新型活性粉末混凝土的开发与性能研究

活性粉末混凝土是一种高性能的混凝土,现已开始进入实用阶段。在分析活性粉末混凝土特点的基础上,采用常规材料和一般工艺来配制活性粉末混凝土,对其性能进行测试,并探讨了它在工程方面的应用。     

活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能指标取值

为促进活性粉末混凝土在工程中的应用,收集整理与活性粉末混凝土相关的文献．提出以边长70.7 mm立方体抗压强度标准值为依据的活性粉末混凝土强度等级划分方法．对活性粉末混凝土立方体抗压强度尺寸效应、轴心抗压强度、轴心抗拉强度、弹性模量、峰值压应变和极限压应变等基本力学性能指标进行分析,获得了活性粉末混凝土相关力学性能指标之间的换算关系,并基于一次二阶矩法推导得出活性粉末混凝土的材料分项系数．     

硅灰掺量对活性粉末混凝土(RPC200)性能的影响

为了解硅灰对活性粉末混凝土性能的影响,以及硅灰在活性粉末混凝土中的增强机理,通过试验分析,讨论了活性粉末混凝土中硅灰掺量变化对混凝土密度、相对密度和抗压强度等性能的影响.硅灰的微填充效应有利于提高活性粉末混凝土的密度和相对密度,而火山灰效应有利于提高其强度.当硅灰掺量约为水泥掺量的25%~35%时,可获得性能较好的RPC200.为降低成本而又不大幅度损害活性粉末混凝土的强度,超细粉煤灰等矿物掺合料替代硅灰的量不宜超过20%.     

活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能试验研究

进行76组不同尺寸立方体试件和12组棱柱体试件的单轴受压力学性能试验,研究了活性粉末混凝土的强度标准,探讨活性粉末混凝土的基本力学性能指标(峰值应变、弹性模量、横向变形系数等)与棱柱体抗压强度之间的关系,建立了活性粉末混凝土应力-应变曲线上升段方程.     

活性粉末混凝土基本力学性能试验研究

进行76组不同尺寸立方体试件和12组棱柱体试件的单轴受压力学性能试验，研究了活性粉末混凝土的强度标准，探讨活性粉末混凝土的基本力学性能指标(峰值应变、弹性模量、横向变形系数等)与棱柱体抗压强度之间的关系，建立了活性粉末混凝土应力一应变曲线上升段方程。     

GFRP筋活性粉末混凝土梁正截面抗裂度计算方法

为研究GFRP筋活性粉末混凝土梁抗裂性能,进行8根GFRP筋活性粉末混凝土梁受弯性能试验,获得这类梁的开裂荷载试验值.参照普通钢筋混凝土梁正截面抗裂度计算方法,结合活性粉末混凝土受拉应力-应变关系,建立GFRP筋活性粉末混凝土梁正截面抗裂度计算模型,得到与配筋率成线性关系的截面抵抗矩塑性影响系数的计算公式.将按此公式计算得到的开裂荷载计算值与试验值进行对比,结果表明两者吻合良好.由此得到GFRP筋活性粉末混凝土梁正截面抗裂度计算方法.     

活性粉末混凝土的强度影响因素试验研究

基于已有理论研究,采用42.5普通硅酸盐水泥、矿渣、硅灰、高效减水剂、消泡剂以及标准砂等原料,进行活性粉末混凝土的配制试验.为了得到比较合理的配合比,制作了多组试件供试验,并研究了不同水胶比、砂胶比、外加剂掺量、钢纤维掺量对于活性粉末混凝土抗压强度和抗折强度的影响.在保证活性粉末混凝土性能的前提下,探究采用常见材料的活性粉末混凝土配合比.     

低温养护活性粉末混凝土力学性能试验研究

低温养护活性粉末混凝土力学性能的研究可为北方地区实际工程冬期现场施工的可行性提供科学依据。文章通过五因素四水平正交试验,研究了北方地区冬期低温-10～10℃养护条件下活性粉末混凝土的力学性能,考察了水胶比、胶砂比、钢纤维掺量、减水剂掺量及硅灰与粉煤灰质量比5种因素对活性粉末混凝土流动度、立方体抗压强度和轴心抗拉强度等性能的影响,并通过极差和方差分析综合确定了低温养护条件下既定试验因素的主次顺序与最优化因素水平组合。结果表明：水胶比、胶砂比对低温养护条件下活性粉末混凝土力学性能的影响较大,而水胶比对活性粉末混凝土流动度、抗压强度及抗拉强度起着控制作用;最优化水平因素组合为0.2的水胶比、0.95的胶砂比、2.2%的钢纤维掺量、0.9%的减水剂掺量和1.5的硅灰与粉煤灰质量比;在冬季低温养护条件下仍能得到高抗压强度、高抗拉强度且流动度较好的活性粉末混凝土。     

大掺量矿物细粉掺和料活性粉末混凝土高温性能

研究了大掺量矿物细粉活性粉末混凝土高温爆裂性能和高温后的抗压强度.结果表明,试件的爆裂温度随着水胶比的减小而降低,爆裂几率随水胶比的降低而增大;高温爆裂的初始时间和温度随矿物细粉掺和料掺量增多而降低;聚丙烯纤维能有效地改善活性粉末混凝土抗爆裂性能;活性粉末混凝土经200℃高温后的抗压强度有所增加,且聚丙烯纤维的加入可使活性粉末混凝土抗压强度和200℃范围内残余强度率有一定幅度提高.     

掺稻壳灰的活性粉末混凝土拌合物性能研究

在一定条件下焚烧稻壳形成的稻壳灰具有高火山灰活性并有望用于活性粉末混凝土中。将自制高活性稻壳灰采用内掺法加入活性粉末混凝土中代替部分优质水泥,研究稻壳灰替代量对不同钢纤维掺量的活性粉末混凝土工作性能、含气量及表观密度等的影响。结果表明:当稻壳灰等量替代水泥后,随替代量的增加,活性粉末混凝土拌合物流动性降低,含气量减小,表观密度先增大后减小;而随着钢纤维掺量的增加,拌合物的流动性降低,含气量稍有减小,表观密度增加幅度较明显。     

Size effect on compressive strength of reactive powder concrete

In this paper the coefficient and law of the size effect of RPC were studied through experiments and theoretical analysis. The size-effect coefficients for the compressive strength of RPC are deduced through experiments. They indicate that RPC without fiber behaves quite the same as normal or high strength concrete. The size effect on compressive strength is more prominent in RPC containing fiber. Bazant's size effect formula of compressive strength applies to RPC. A formula is given to predict the compressive strength of cubic RPC specimens 100 mm on a side where the fiber dosage ranges from 0-2%.     

活性粉末混凝土力学性能试验

为了研究活性粉末混凝土（RPC）的基本力学性能,在查阅各国相关文献的基础上,进行了一系列RPC力学性能试验和试验数据分析,得到了RPC的抗压强度、劈裂强度、弹性模量、泊松比、钢筋与RPC的黏结强度等数据,比较了钢筋在RPC和普通混凝土（NC）中的黏结性能,分析了RPC的应力一应变关系。结果表明：RPC的棱柱体应力一应变关系曲线接近于直线,为脆性材料;其力学性能总体上优于普通混凝土;泊松比可取为0．2,劈裂强度、弹性模量及轴心抗拉强度等可采用普通混凝土的经验公式进行计算。     

高温后RPC立方体抗压强度退化规律研究

为摸清活性粉末混凝土(RPC)的高温爆裂情况及高温后立方体抗压强度的退化规律,对300个70.7 mm×70.7 mm×70.7 mm的RPC立方体试件和120个40 mm×40 mm×160 mm的RPC棱柱体试件进行高温试验与高温后抗压试验,考察纤维种类、纤维掺量、温度、尺寸效应等因素对RPC立方体抗压强度及受压破坏特征的影响。结果表明：单掺钢纤维体积率为2%或单掺聚丙烯纤维体积率为0.3%时可以有效防止RPC发生爆裂;钢纤维可以有效提高RPC高温后立方体抗压强度并改善其受压破坏特征,聚丙烯纤维对抗压强度有不利影响． 高温后RPC立方体抗压强度随经历温度的升高呈先增大后减小的变化规律,通过回归分析,建立了RPC立方体抗压强度随温度变化的计算公式．     

RPC材料的抗折强度尺寸效应研究

为了研究活性粉末混凝土材料（RPC）的抗折强度尺寸效应，采用3种试块测量RPC材料抗折强度。通过统计分析、数据拟合，并应用Bazant断裂力学尺寸效应理论分析RPC材料尺寸效应现象。结果表明：RPC材料试块的尺寸越小，其抗折强度越大，具有明显的尺寸效应现象；基于Bazant能量释放的尺寸效应和无切口情况下的尺寸效应分别在一定的尺寸范围内与试验结果吻合良好，但是不适用于全尺寸范围；本文提出的修正公式在全尺寸范围内都能较好反映RPC抗折强度．     

Preparation of Reactive Powder Concrete Using Fly Ash and Steel Slag Powder

To decrease the cement and SF content of RPC by using ultra-fine fly ash (UFFA) and steel slag powder (SS), the effect of these mineral admixtures on compressive strength of RPC were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the utilization of UFFA and SS in RPC is feasible and has prominent mechanical performance. The microstructure analysis (SEM and TG-DTG-DSC) demonstrated that the excellent mechanical properties of RPC containing SS and UFFA were mainly attributed to the sequential hydration ...     

Experimental study on mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete

The axial compressive strength,axial tensile strength,elastic modulus,poisson ratio and stress-strain relationship of RPC are obtained by compressive tests and tensile tests of RPC prism.Mathematical models of axial compressive and axial tensile stress-strain relationship are established,from which the equivalent coefficient of compressive and tensile stress diagram of cross-section in RPC beam are deduced.The results provide the theory basis for the design of RPC structure and the wider popularization of RPC.     

Preparation of reactive powder concrete using fly ash and steel slag powder

To decrease the cement and SF content of RPC by using ultra-fine fly ash (UFFA) and steel slag powder (SS), the effect of these mineral admixtures on compressive strength of RPC were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the utilization of UFFA and SS in RPC is feasible and has prominent mechanical performance. The microstructure analysis (SEM and TG-DTG-DSC) demonstrated that the excellent mechanical properties of RPC containing SS and UFFA were mainly attributed to the sequential hydration filling effect of the compound system.     

Fatigue properties of RPC under cyclic loads of single-stage and multi-level amplitude

Fatigue properties of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) under axial compression of single-stage and multi-level amplitude in cycles were studied. The tests reveal the fatigue life, the strain and residual life of the RPC samples. Through the analysis of the test results under cyclic loads of single amplitude, the S-N curve of RPC and the evolution rule of macro-damage of RPC were presented, which can be divided into latency stage, stable development stage and instability development stage according to the evolution pattern of the fatigue crack. Accordingly, the development of longitudinal deformation presents the similar three-stage-model, and the proportion of each stage is 15%, 75%, and 10%. According to test results, the fatigue strength reduction factor is 0.564. We brought forward an empirical formula to predict the life of RPC via total longitudinal strain and got the evolving rule for the residual strength of the RPC. The analysis of the test results under cyclic loads of multi-level amplitude shows that the strain under this loading pattern experiences three stages. The characteristic value for the residual strain was obtained. The irreversible damage and non-linear evolution of RPC was described by the development of the residual plastic strain.