共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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移动机器人计算机控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据移动机器人跟踪控制和运动规划的目的,设计了一套计算机控制系统,其中包括计算机控制部分、直流伺服电机驱动部分、视觉系统部分和电机转向分辨电路部分,以及控制程序设计流程。该系统的硬件和软件能够有效快速驱动移动机器人跟踪预定的路径以及完成运动规划。 相似文献
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全方位移动机器人在二维空间具有完整性约束条件,能够灵活地任意方向移动,受到了广泛的关注。针对三轮全方位机器人的运动控制问题,建立其运动学模型。采用输入变换解耦及状态反馈法实现对坐标位置、方位角等位姿状态的控制,通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。最后给出了一种三轮全方位移动机器人硬件设计方案及控制算法软件实现,实际样机运动实验验证了控制方法的可行性与有效性。 相似文献
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Yulin Zhang Jae H. Chung Steven A. Velinsky 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2003,36(3):301-314
This paper discusses dynamic modeling and robust control of a differentially steered mobile robot subject to wheel slip and external loads. Consideration of wheel slip and external loads is crucial for high load and/or high speed applications because they act as disturbances to the system. Furthermore, a tire model that adequately accounts for the tire/ground interaction is essential and Dugoff's pneumatic tire friction model is utilized herein in deriving the dynamic equations of motion of the mobile robot. It is shown that the dynamic equations satisfy the matching condition, and the variable structure control method is employed to design a tracking controller of the mobile robot. Numerical simulation shows the promise of the developed control algorithm. 相似文献
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轮式移动机器人是一种典型的非完整约束系统.基于反步法提出一种自适应扩展控制器,对含有未知参数的非完整轮式移动机器人动力学系统进行轨迹跟踪控制并且Lyapunov稳定性理论保证跟踪误差渐近收敛到零.为了克服速度跳变产生滑动,加入了神经动力学模型对控制器进行改进.以两驱动轮移动机器人为例,利用运动学自适应控制器设计出转矩控制器,有效解决了不确定非完整轮式移动机器人动力学系统的轨迹跟踪问题.仿真结果证明该方法的正确性和有效性. 相似文献
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Zhang Jing-Jun Fang Zhi-Li Zhang Zhong-Qi Gao Rui-Zhen Zhang Shao-Bo 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2022,20(5):1640-1651
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - This paper studies the trajectory tracking control for the nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot (WMR) based on model predictive control... 相似文献
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轮式移动机器人曲线行走控制的实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从实用的角度出发,对轮式移动机器人沿曲线轨迹行走的控制进行了研究。设计了电机伺服控制系统和定位模块来实现机器人的运动控制系统功能,并基于移动机器人动力学模型设计了稳定有效的曲线行走控制算法。机器人沿抛物线和椭圆轨迹行走的实验结果表明,移动机器人曲线行走控制的硬件结构和软件功能是可行实用的,该户外轮式移动机器人运动控制系统的结构设计和功能设计符合实用要求,具有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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轮式移动机器人预见预测运动控制 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对移动机器人的运动控制问题,该文采用预见预测控制方法加以解决。利用三阶Bezier曲线作为路径生成器生成目标轨迹,并据此设计了最优预见控制器作为系统的前馈补偿;使用扩展卡尔曼滤波器作为预测模型,基于广义预测控制(GPC)实现了PPC运动控制器的设计。仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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在基于单目视觉的自主导航中,由于农用轮式移动机器人相对于跟踪路径位姿的传统求解算法,往往存在忽视图像中各像素点权重不同和计算效率不理想等缺陷,因此,针对农田环境特点,在分析地面上直线路径透视成像特性的基础上,提出了一种农用轮式移动机器人相对位姿的求解方法。该方法首先建立起被跟踪路径在图像平面上的像素坐标与机器人相对位姿间的关系方程,然后结合Hough变换的思想直接求出位姿值。实验结果表明,该方法不仅可以有效地弥补传统算法的不足,而且测量精度也与当前其他类似研究的水平大致相当。 相似文献
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针对全向移动机器人的轨迹跟踪控制问题,在分析与建立全向移动机器人运动学与动力学模型的基础上,研究了基于模型预测控制的移动机器人轨迹跟踪方法;通过对误差模型的线性化描述,并将目标函数以二次项部分与线性部分构成,在满足控制约束的条件下,将采样周期内最小化目标甬数的优化问题转换为二次规划问题的求解;当取预测时域N=5时,机器人在x和y方向的误差范围分别为±5.4%和±4.7%,并在轨迹曲线中曲率半径较小处出现较为明显的抖动,最后对误差产生原因进行了分析与总结,结果表明该方法对全向移动机器人的轨迹跟踪控制是有效可行的. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the problem of mobile-robot localization in structured environments. The extended Kalman filter (EKF)
is used to localize the four-wheeled mobile robot equipped with encoders for the wheels and a laser-range-finder (LRF) sensor.
The LRF is used to scan the environment, which is described with line segments. A prediction step is performed by simulating
the kinematic model of the robot. In the input noise covariance matrix of the EKF the standard deviation of each robot-wheel’s
angular speed is estimated as being proportional to the wheel’s angular speed. A correction step is performed by minimizing
the difference between the matched line segments from the local and global maps. If the overlapping rate between the most
similar local and global line segments is below the threshold, the line segments are paired. The line parameters’ covariances,
which arise from the LRF’s distance-measurement error, comprise the output noise covariance matrix of the EKF. The covariances
are estimated with the method of classic least squares (LSQ). The performance of this method is tested within the localization
experiment in an indoor structured environment. The good localization results prove the applicability of the method resulting
from the classic LSQ for the purpose of an EKF-based localization of a mobile robot. 相似文献
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Jingfu Jin YoonGu Kim SungGil Wee DongHa Lee Nicholas Gans 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2017,86(3-4):599-616
This paper presents a novel switched-system approach for obstacle avoidance by mobile robots. This approach does not suffer from common drawbacks of existing methods, such as needing prior knowledge of obstacles, or local minima or chattering in control laws. We define an attractive and an avoidance vector in obstacle-free and obstacle-avoidance regions, respectively. Next, we define an unified velocity vector, which represents either the attractive vector or the avoidance vector, and drives the robot away from the obstacle and ultimately towards the goal. The avoidance vector differs from the repulsive vector commonly used in potential field approaches, rather it is defined always perpendicular to such a repulsive vector and projects positively onto the attractive vector. The unified velocity vector enables the use of a common Lyapunov function in analyzing the stability of the system under arbitrary switching. Novel switching rules are proposed for obstacles that can be well bounded by a circle in the local subset of SE(2). To better handle large, non-circular obstacles, a separate switching signal is proposed. Through the choice of switching rule, we investigate the chattering problem that can hinder some switching controllers. We present two control laws, one with bounded inputs and one with no bounds on inputs. We prove both control schemes are asymptotically stable and guide the robot to the goal while avoiding obstacles. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, as well as compare the control laws and switching rules, several simulations and experiments have been conducted. 相似文献
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The problem of trajectory tracking control for a nonholonomic mobile robot is discussed in this study, in which both the dynamic behaviors of disturbance adaptability and the velocity saturation constraint are considered simultaneously. To realize this objective, a double closed-loop control structure is presented. On the outer loop, an improved velocity saturated controller based on hyperbolic tangent function is established; on the inner loop, an integral sliding mode controller, which possesses a fast transient response property with less steady-state error, is developed. In addition, to alleviate the inherent chattering behavior of sliding mode technology and enhance the external disturbance adaptability, an adaptive scheme as a disturbance observer is adopted by which one could estimate the uncertain disturbance acting on the mobile wheels rapidly. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control theories. 相似文献
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Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International - A method of mathematical modeling is used to study the controlled motion of a wheeled mobile robot in the presence of parametric... 相似文献