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为了提高二进制无线传感器网络跟踪算法的精度和实时性,降低传感器节点能耗,将分布式粒子滤波运用到二进制无线传感器网络中进行目标跟踪。选择信号强度最大的节点作为簇头节点,在簇头单跳通信范围内的所有节点和簇头组成对目标跟踪的动态分簇,在簇头节点进行粒子采样和状态估计,在簇头之间传递粒子及其权值,从而得到了二进制无线传感器网络的分布式粒子滤波跟踪算法。研究了粒子数和网络节点数量对跟踪精度的影响。仿真结果表明,传感器的节点数量会影
响跟踪精度,但是粒子数对跟踪精度的影响更大。同时分布式粒子滤波比集中式粒子滤波具有更好的实时性和更低的能耗。 相似文献
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由于网络通信带宽以及节点能量等因素限制,信息的有效获取与能耗的平衡优化是无线视频传感器网络近期研究的热点,面向目标跟踪的无线视频传感器网络实现节能的关键在于节点的高效协作;文章目的在于研究一种无线视频传感器节点协作跟踪方法,通过综合考虑目标跟踪效果和节点能耗等因素,采用自适应混合高斯算法进行背景建模,分布式均值漂移算法进行目标跟踪,并构建一种基于效能函数的最优节点选择方法;实验结果显示该方法能在真实场景下高效地进行目标跟踪。 相似文献
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无线传感器网络能够实时检测和采集网络分布区域内的各种监测对象的信息,因此基于无线传感器网络的目标检测与跟踪系统研究成为当前的研究热点.在研究时差到达(TDOA)技术的基础上,设计了一种基于无线传感器网络的超声波和无线电相结合的小范围移动目标检测与跟踪系统,用基于距离和角度计算来精确定位,并根据定位信息绘制其轨迹图,达到检测与跟踪的目的.理论及实践证明了该方案的有效性,并有着广泛的应用前景. 相似文献
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李新月 《电子制作.电脑维护与应用》2018,(14)
无线传感器网络已被誉为改变二十一世纪和改变未来世界的十种新兴技术之一。无线传感器网络中节点的定位是获取位置信息的前提,也是目标跟踪和对移动目标定位的基础。因此,本文从无线传感器网络的非测距两个方面,介绍了无线传感器网络定位的主要方法,并主要研究了基于移动的无线传感器网络定位新方法,包括节点定位算法、三维定位算法和智能定位算法。从实用性、应用环境、硬件条件、能源供应和安全等方面对该技术进行了概述。在分析传感器网络定位技术存在问题的基础上,提出可行的解决方案,并对未来的研究前景和应用趋势进行展望。 相似文献
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基于Repast框架的无线传感器网络仿真实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于全新的多Agent的仿真开发框架Repast,设计和实现了对二进制无线传感器网络的原理模型仿真,并将其用于对线性拟和目标定位算法进行仿真分析,说明Repast在无线传感器网络仿真方面有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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许成刚 《计算机应用与软件》2014,(4):133-137,164
比较几种具有代表性的基于卡尔曼滤波框架的带有不确定观测的滤波算法。比较它们的数学模型和算法实现,并将它们应用于无线传感器网络目标跟踪。仿真结果显示不同模型下的不确定观测滤波方法滤波效果不同,多步丢包模型在无线传感器网络中应用于移动目标跟踪具有优越的跟踪性能。 相似文献
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无线传感器网络中基于微粒群算法的优化覆盖机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立了无线传感器网络节点覆盖优化数学模型,设计了一种基于二进制随机多目标微粒群优化(SMOPSO)算法.根据最大化覆盖网络目标函数和最小化传感器节点的利用率目标函数进行优化算法操作,以达到降低网络冗余,延长网络生存时间的效果.仿真实验结果表明,本文提出的无线传感器网络优化覆盖方法能够满足节点利用率低、覆盖率高的要求. 相似文献
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Zhi-bo WANG Zhi WANG Hong-long CHEN Jian-feng LI Hong-bin LI Jie SHEN 《浙江大学学报:C卷英文版》2013,14(6):395-406
Target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks(WSNs).Existing target tracking protocols focus mainly on energy efficiency,and little effort has been put into network management and real-time data routing,which are also very important issues for target tracking.In this paper,we propose a scalable cluster-based target tracking framework,namely the hierarchical prediction strategy(HPS),for energyefficient and real-time target tracking in large-scale WSNs.HPS organizes sensor nodes into clusters by using suitable clustering protocols which are beneficial for network management and data routing.As a target moves in the network,cluster heads predict the target trajectory using Kalman filter and selectively activate the next round of sensors in advance to keep on tracking the target.The estimated locations of the target are routed to the base station via the backbone composed of the cluster heads.A soft handoff algorithm is proposed in HPS to guarantee smooth tracking of the target when the target moves from one cluster to another.Under the framework of HPS,we design and implement an energy-efficient target tracking system,HierTrack,which consists of 36 sensor motes,a sink node,and a base station.Both simulation and experimental results show the efficiency of our system. 相似文献
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Underwater mobile sensor networks (UMSNs) with free-floating sensors are more suitable for understanding the immense underwater environment. Target tracking, whose performance depends on sensor localization accuracy, is one of the broad applications of UMSNs. However, in UMSNs, sensors move with environmental forces, so their positions change continuously, which poses a challenge on the accuracy of sensor localization and target tracking. We propose a high-accuracy localization with mobility prediction (HLMP) algorithm to acquire relatively accurate sensor location estimates. The HLMP algorithm exploits sensor mobility characteristics and the multi-step Levinson-Durbin algorithm to predict future positions. Furthermore, we present a simultaneous localization and target tracking (SLAT) algorithm to update sensor locations based on measurements during the process of target tracking. Simulation results demonstrate that the HLMP algorithm can improve localization accuracy significantly with low energy consumption and that the SLAT algorithm can further decrease the sensor localization error. In addition, results prove that a better localization accuracy will synchronously improve the target tracking performance. 相似文献
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针对传感器网络中的目标跟踪问题,提出一种能量有效的动态分簇方法,通过设置簇内传感器节点数目门限,自适应地调整簇的激活半径,通过多传感器节点的协作处理提高目标跟踪精度;并对动态簇的构建、重组过程以及能量消耗进行了描述和分析。仿真结果表明,与现有算法相比,所提出的方法能够在保证一定跟踪精度的基础上,有效降低网络的能量消耗,提高网络寿命。 相似文献
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Target tracking using wireless sensor networks requires efficient collaboration among sensors to tradeoff between energy consumption and tracking accuracy. This paper presents a collaborative target tracking approach in wireless sensor networks using the combination of maximum likelihood estimation and the Kalman filter. The cluster leader converts the received nonlinear distance measurements into linear observation model and approximates the covariance of the converted measurement noise using maximum likelihood estimation, then applies Kalman filter to recursively update the target state estimate using the converted measurements. Finally, a measure based on the Fisher information matrix of maximum likelihood estimation is used by the leader to select the most informative sensors as a new tracking cluster for further tracking. The advantages of the proposed collaborative tracking approach are demonstrated via simulation results. 相似文献