某大跨度体育馆的无线结构健康监测系统设计（英文）北大核心CSCD

由于在施工成本和安装、维护便易性的突出优势,无线传感技术现越来越多地应用到大型结构上。然而受到长距离实时通信、长期供电和系统室外可靠性等关键问题的制约,结构健康监测的无线化目前还有待发展。本项目以国内某在建大跨度体育馆结构为应用对象,设计了一套基于Narada模块的无线健康监测系统,用于观测该结构加速度、应变和温度的实时变化。现场实测结果检验了该套系统在实际工程中进行多点实时无线动态测量和事件触发等功能,并能适应大跨度空间结构体量庞大、构型复杂、测点繁多等特点;与此同时还反映出无线传感技术应用于工程健康监测中的一些共性问题。该系统有望在其他复杂大型结构整体健康监测中推广应用。     

上海“大世界”结构健康监测技术研究

文章通过使用新技术光纤光栅传感系统和无线传感系统对保护建筑大世界的结构关键部位进行健康监测,对所得数据进行分析,得到目前结构安全情况,对保护建筑结构的健康监测做了技术探索,给出保护建筑结构健康监测的示范设备。     

无线传感技术在桥梁结构监测中的应用

随着我国现代化建设水平的不断提升,当前国家对于桥梁的结构强度、稳定性也提出了更高的要求。立足于无线传感技术的发展现状,首先介绍了桥梁结构监测系统与传感技术的特征与定义,然后介绍了无线传感技术在桥梁监测中的应用暴露出的问题,最后结合上述内容对于无线传感技术在桥梁结构监测中的应用策略进行了判断,也希望能够为我国桥梁监测系统的不断完善奠定良好的基础。     

重大建筑工程健康监测系统设计与工程应用

针对某实际空间钢结构工程,应用研发的健康监测系统平台对结构施工过程及服役期间的安全状况进行监测。平台通过自主研发的多功能、低功耗无线传感器采集建筑结构的环境及结构相应参数,利用无线传感网络传输数据,通过对数据进行分析,以评定建筑结构的安全性。     

无线传感网络在煤炭远程监测系统中的应用

传统的煤炭监测系统基本上采用有线监测的形式,这种形式施工困难,成本高,应用范围较窄。本文提出了将无线传感网络应用于远程监测系统,这样大大降低了数据获取的局限,结合煤炭行业特点、工作经验、物联网技术、煤炭产量、煤炭产地以及输入与输出,介绍了煤炭产量远程监测系统的形成背景、组成结构、当前的发展现状以及未来的发展前景等,并探讨了无线传感网络技术在这一系统中信息感应、传输与应用等具体应用的实现。     

基于ZigBee的煤矿监控系统设计与实现

针对煤矿井下安全的实际需要,针对煤矿井下环境实时监测与人员进行定位,设计并且实现利用Zig Bee和Web Server技术相结合的无线集中监控系统。该煤矿监控系统信息的传输通过Zig Bee进行无线数据传输,系统由协调器节点、路由节点与终端节点组成,各个终端节点通过各自唯一的ID号与路由节点进行数据传输,再经过与路由节点相连的矿下分站处理后通过Zig Bee将数据通过无线传感网络传输到监控主站。实际实验表明,本系统能够对井下工作人员进行实时稳定的定位和对井下整体环境的实时监测,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

无线传感器网络在桥梁健康监测中的应用

阐述了结构健康监测系统的基本概念和构成体系.通过无线传感器网络的建设,对桥梁结构进行静载试验和动载试验,利用静态测试数据的传感技术和实时动态监测的信号来对结构损伤部位进行分析,使无线传感器监测系统满足结构的健康监测要求.     

土木结构健康监测与无线加速传感器的应用

近年来大型土木工程结构健康监测技术已成为世界范围内研究的热点课题，作为关键问题之一的实际工程结构健康监测系统的设计和实施也愈来愈受到人们的重视。以新兴的无线传感网络技术为核心的结构健康监测技术，在土木工程结构健康监测中也得到了广泛的推广和应用，为获取结构状态信息、结构安全运营和系统实现提供了一条崭新的途径。     

杭州亚运会主体育场结构健康监测与分析

为满足杭州亚运会主体育场大跨度空间结构的健康监测与分析需求，基于这类建筑的结构特征与服役环境，定制了一种多参数、模块化的无线传感网络系统，研发了智能可拓展的树形组网策略与时间同步采集机制，实现了基于物联网平台的远程系统监控。研究结果表明：基于物联网平台，可实现结构的远程监控与结构响应分析，可实时反映结构的性能状态，系统的长期稳定工作验证了其稳定性和耐久性；体育场各类参数的监测数据不仅反映了结构关键构件在施工过程中的内力主要受卸载与环境温度影响较明显的变化规律，也分析了运营期结构的风载、振动、温度场等环境荷载处于设计范围之内的基本特征，以及结构长期应力较为稳定，受温度变化影响较大的主要规律，可用于体育场结构的施工、运营与管理。     

光纤光栅传感器下工程结构健康监测系统

结构健康监测(简称SHM)是指利用现场的无损传感技术,通过包括结构响应在内的结构系统特性分析,达到监测结构损伤或退化的目的。传统传感器下的健康监测系统普遍存在着稳定性与耐久性差、抗干扰性(包括电磁、噪音、光强)差、布设工艺复杂、成活率低等缺点,也是土木工程界迫切需要解决的难题。本文将光纤光栅传感器引入健康监测系统的传感系统,为解决这一难题指明了新的思路,并在实践中得到有效验证。     

Hybrid wireless hull monitoring system for naval combat vessels

There is increasing interest by the naval engineering community in permanent monitoring systems that can monitor the structural behaviour of ships during their operation at sea. This study seeks to reduce the cost and installation complexity of hull monitoring systems by introducing wireless sensors into their architectural designs. Wireless sensor networks also provide other advantages over their cable-based counterparts such as adaptability, redundancy, and weight savings. While wireless sensors can enhance functionality and reduce cost, the compartmentalised layout of most ships requires some wired networking to communicate data globally throughout the ship. In this study, 20 wireless sensing nodes are connected to a ship-wide fibre-optic data network to serve as a hybrid wireless hull monitoring system on a high-speed littoral combat vessel (FSF-1 Sea Fighter). The wireless hull monitoring system is used to collect acceleration and strain data during unattended operation during a one-month period at sea. The key findings of this study include that wireless sensors can be effectively used for reliable and accurate hull monitoring. Furthermore, the fact that they are low-cost can lead to higher sensor densities in a hull monitoring system thereby allowing properties, such as hull mode shapes, to be accurately calculated.     

Vibration testing of a steel girder bridge using cabled and wireless sensors

Being able to significantly reduce system installation time and cost, wireless sensing technology has attracted much interest in the structural health monitoring (SHM) community. This paper reports the field application of a wireless sensing system on a 4-span highway bridge located in Wayne, New Jersey in the US. Bridge vibration due to traffic and ambient excitation is measured. To enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, a low-noise high-gain signal conditioning module is developed for the wireless sensing system. Nineteen wireless and nineteen cabled accelerometers are first installed along the sidewalk of two neighboring bridge spans. The performance of the wireless sensing system is compared with the high-precision cabled sensing system. In the next series of testing, 16 wireless accelerometers are installed under the deck of another bridge span, forming a 4 × 4 array. Operating deflection analysis is successfully conducted using the wireless measurement of traffic and ambient vibrations.     

Application of state-of-the-art in measurement and data analysis techniques for vibration evaluation of a tall building

Recent advancements in sensing and data acquisition technology have made monitoring of structures and infrastructure more affordable and, at the same time, more comprehensive. Examples of such advancements are application of wireless technology for communication, the utilisation of fully automated systems for long-term monitoring and the remote control of the sensing system over Internet. Although each of these technologies has been used in different structural health monitoring projects in the recent years, inclusion of an all-in-one sensing system represents the state-of-the-art in measurement techniques. This paper presents the integration of all of the above-mentioned advanced monitoring approaches in one sensing system for forensic quantification of an in-service tall building. The inclusive measurement and monitoring system along with advanced data analysis techniques enabled extraction of detailed information about dynamic characteristics of the building structure and development of reliable conclusions regarding its performance. It is shown that the performance of the investigated structural components is satisfactory in terms of strength demand. However, the level of vibration in some portions of the structure does not meet the limits of human comfort. In addition, wind-speed spectrum, acceleration response spectrum and the modes of lateral vibration are extracted to assist with evaluation of the structure's performance.     

一种预应力监测无线智能螺栓及系统

对桥梁、沿土等工程领域的大型结构预应力监测相当重要。大型结构常使用螺栓固定各部件,当大型结构发生倾斜等故障时,用于固定各部件的螺栓所承载的应力将发生变化。本文研究设计一种无线智能螺栓及监测系统,可以实时监测这些螺栓所承载的预应力。该无线智能螺栓不仅可以单独使用,而且可以组网使用,从而灵活地对大型结构的预应力、结构平衡等进行监测。同时,本文论述了两种系统工作模式及其算法,该工作模式只是本系统的典型工作模式,针对具体工程应用,工作模式可以改变。     

薄膜结构健康监测系统和自修复材料的应用现状

大跨度薄膜结构由于积雪、台风和冲击等恶劣荷载条件而大量破坏,有必要研究适用于薄膜结构的健康监测技术。从薄膜结构独特的力学特性和施工工艺出发,明确其监测需求、技术难点等,分析黏贴于薄膜基材的传感器和无源无线传感技术,用于构建大表面积薄膜结构的新型健康监测系统。针对薄膜结构在服役中出现的小型损伤,介绍自修复薄膜材料的最新研究成果,以实现自我修复功能和薄膜结构的智能化提供参考。     

激光测距在边坡监测中的应用及其修正

激光测距系统通过无线数据传输模块的信息中转来完成对边坡工程的全自动化监测,相较于传统的边坡工程监测仪器,其在精度、成本和稳定性上均有一定的优势。文章在分析激光测距系统的原理基础上,对其测量中产生的误差进行分析,并将其应用于某高速公路1#边坡的定点监测。通过将其数据与同时期工作的全站仪的比较,表明激光测距系统适用于边坡工程的长期定点监测。     

大体积混凝土结构长期应变监测系统

桥梁健康监测系统是近年应用于桥梁管理与维护的一项新技术,具有重要的工程价值。无线振弦传感器具有抗干扰强,精度高,传输距离远等特点,广泛应用于大体积混凝土结构中振动、应力等动态物理量监测。本文主要论述了桥梁无线应变监测系统结构、无线振弦传感器工作原理,设计了振弦传感器内部的激振电路及测频电路,以及无线通讯模块,同时给出了内部软件的设计,分析了无线振弦传感器的特性。无线的设计极大的方便了振弦传感器的使用,通过工程实际应用显示,本文设计的基于正弦传感器的桥梁无线应变监测系统稳定、质量可靠、测量数据迅速准确。     

Development of a monitoring and warning system based on optical fiber sensing technology for masonry retaining walls and trees

Hong Kong has a long history of applying masonry retaining walls to provide horizontal platforms and stabilize man-made slopes. Due to the sub-tropical climate, some masonry retaining walls are colonized by trees. Extreme weather, such as typhoons and heavy rains, may cause rupture or root failure of those trees, thus resulting in instability of the retaining walls. A monitoring and warning system for the movement of masonry retaining walls and sway of trees has been designed with the applicatio...     

Mobile Agent Computing Paradigm for Building a Flexible Structural Health Monitoring Sensor Network

Abstract: Wireless structural health monitoring research has drawn great attention in recent years from various research groups. While sensor network approach is a feasible solution for structural health monitoring, the design of wireless sensor networks presents a number of challenges, such as adaptability and the limited communication bandwidth. To address these challenges, we explore the mobile agent approach to enhance the flexibility and reduce raw data transmission in wireless structural health monitoring sensor networks. An integrated wireless sensor network consisting of a mobile agent‐based network middleware and distributed high computational power sensor nodes is developed. These embedded computer‐based high computational power sensor nodes include Linux operating system, integrate with open source numerical libraries, and connect to multimodality sensors to support both active and passive sensing. The mobile agent middleware is built on a mobile agent system called Mobile‐C. The mobile agent middleware allows a sensor network moving computational programs to the data source. With mobile agent middleware, a sensor network is able to adopt newly developed diagnosis algorithms and make adjustment in response to operational or task changes. The presented mobile agent approach has been validated for structural damage diagnosis using a scaled steel bridge.     

An information technology enabled sustainability test-bed (ITEST) for occupancy detection through an environmental sensing network

This paper describes a large-scale wireless and wired environmental sensor network test-bed and its application to occupancy detection in an open-plan office building. Detection of occupant presence has been used extensively in built environments for applications such as demand-controlled ventilation and security; however, the ability to discern the actual number of people in a room is beyond the scope of current sensing techniques. To address this problem, a complex sensor network is deployed in the Robert L. Preger Intelligent Workplace comprising a wireless ambient-sensing system, a wired carbon dioxide sensing system, and a wired indoor air quality sensing system. A wired camera network is implemented as well for establishing true occupancy levels to be used as ground truth information for deriving algorithmic relationships with the environment conditions. To our knowledge, this extensive and diverse ambient-sensing infrastructure of the ITEST setup as well as the continuous data-collection capability is unprecedented. Final results indicate that there are significant correlations between measured environmental conditions and occupancy status. An average of 73% accuracy on the occupancy number detection was achieved by Hidden Markov Models during testing periods. This paper serves as an exploration to the research of ITEST for occupancy detection in offices. In addition, its utility extends to a wide variety of other building technology research areas such as human-centered environmental control, security, energy efficient and sustainable green buildings.