组小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活力,肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、NO含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力;并进行肝组织病理学镜检.结果与模型组相比,CCP高剂量组可极显著降低血清中ALT、AST活性(P<0.01),提高肝组织中GSH含量和SOD、GSH-Px活力,并降低肝组织中MDA、NO的含量(P<0.01),其护肝效果与50 mg/kg·bw水飞蓟宾接近;肝组织病理学镜检结果显示接近于正常组.玉米肽对卡介苗与脂多糖(BCG+LPS)诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤有良好的保护作用.