国内外橡胶防护蜡的研究进展与市场应用状况

介绍了橡胶防护蜡作为抗臭氧剂在橡胶轮胎中的作用机理及其性能的影响因素,综述了国内外橡胶防护蜡的研究进展和市场概况,并对我国橡胶防护蜡的研究开发和市场推广提出展望。橡胶防护蜡是通过迁移在橡胶轮胎表面形成致密的防护膜,将橡胶大分子隔离起来,起到静态防臭氧作用。橡胶防护蜡通常以石蜡和微晶蜡等为原料,添加多种助剂调合制得,以正异构烷烃的碳数分布、熔点等作为评价指标,主要影响橡胶防护蜡性能的3个因素为温度、橡胶体系特性、石蜡结构及性能。     

橡胶防护蜡的研究进展与应用

介绍橡胶防护蜡的组成、防护机理、防护效果的影响因素以及研究进展与应用现状。普遍使用的橡胶防护蜡是由石蜡和微晶蜡调配而成的混合蜡;橡胶防护蜡迁移到橡胶表面形成一层致密的保护薄膜,阻挡臭氧分子对橡胶大分子的攻击;橡胶防护蜡的碳数分布和正构烷烃/异构烷烃的比例对其在橡胶表面的防护效果影响较大,其熔点和环境温度也对其迁移有影响。国内橡胶防护蜡产品虽然有了一定的进步和发展,但在产品特性和质量方面与进口橡胶防护蜡产品存在一定的差距,稳定橡胶防护蜡产品原材料的质量以及其与不同橡胶及助剂体系的综合性研究是今后橡胶防护蜡产品开发方向之一。     

进口橡胶防护蜡与国产橡胶防护蜡性能对比研究

本文通过对国产橡胶防护蜡与进口橡胶防护蜡在炭数分布，实际耐臭氧性能以及对胶料物理机械性能的影响进行对比，实验表明，国产橡胶防护蜡L5866无论在炭数分布，实际耐臭氧性能还是对胶料物理机械性能影响方面接近或达到进口橡胶防护蜡的水平。这说明国产橡胶防护蜡L5866完全可以替代进口橡胶防护蜡。     

橡胶防护蜡

介绍了制备橡胶防护蜡的主要原料,分析了橡胶防护蜡的主要成分。论述了橡胶防护蜡的作用机理及影响橡胶防护蜡防护性能的主要因素。     

抚顺石化经济技术开发实业总公司推出新型橡胶防护蜡

抚顺石化经济技术开发实业总公司推出新型橡胶防护蜡 抚顺石化经济技术开发实业总公司完成的新型橡胶防护蜡系列产品开发项目，近日通过了中国石油组织的专家验收。橡胶防护蜡是橡胶工业中的一种物理防老剂。随着我国汽车工业的飞速发展，极大地带动了橡胶轮胎产业，橡胶防护蜡的需求不断增加。抚顺石化公司拥有丰富的石蜡资源，因此，开发橡胶防护蜡系列产品有着十分重要的意义。     

新型多功能防护蜡在橡胶中的应用研究

防护蜡是一种物理防老剂,在橡胶行业有着广泛的应用。最早的防护蜡以进口产品为主,主要用于高档子午线轮胎和特种橡胶制品的生产。国内在1990年后开始加大了橡胶防护蜡的开发跟进力度,抚顺石油化工研究院、荆门炼油厂、中石化南阳石蜡精细化工厂等先后研制成功橡胶防护蜡。但与国外相比,我国的橡胶防护蜡以模仿进口产品为主,缺乏自主创新。我国的橡胶防护蜡的生产品种和质量还有待于开发提高。     

橡胶防护蜡的开发与应用

橡胶防护蜡的迁移性能是其在轮胎和橡胶制品胶料中应用的重要特性。从橡胶防护蜡自身性质、胶料配方因素和改性角度,介绍橡胶防护蜡的开发与应用。橡胶防护蜡的配方优化应该从轮胎和橡胶制品的生产和应用要求出发,精确控制碳数分布和正异构烷烃比例,生产出高质量的橡胶防护蜡以适应市场需求。     

我国微晶蜡的生产现状与市场分析(二)

(接上期)3.2 橡胶防护 石油蜡在橡胶制品中用作物理防老剂已有很久的历史,这是因为石油蜡能迁移到橡胶表面形成蜡膜,起到屏障臭氧、延缓橡胶臭氧氧化的作用。 我国从20世纪80年代初开始进行橡胶防护蜡的研究。90年代初期,随着子午线轮胎生产线的大规模引进,橡胶防护蜡的应用开始逐渐扩大。目前我国轮胎生产企业有363家,据中国橡胶工业协会轮胎分会不完全统计,1998年全国子午线轮胎产量已达1985万条,耗用橡胶防护蜡近3000t,2000年     

橡胶防护蜡的专业制造商——抚顺油研特种蜡有限公司

正七十年代初率先在国内开发出橡胶防护蜡,定期在国内外期刊发表防护蜡论文,引领橡胶防护蜡的技术导向,RP-3、P、A-654、A-117、FLY-3、HGB-6、HGB-10等深受国内外客户信赖。主要产品: RP-3型橡胶防护蜡 A-6700高熔点型橡胶防护蜡经理:秦东跃13332127558电话:024-58332388传真:024-54056908网址:www.tezhongla.com邮件:tezhongla@sina.com     

橡胶防护蜡的专业制造商——抚顺油研特种蜡有限公司

正七十年代初率先在国内开发出橡胶防护蜡,定期在国内外期刊发表防护蜡论文,引领橡胶防护蜡的技术导向,RP-3、P、A-654、A-117、FLY-3、HGB-6、HGB-10等深受国内外客户信赖。主要产品:RP-3型橡胶防护蜡A-6700高熔点型橡胶防护蜡经理:秦东跃13332127558电话:024-58332388传真:024-54056908网址:www.tezhongla.com邮件:tezhongla@sina.com     

特种蜡的生产现状与市场分析

特种蜡是具有特殊用途的技术含量高的石蜡产品.综述了国内外特种蜡生产现状以及我国特种蜡生产面临的挑战与机遇,分析了精密铸造用蜡、防锈蜡、乳化炸药蜡、电力电子元器件用蜡、橡胶防护蜡、乳化蜡、感温蜡及塑料润滑用蜡等主要特种蜡产品的生产现状与消费情况.建议今后特种蜡的生产企业与科研院所加强联合,完善特种蜡的标准化工作,搞好基础蜡的生产,并注重市场开发和营销.     

农业轮胎胎面胶的配方优化

对农业轮胎胎面胶的配方进行优化。结果表明,在农业轮胎胎面胶配方中适当增大顺丁橡胶用量、减小丁苯橡胶用量,以双峰防护蜡等量替代单峰防护蜡,硫化胶的耐低温性能明显提高,其他性能基本相当,可改善农业轮胎在寒冷地区、寒冷季节易出现龟裂的问题。     

冷柱头进样气相色谱法分析橡胶防护蜡的碳数分布

研究冷柱头进样气相色谱法分析橡胶防护蜡的碳数分布以及正构烷烃/非正构烷烃比例。结果表明,采用冷柱头进样方法,在样品量为10 mg、样品完全溶解后静置10~30 min并取上层清液以及进样量为1μL时,分析得到的气相色谱峰的峰形和响应信号最优。本方法测定橡胶防护蜡的碳数分布以及正构烷烃/非正构烷烃比例结果准确、可靠。     

天然橡胶硫化胶耐臭氧老化性能的快速评价方法

考察了伸长率、臭氧体积分数、相对湿度等试验条件对天然橡胶（NR）硫化胶耐静态臭氧老化性能的影响,建立了NR硫化胶耐臭氧老化的快速评价方法,并用该方法优选出了适宜NR胶料的防护蜡及其适宜用量。结果表明,提高伸长率,增加臭氧体积浓度和相对湿度,试样表面开始出现臭氧龟裂且龟裂程度逐渐增大。炭黑填充的NR硫化胶耐臭氧老化性能适宜的快速评价条件为:温度为40 ℃、伸长率为50%、臭氧体积分数为1.00×10-4%、相对湿度为50%。提高防护蜡中异构烷烃含量和中间碳数烷烃含量以及防护蜡用量,有利于改善NR硫化胶耐臭氧老化性能。运用该快速评价方法筛选出NR硫化胶耐臭氧老化性能较好的为防护蜡A,其最佳用量为3份。     

石蜡应用研究进展

综述了国内外石蜡、乳化蜡的最新应用情况,分析了国内石蜡产业存在的问题,并展望了今后特种蜡的发展趋势和方向。     

涂装工艺中常见的辅助工序

论述了目前国内涂装过程中常易忽视的几道辅助工序．并提出了打磨、抛光以及汽车车身涂装中涂密封胶、喷车底涂料和喷涂保护蜡等相关工艺要求和操作方法。     

Effect of temperature on the extent of migration of low molecular weight moieties to rubber surface

Vulcanized rubbers contain different low molecular weight additives in their formulation, including antiozonants, plasticizers, oils, etc. These moieties - mostly paraffin wax - often migrate to the surface causing a weak boundary layer of non-rubber contaminants which is deleterious for adhesion of rubber to adhesives (such as polyurethane and polychloroprene adhesives). One of the key steps in the manufacturing of rubber/adhesive joints is the reactivation, i.e. sudden heating of the thin adhesive layers on the substrates to be joined under infrared (IR) radiation to 80-90 °C for a few seconds to allow diffusion of the polymeric chains under pressure. This reactivation may cause the migration of low molecular weight additives to the rubber surface causing a lack of adhesion. The main aim of this study was to .identify the influence of the reactivation temperature (40 to 170 °C) on the surface properties of sulphur vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber and determine the extent of the diffusion of paraffin wax and zinc stearate to the rubber surface. The changes produced on the rubber surface were measured immediately after reactivation treatment by ethylene glycol contact angle measurements, attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the weight loss of the rubber after reactivation at different temperatures was recorded.The reactivation of the rubber at different temperatures produced changes in the morphology and thickness of the paraffin wax layer on the surface. By heating at temperature close to that of the paraffin wax melting point, the paraffin wax migration was favoured and at the same time the crystals of paraffin wax on the rubber surface were melted. As a consequence a thicker and smoother film of melting paraffin wax was formed. By increasing the reactivation temperature, a partial removal of paraffin wax was produced and the thickness of the paraffin wax film on the rubber surface was reduced. For reactivation temperatures below 90 °C, the higher the temperature, the lower the weight loss of the rubber, because the increase in the surface area of the melted paraffin wax layer that prevented migration from the rubber bulk. However, for reactivation temperature higher than 90 °C, the weight loss of the rubber increased with the reactivation temperature and this was likely due to sublimation of the paraffin wax on the rubber surface. Besides, even after reactivation at 170 °C, a thin film of paraffin wax always remained on the rubber surface as was evidenced by contact angle measurements. On the other hand, a critical reactivation temperature at 90-100 °C existed at which the migration of zinc stearate to the paraffin wax layer on the rubber surface was favoured.     

橡胶防护蜡的作用机理及影响其防护性能的因素

结合橡胶防护蜡的作用机理说明橡胶制品环境温度、石蜡化学组成、硫化胶交联度、石蜡内部迁移、胶料配合剂和石蜡浓度是直接影响防护蜡性能的因素。指出改性防护蜡是今后橡胶防护蜡的一个发展方向。     

机电工业的快速发展为橡塑密封件行业带来新商机

橡塑密封件属于机械基础件,密封件在动力机械行业占有重要的地位,是机械产品性能、质量、可靠性、耐久性的重要保证。密封件市场面临大发展的新时期,介绍了橡塑密封产品的潜在市场及需求商机,同时指出了加快橡塑密封件产品发展的对策及橡塑密封件行业的发展趋势。     

Weak boundary layers on vulcanized styrene–butadiene rubber treated with sulfuric acid

A synthetic vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber (R2) was used in this study. The presence of paraffin wax and zinc stearate in the rubber composition prevented the adhesion of R2 rubber to solvent-based polyester-urethane adhesive. To increase the adhesion properties of R2 rubber, a surface treatment with sulfuric acid (cyclization) was applied, and the length of the immersion in sulfuric acid and the time between the immersion time and the neutralization were varied. The treated R2 rubber surfaces were characterized using ATR-IR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements (water, ethanediol), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of the treated rubber were obtained from stress-strain experiments. The joint strength was obtained from the T-peel test on treated R2 rubber/polyurethane adhesive joints. Due to the penetration of the sulfuric acid into the R2 rubber bulk, the mechanical properties decreased. The treatment with sulfuric acid produced several chemical modifications on the rubber surface: sulfonation of the butadiene and the creation of C C and C O bonds. Furthermore, the surface treatment of the R2 rubber with sulfuric acid removes paraffin wax from the rubber surface, which had a beneficial effect on adhesion to the polyurethane adhesive. To remove the wax layer, the surface was wiped with petroleum ether solvent after treating the R2 rubber with sulfuric acid. However, in some experiments a progressive migration of wax from the R2 rubber bulk to the surface with time happened. The migration of wax was prevented by increasing the immersion time in H₂SO₄ by more than 5 min.