热处理工艺对TB2钛合金组织和性能的影响

研究了不同热处理工艺对TB2钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,该合金在730℃以上固溶处理已经开始再结晶,在730～820℃之间处理的样品强度和延伸率变化不大;在760℃固溶处理3 min,再结晶已经开始,保温时问≥20 min时晶粒变得相当粗大;合适的固溶处理制度为760℃,10 min;在固溶处理制度相同,时效时间为2 h,时效温度变化对强度和塑性影响大不;时效时间延长至8 h,随时效温度升高,Rm,RP0.2呈下降趋势;760℃,10 min固溶处理加500℃,8 h时效处理后,凡值最高可达到1 360 MPa.     

ZTC4钛合金铸件组织晶粒度测定及评估方法研究

目的 针对大型复杂精密钛合金铸件等飞机关键结构件组织和性能的评估,提出了一种ZTC4钛合金铸件组织晶粒度的评估及分析方法。方法 通过对各类钛合金典型铸件的结构复杂性、凝固过程等关键因素进行分析,对铸件组织随机取样、试样制备与试样显示、试样检验、图像自动拼接、晶界描绘、图像处理测量和数据统计分析的组织定量表征方法。结果 确定铸件在取样过程中需要关注的重要因素,如壁面厚度变化、筋板的交接状态、铸型的种类以及浇冒口位置等,建立了反映铸件上性能的取样原则,建立了基于像素统计的组织定量表征方法,涵盖了晶粒最大尺寸、最小尺寸、平均尺寸和晶粒不规则度等指标。结论 该方法可以真实、准确、定量地反映钛合金铸件的显微组织特征,为钛合金铸件的综合评估提供基础数据支撑。     

热处理对TC6钛合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文对比研究了四种典型的热处理工艺对TC6钛合金组织和性能的影响,并且详细研究了等温退火对TC6钛合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明：冷却速度的提高,合金组织形貌没明显的改变,但亚稳相的比例升高,有析出强化;等温退火中加热温度的提高,a晶粒有明显的粗化现象。普通退火、等温退火、双重退火、固溶时效四种热处理方式的常温和高温强度依次增高而塑性降低;对于等温退火,经920℃／1．5h,FC＋620℃／2h,AC热处理,TC6钛合金可以获得较好的综合力学性能。     

锻造火次对TB6钛合金断裂韧性和高周疲劳性能的影响

研究了在相同开坯锻造工艺,相同改锻温度下,不同锻造火次对TB6合金Ф220 mm规格锻棒的断裂韧性和高周疲劳性能的影响。通过SEM电镜观察了不同锻造火次锻棒高周疲劳试样的宏观、微观断口,分析了不同火次疲劳试样断口的不同区域的形貌。结果表明,在相同锻造温度下,20火次锻棒的组织均匀,断裂韧性、高周疲劳性能有较佳的匹配。     

TB6钛合金β区变形的动态再结晶动力学

使用圆柱形TB6钛合金试样在Thermecmaster-Z型热模拟试验机上进行热模拟压缩实验(变形温度为825~1100℃,应变速率为0.001~1 s^-1)。对采集的流变数据进行加工硬化率处理,确定动态再结晶体积分数,研究了TB6钛合金β区变形的动态再结晶动力学。结果表明,流变应力随着变形温度的降低或应变速率的提高而增大,流变曲线呈现出动态再结晶类型的特征。随着应变速率的降低和变形温度的提高,动态再结晶的体积分数和晶粒尺寸增大。在变形温度高于950℃、应变速率低于0.001 s^-1条件下,动态再结晶的晶粒严重粗化。动态再结晶动力学曲线经历缓慢增加—快速增加—缓慢增加三个阶段,呈现出典型的“S”型特征。确定了动态再结晶的体积分数达到50%时的应变,建立了TB6钛合金的动态再结晶动力学模型。     

TB6合金热压缩变形行为研究

本文主要研究了热变形过程中变形温度、应变速率对TB6合金组织性能的影响。研究表明流动应力随应变速率的升高而增大,随变形温度的升高而减小。而变形温度对流动应力的影响程度与应变速率的大小有关。     

退火温度对Ti-Zr二元纳米合金晶粒度的影响

利用机械合金化方法成功地制备出Ti-Zr二元纳米合金,并研究了退火温度对Ti-Zr二元纳米合金晶粒度的影响.在400℃以下对Ti-Zr二元纳米合金进行了退火处理,样品的XRD物相分析和TEM形貌及微观结构分析表明,Ti-Zr二元纳米合金没有生成新物相,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒度增大不明显,Ti-Zr二元合金仍属于纳米结构.     

钛合金晶粒细化研制进展

介绍了当前钛及钛合金晶粒细化的研制情况,着重介绍了热氢处理、循环热处理、大塑性变形和形变热处理技术应用于钛合金细化晶粒的研制进展,为读者提供一定的参考.     

轧制温度对IMI550钛合金棒材组织和力学性能的影响

研究了3种轧制温度对IMI550钛合金22 mm棒材组织和力学性能的影响。实验对具有相同初始状态的原材料采用相同的轧制变形量,轧制温度分别为Tβ-60℃、Tβ-25℃、Tβ+15℃。试验结果表明:IMI550钛合金棒材经Tβ-60℃轧制后的组织为等轴组织,Tβ-25℃轧制后为双态组织,Tβ+15℃轧制后的组织为网篮组织;等轴组织、双态组织和网篮组织的室温和400℃高温拉伸强度没有明显变化,并且等轴组织和双态组织的塑性也相当,但网篮组织的塑性较差,网篮组织的蠕变性能最好,双态组织的其次,等轴组织的最差。     

水火弯板加热参数对钛合金板材组织和性能的影响

通过研究钛合金在不同加热参数下进行水火弯板后的组织和性能 ,分析了水火弯板的加热温度和加热次数对钛合金的组织和性能的影响。结果表明 ,在 60 0～ 90 0℃范围内进行水火弯板时 ,合金的性能同室温的相比 ,随着加热温度的升高 ,合金的σb 有所增加 ,而σ0 .2 和δ5均较大幅度地减小。随着加热次数的增加 ,合金的σb 和σ0 .2 逐渐增加 ,而δ5则逐渐减小。合金的塑性和韧性随着加热温度的升高和加热次数的增加而下降 ,这是由表面产生脆性层和晶粒长大所造成的     

锐钛矿TiO2纳米晶体的微结构尺寸效应

对制备条件相同、晶粒度不同的锐钛矿TiO2 纳米晶体 (n A TiO2 )样品之晶粒微结构进行了细致的X射线衍射(XRD)研究 ,给出了标明晶面指数 (hkl)和晶面间距 (dhkl)值的系列XRD谱 ,并得到了晶面间距、晶格常数、轴比、晶胞体积等参数数值及其相对常规粗晶的变化情况 ,从而初步揭示出该样品晶粒微结构随粒度的变化情况。发现了锐钛矿TiO2 纳米晶体样品中存在着单调的各向异性微结构尺寸效应     

Effect of Microstructure on Electrorheological Property for Pure Particle Material

Pure titanium dioxide (TiO2) particle materials were prepared by hydrolyzing titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). The microstructures of these materials were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), accelerated surface area and porosimetry apparatus (BET), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TiO2 materials obtained by calcinations under different temperatures distinctly revealed different microstructures in crystal structure type, surface area, pore size, pore volume and grain size. The relationship between the microstructure of the TiO2 materials and their electrorheological (ER) activity was investigated. Anatase titania particles have better ER performance than rutile titania particles. Amorphous TiO2 materials display higher ER activity than the crystalline titania materials. A large pore volume can be more advantageous in improving the ER effect of a particle material.     

Effect of Cooling Conditions on Grain Size of AZ91 Alloy

The grain size of AZ91 alloy was investigated in terms of the effects of cooling rate, superheat and steel gauze. It was found that rapid cooling rate and low superheat favoured the achievement of fine grain structures. The gauze had a less profound effect on the grain size in AZ91 magnesium alloy than that in A356 aluminum alloy. The mechanisms by which these factors affect grain refinement of AZ91 have also been discussed.     

Effect of Microstructure on Electrorheological Property for Pure TiO2 Particle Material

Pure titanium dioxide （TiO2） particle materials were prepared by hydrolyzing titanium tetrachloride （TiCl4）. The microstructures of these materials were determined by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, accelerated surface area and porosimetry apparatus （BET）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The TiO2 materials obtained by calcinations under different temperatures distinctly revealed different microstructures in crystal structure type, surface area, pore size, pore volume and grain size. The relationship between the microstructure of the TiO2 materials and their electrorheological （ER） activity was investigated. Anatase titania particles have better ER performance than rutile titania particles. Amorphous TiO2 materials display higher ER activity than the crystalline titania materials. A large pore volume can be more advantageous in improving the ER effect of a particle material.     

Oxygen Permeation Behaviors and Hardening Effect of Titanium Alloys at High Temperature

In order to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of Ti and Ti alloy components, an oxygen permeationtreatment (OPT) was developed. The oxygen permeation behaviors of three Ti alloys, TA2, TB5 and TC11, treatedin air with O-P medium at high temperature have been studied. The results show that the O-P treatment cansignificantly improve the surface hardness of Ti alloys. The oxidation mass-gain of β-Ti alloy (TB5) is much higherthan α-Ti alloy (TA2) under the same condition, while α β Ti alloy (TC11) is the lowest. All the Ti alloys treatedat this condition produce two surface layers: the outer layer consists mainly of TiO2, as well as trace of other oxides,and the inner layer consists of a Ti-O interstitial solid solution formed by the diffusion of oxygen in α crystal latticeThick scales of β Ti alloy (TB5) are easily formed depending mainly on the poor solid solution content of oxygen,while deep solution layer can be formed since partial β phase has been transformed into α phase. The scales of α-βTi alloy (TC11) are very thin and compact. Aluminum-rich zone, as well as deficient zone, is found in oxide layerrs.A crystallographic characterization of oxygen solution layer has been performed and evaluated by crystallographiclattice constant.     

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of the Grain Size Evolution during Isothermal Forging of a TC6 Alloy

Hot compression was conducted at a Thermecmaster-Z simulator, at deformation temperatures of 800～1040℃, with strain rates of 0.001～50 s-1 and height reduction of 50%. Grain size of the prior α phase was measured with a Leica LABOR-LUX12MFS/ST microscope to which QUANTIMET 500 software for image analysis for quantitative metallography was linked. According to the present experimental data, a constitutive relationship for a TC6 alloy and a model for grain size of the prior α phase were established based on the Arrhenius' equation and the Yada's equation,respectively. By finite element (FE) simulation, deformation distribution was determined for isothermal forging of a TC6 aerofoil blade at temperatures of 860～940℃ and hammer velocities of 9～3000.0 mm/min. Meanwhile, the grain size of the prior α phase is simulated during isothermal forging of the TC6 aerofoil blade, by combining FE outputs with the present grain size model. The present results illustrate the grain size and its distribution in the prior α phase during the isothermal forging of the TC6 aerofoil blade. The simulated results show that the height reduction, deformation temperature, and hammer velocity have significant effects on distribution of the equivalent strain and the grain size of the prior α phase.     

Materials Design of Microstructure in Grain Boundary and Second Phase Particles

A concept of microstructure design for materials or materials microstructure engineering is proposed. The argument was suggested based on literature review and some our new research work on second phase strengthening mechanisms and mechanical property modeling of a particulate reinforced metal matrix composite. Due to development of computer technology, it is possible now for us to establish the relationship between microstructures and properties systematically and quantitatively by analytical and numerical modeling in the research scope of computerization materials. Discussions and examples on intellectual optimization of microstructure are presented on two aspects:grain boundary engineering and optimal geometry of particulate reinforcements in two-phase materials.