累积叠轧焊对L2纯铝力学性能影响的研究

通过实验研究了轧制道次、温度与材料状态对L2纯铝力学性能的影响。结果表明：材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和显微维氏硬度随轧制道次的增加而增加，第10道次分别为190．44MPa、152．27MPa和49．3HV（载荷100g）；室温叠轧材料的强度要高于热叠轧的，而延伸率却低于热叠轧的；半硬化态L2纯铝和完全退火态L2纯铝的强化能力是一致的，但半硬化态L2纯铝的强化幅度要低于完全退火态的。     

异步叠轧法制备超细晶铜的组织及性能

室温下对纯铜进行异步叠轧,制备超细晶铜材,研究了异步叠轧过程中纯铜显微组织演变、界面复合以及力学性能的变化。结果表明:搓轧区的存在促进了界面的复合和晶粒的细化;经六道次异步叠轧后可以使纯铜的平均晶粒尺寸从30μm减小到1μm,抗拉强度为450.3 MPa,屈服强度为346.5 MPa,轧制面显微硬度为108.5 HV,横截面显微硬度为66.3 HV,纵截面显微硬度为77.4 HV,伸长率为3%。     

累积叠轧焊温度和循环道次对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

研究了累积叠轧焊温度变化和循环道次对AZ31镁合金板材组织和性能的影响,分析了累积叠轧焊工艺细化AZ31镁合金晶粒的机理.试验结果表明,加热温度从250℃增加到400℃时,第一个道次后的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐减小;在400℃保温5min、道次压下量为50%时,第二个道次的板材平均晶粒尺寸可以细化到1.3μm,抗拉强度为300MPa,伸长率达到25.2%.     

累积叠轧1060纯铝微观组织和力学性能的研究

室温条件下对退火态的1060纯铝进行了7道次的累积叠轧（ARB）实验,并通过透射电镜、拉伸、显微硬度实验,研究在多道次的叠轧过程中,1060纯铝内部组织结构的演变和力学性能的变化。结果表明,经过多道次的轧制实验后,由于累积应变的积累和增加能逐渐深入材料的组织内部,晶粒尺寸急剧细化,7道次后超细晶增多,晶粒最小细化到500nm。材料的抗拉强度和显微硬度也显著提高,最高达到197．5MPa和66．2HV。     

累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、室温拉伸试验、显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等方法研究了累积叠轧温度对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸、基面织构、界面结合情况及力学性能的影响。结果表明:3道次累积叠轧后的AZ31镁合金晶粒细化效果明显,硬度增大,随着累积叠轧温度的升高,晶粒细化效果减弱,硬度增加趋势减弱。累积叠轧温度升高有弱化基面织构的作用。AZ31镁合板材在450 ℃累积叠轧3道次,综合力学性能最佳,为显微硬度70.64 HV0.05,抗拉强度288.64 MPa,屈服强度203.76 MPa,伸长率16.96%,界面结合强度21.53 MPa。     

热轧变形对AZ40Mg合金晶粒细化与力学性能的影响(英文)

以热挤压材为坯料,经多道次热轧制备AZ40Mg合金板材。研究热轧变形对合金组织、力学性能与断裂行为的影响。结果表明:随着热轧道次的增加,通过动态再结晶,材料的组织均匀性得到逐步改善,晶粒尺寸持续细化。相应地,热轧板材的力学性能与挤压态坯料相比得到显著改善。经过5道次以上热轧制备的AZ40Mg合金板材,其平均晶粒尺寸细化到10μm以下,轧向及横向的室温拉伸屈服强度与伸长率均可分别达到175MPa和20%以上。     

LZ91/AA1050层状复合板材的显微组织及力学性能

利用累积叠轧焊制备了LZ91和AA1050相间隔的层状复合板材,采用拉伸机、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪研究了叠轧次数对该层状复合板材力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明,3次叠轧后两种板材层厚非常接近,LZ91层中的α相沿轧延力方向的平均粒径由2μm减小至0.3μm,叠轧晶粒细化效果不明显;随着叠轧次数增多,制备的LZ91/AA1050层状复合板材抗拉强度先增大后减小,3次叠轧材料抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度(HV)最高,分别比未叠轧材料提高了42.11 MPa、71.93 MPa和16.5;累积叠轧LZ91/AA1050复合板材层间无新的金属间化合物生成。     

累积叠轧焊法制备超细晶纯铝的研究

采用累积叠轧焊方法在室温下对1060纯铝进行剧烈塑性变形，并分析1060纯铝变形前后内部微观组织结构的演变和力学性能的变化。实验结果表明，随着累积叠轧道次的增加，层界面复合越来越紧密，5道次后出现母材基体的相互渗透；材料的抗拉强度和硬度得到大幅度提高，伸长率在1道次时急剧下降，然后基本保持不变；晶粒尺寸急剧细化，等效真应变为6．4的条件下得到了平均晶粒尺寸为400nm的超细晶组织。     

纯镁大比率挤压棒材的组织与性能及其随后的退火处理(英文)

以纯镁铸锭作为坯料,经过两道次累计大比率挤压制备了棒材,并对最终的棒材进行退火处理。通过光学显微镜(OM)、力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了挤压变形和退火处理对纯镁组织、性能以及断裂行为的影响。结果表明:在挤压变形过程中,由于动态再结晶的作用,材料的晶粒尺寸得到明显细化,从而显著地改善了材料的室温力学性能和断裂方式。经过一次挤压后,粗大的铸态晶粒细化到35μm,屈服、抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到84MPa、189MPa和12%,所得棒材经再次挤压后,屈服强度超过120MPa,但是,由于加工硬化的作用,伸长率有所下降。对最终棒材进行退火处理后,平均晶粒尺寸为9~10μm,屈服强度、抗拉强度分别达到124MPa、199MPa,伸长率为10.7%,材料的组织和性能得到明显改善。     

纯铝累积叠轧焊高温力学性能与显微组织研究

室温条件下对退火态L2纯铝进行了6道次的累积叠轧焊试验,通过高温拉伸、透射电镜和扫描电镜实验,研究叠轧前后材料在高温拉伸过程中力学性能的变化、组织结构的演变以及拉伸后的断口形貌。结果表明,在高温拉伸过程中,叠轧后材料发生了动态回复,形成的亚晶组织随温度升高而长大;叠轧前后材料的抗拉强度随温度单调递减,延伸率则先升高,达到极值后降低;断口形貌显示,叠轧材料的高温断裂属于韧性断裂。     

AZ31变形镁合金轧制工艺初探

研究了板坯加热温度、退火温度以及冷轧道次加工率对AZ31变形镁合金轧制能力的影响.结果表明,当加热温度为350℃,轧制速度为0.4m/s时,AZ31镁合金板材的热轧道次极限加工率可以达到34.62%(无裂纹)和59.23%(无表面裂纹);将热轧态板材分别在250℃～350℃温度,退火40min后,板材显微组织中晶粒大小均匀,维持在5μm～6μm水平;板材具有良好的综合力学性能,其抗拉强度为:230Pa～240MPa,屈服强度为:135MPa～175MPa,延伸率为:12%～15%.当采用350℃×40min退火后,板材在冷轧道次加工率为5%～10%时,总加工率可以达到40%以上.     

工业纯钛在120°模具中的多道次ECAP室温变形组织与性能

在室温,采用通道夹角为120°的变形模具对工业纯钛(Commemial Pure Titanium,CP-Ti)以Bc方式实施四道次ECAP(EqualChannel Angular Pressing)挤压变形,成功获得表面光滑无裂纹的变形试样.文中主要研究了工业纯钛在室温下进行ECAP多道次变形的组织结构演变,并测试了变形试样的力学性能.微观结构显示工业纯钛在室温下进行多道次ECAP变形时,只在前两道次产生了大量的变形孪晶,且随道次增加变形孪晶逐渐消失.最终获得的试样晶粒平均尺寸由最初的约28μm细化到约250 nm,试样断裂强度和显微硬度分别提高到773和2486 MPa,而试样仍保持较好的延伸率(可达16.8%).     

Microstructure characterization and tensile properties of β phase containing TiAl pancake

The microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-44Al-6V-3Nb-0.3Y (at.%) alloy after canned forging were investigated. SEM results showed that the TiAl pancake exhibits inhomogeneous microstructure, which can be ascribed to the temperature drop and friction between billet and outer pack during forging, as well as the intrinsic anisotropy of lamellar colony. By means of TEM observation and EBSD analysis, the microstructure in the dominant area of the pancake was further characterized. This deformation area consists of 87.7% content of γ grains plus some refined lamellar colonies and the rest of B2 grains. The grain size ranges between 1 μm and 8.5 μm. High-angle boundaries dominate the deformation microstructure, several substructures and twins are observed as well. Additionally, current forged alloy exhibits excellent high temperature tensile strength and noteworthy yield stress anomaly (YSA), with ultimate tensile strength 680 MPa and yield strength 620 MPa at room temperature, increasing to 850 MPa and 750 MPa at 700 °C, respectively. The anomalous strengthening of current TiAl alloy is temperature dependent and can be interpreted by the dislocation cross-slip pinning mechanism.     

Structure and mechanical properties of titanium subjected to high-rate channel angular pressing and deformation by rolling

The macro- and microstructure have been analyzed and the tensile mechanical properties have been measured for commercial titanium subjected to dynamic channel angular pressing (DCAP) at high temperatures using one or two passes, as well as to additional warm rolling and low-temperature annealing. The structure of titanium after DCAP at a high temperature consists of a dispersed mixture of fine recrystallized grains (1 to 2 μm in size) and deformed nonrecrystallized regions. The deformed regions have a subgrain structure with sub-grains 200–300 nm in size. After the second pass, the size of the recrystallized grains becomes less by two times as compared to their size after one-pass DCAP, the subgrains in the deformed regions acquire a more equiaxed shape, and the microstructure becomes more uniform. The warm rolling of the samples subjected to DCAP at high temperatures increases the total density of dislocations and provides a high level of internal stresses. After two-pass DCAP at 530°C, the ultimate strength of titanium was 650MPa and the relative elongation was 19%. Additional rolling to 50% at 300°C and low-temperature annealing increases the ultimate strength to 790 MPa, while the relative elongation is retained at a high level of 15%.     

累积叠轧焊强加工制备亚微米金属材料的研究

采用ARB(累积叠轧焊)的方法在多功能强力热轧机上对普碳钢Q235,L2纯铝分别进行了强加工试验,并利用电子万能材料试验机,SEM,TEM,EBSD等手段对材料力学性能、微观组织、缺陷进行了分析。结果表明,普碳钢材料的平均抗拉强度由385MPa提高到797.5MPa,平均晶粒尺寸减小到0.7μm;L2纯铝材料的抗拉强度由75.2MPa提高到190.44MPa,平均晶粒尺寸达到0.5μm;强加工引起的位错塞积对材料起到了强化作用。     

Development and tensile properties of Ti–40Al–10V alloy

A Ti–40Al–10V (at%) intermetallic compound has been developed using vacuum arc remelting and hot-isostatic pressing (HIP), followed by isothermal hot-forging (IHF). The alloy, composed mainly of B2 and γ phases with equiaxial grains of several μm in average diameter and a small amount of α₂ phase with equiaxial grains of smaller size, shows excellent tensile properties; it has an elongation larger than 6% on average and yield strength larger than 700 MPa at low (ambient temperature) to intermediate temperatures, although the strength decreases rapidly at temperatures higher than 600°C.     

Microstructure and tensile properties of ultrafine grained copper processed by equal-channel angular pressing

1. Introduction There has been an interest in the research of spe- cific microstructure and unique mechanical proper- ties in ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials [1]. Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) process has been successfully applied to obtain UFG structure in numerous metals and alloys [2-6]. However, there are some deficiencies on copper deformed to large shear strains. Ferrasse et al. [6] argued that intense simple shear promotes dynamic rotation recrystalli- zation during ECAP…     

等通道转角挤压制备超细晶Mg15Al双相合金组织与性能

对高铝双相合金Mg15Al在553K以Bc路线进行了不同道次的等通道挤压(ECAP),获得了超细晶高铝镁合金。通过OM,SEM,TEM分析了ECAP前后合金的微观组织结构及断口形貌,并测试了不同挤压道次后合金的硬度和室温拉伸性能,分析了ECAP细化晶粒机理及其性能改善原因。结果表明,随挤压道次增加,累计形变增强,网状硬脆相β-Mg17Al12破碎,合金晶粒显著细化,但对单相区和两相混合区细化效果不同。在α、β两相共存区内,4道次ECAP后形成100nm～200nm的细晶粒;在α单相区,4道次ECAP后晶粒为1μm以下,且在初晶α-Mg内析出弥散细小的β相,起到细晶强化和弥散强化作用。8道次ECAP后,晶粒略有长大。ECAP使合金的硬度、抗拉强度和延伸率同时得到提高,尤其是4道次ECAP后,硬度提高了32.04%,抗拉强度σb从150MPa提高到269.3MPa,延伸率δ由0.05%提高到7.4%;8道次ECAP后,硬度、抗拉强度略有下降,延伸率略有上升。SEM断口观察显示ECAP使合金拉伸断口形貌由铸态的解理断裂特征转变为延性韧窝断裂特征。     

Grain-Refined AZ92 Alloy with Superior Strength and Ductility

Grain-refined AZ92 (GR-AZ92) alloy with superior tensile properties is developed by adding 1 wt% Zn and a very small amount of SiC (0.17 wt%) to commercial AZ91 alloy for enhancing the solid-solution strengthening effect and refining the crystal grains, respectively. The homogenized GR-AZ92 alloy with an average grain size of 91 μm exhibits a tensile yield strength (TYS) of 125 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 281 MPa, and elongation of 12.1%, which are significantly higher than those of AZ91 alloy with a grain size of 420 μm (TYS of 94 MPa, UTS of 192 MPa, and elongation of 7.0%). The peak-aging time of GR-AZ92 alloy (8 h) is significantly shorter than that of AZ91 alloy (32 h) owing to a larger amount of grain boundaries in the former, which serve as nucleation sites of Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitates. A short-aging treatment for less than 1 h of the GR-AZ92 alloy causes an effective improvement in its strength without a significant reduction in its ductility. The 30-min-aged GR-AZ92 alloy has an excellent combination of strength and ductility, with a TYS of 142 MPa, UTS of 304 MPa, and elongation of 8.0%.     

不同热成形工艺下TA32钛合金的流变性能及组织演变

用OM,SEM和XRD等方法研究了挤压态Mg-Al-Ca-x Nd(x=0~1.76,质量分数,%)合金的显微组织和析出相以及该合金在室温和高温下的力学性能。结果表明,Nd的添加会使基体中形成Al2Nd和Al11Nd3相,并且细化Mg-Al-Ca合金的晶粒。随着Nd添加量的增加,Al2Nd和Al11Nd3相的数量也随之增加。当添加1.76%Nd时,合金的平均晶粒尺寸从不含Nd的4.80μm变为2.39μm。由于第二相的析出和晶粒细化,室温下的力学性能也得到改善。随着Nd元素含量的增加,合金的室温抗拉伸强度由267MPa提高到304 MPa,屈服强度从144 MPa提高到203 MPa,延伸率从20.0%下降到16.9%。在150℃时,随着Nd含量的增加,拉伸强度从192 MPa增加到229 MPa,屈服强度从140 MPa增加到159 MPa,伸长率从48.6%下降到29.3%。