巯基-苯基聚倍半硅氧烷的合成

以巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和苯基三甲氧基硅烷为原料,在甲醇作溶剂、浓HCl作催化剂的条件下水解缩合制备了巯基聚倍半硅氧烷和巯基-苯基聚倍半硅氧烷,并利用FTIR和GPC对合成产物进行了表征。结果表明:当苯基单体添加量为20%时,所制备的巯基-苯基聚倍半硅氧烷中均含有一定量的巯基和苯基,在引入部分苯环增加折光率的同时也保持了产物拥有进一步反应的活性巯基,且相对分子质量较大,分子量分布较窄。     

聚苯基倍半硅氧烷研究进展

分别介绍了梯型、笼形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷及其共聚物的结构、性质和合成方法,重点综述了苯基倍半硅氧烷共聚物研究进展,并对苯基倍半硅氧烷材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

高度单分散氰基聚倍半硅氧烷微球的可控合成及羧基化

在水溶液中,以氰乙基三乙氧基硅烷(CTES)为前驱体,氨水为催化剂,通过一步法合成聚氰基倍半硅氧烷(PCSQ)微球,并通过进一步酸化实现了氰基到羧基的转化.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重(TG)分析对所得微球的形貌、有机功能基及热性能进行了表征,研究表明CTES的用量与催化剂氨水的浓度对PCSQ微球的形貌和粒径有着重要影响,当去离子水为30 mL、CTES为1mL、氨水为1 mL时,可以制备出平均粒径在600 nm、高度单分散的PCSQ微球.将所制备的PCSQ微球分散在30％硫酸溶液中,65℃搅拌24 h可以将微球上负载的氰基水解酸化为羧基.     

聚氯乙烯/梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷共混物的相结构及流变性能

由单螺杆挤出机制备了 PVC PPSQ(10 0 0、95 5、90 10、85 15、80 2 0 )机械共混物。通过扫描电镜 (SEM)观察了该共混物的相结构 ,富 PPSQ相形成的球状颗粒较均匀地分散于 PVC的连续相中。PVC PPSQ共混物的流动温度 (Tf)均低于纯 PVC的 Tf,而它们的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)略高于纯 PVC的 Tg,随 PPSQ含量的增加 ,PVC PP SQ共混物的 Tf移向低温 ,更易塑化。经 PPSQ改性后的 PVC的表观粘度随温度变化敏感性增加。加入少量 PPSQ后 ,可有效地改善 PVC的流动性。     

梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液浇注共 …

用溶液浇注法制备了具有不同质量配比的高分子量，低分子量梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共混物。用扭辫分析技术研究了不同分子量ＰＰＳＱ与ＰＭＭＱ间的相容性及热历史对其相容性的影响。     

聚氯乙烯/梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷共混物的相结构及流变性能

:由单螺杆挤出机制备了聚氯乙烯 (PVC) /梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷 (PPSQ) (10 0 / 0、95 / 5、90 / 10、85 / 15、80 / 2 0 )机械共混物。通过扫描电镜 (SEM)观察了该共混物的相结构 ,富 PPSQ相形成的球状颗粒较均匀地分散于 PVC的连续相中。 PVC/ PPSQ共混物的流动温度 (Tf)均低于纯 PVC的 Tf,而它们的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)略高于纯 PVC的 Tg,随 PPSQ含量的增加 ,PVC/ PPSQ共混物的 Tf 移向低温 ,更易塑化。经 PPSQ改性后的 PVC的表观粘度随温度变化敏感性增加。加入少量 PPSQ后 ,可有效地改善 PVC的流动性     

单分散聚甲基硅氧烷微球的制备研究

采用沉淀聚合方法以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为原料,制备微米级聚甲基硅氧烷微球,其粒径呈单分散性分布。研究了反应体系中油水质量比(MTMS与去离子水质量比)、反应温度、搅拌频率、催化溶液pH等对聚甲基硅氧烷微球粒径及其分布的影响。结果表明:随着油水质量比和搅拌频率的提高,聚甲基硅氧烷微球粒径增加,粒径分布变宽;而反应温度的提高和催化溶液pH的增加使聚甲基硅氧烷微球粒径变小,粒径分布变窄。     

梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷的新型制备方法

以苯基三氯硅烷为原料,利用经过改良的热平衡缩合法,得到产物梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷(Ph-T)。借助傅立叶红外、X射线衍射和核磁共振硅谱等方法,确定了产物具有规整的梯形分子结构;以热重分析测定了其耐热性,在空气中失重5%时温度为530℃,具有优良的耐热性能。     

聚二甲基硅氧烷-梯形苯基倍半硅氧烷共聚物的制备

探讨了用羟基硅油(PDMS)和苯基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)合成聚二甲基硅氧烷-梯形苯基倍半硅氧烷共聚物的反应条件,通过IR、1H-NMR确定了目标产物的结构.     

一种聚苯基甲基硅氧烷改性环氧树脂耐高温防腐蚀涂料的制备研究

采用苯基三甲氧基硅烷和苯基甲基二甲氧基硅烷水解合成了聚苯基甲基硅氧烷(PS),然后改性E-20环氧树脂,通过环氧值、红外光谱分析表明,有机硅接枝了环氧树脂且环氧基保持不变。用DSC、TGA分析了有机硅含量对改性树脂固化体系耐热性能的影响,当m(E-20)∶m(PS)=100∶25时,化学改性树脂固化体系的耐热性能明显提高。以此改性树脂为基料,采用适宜的固化剂,添加适当的颜料、功能填料、助剂等制备耐高温防腐蚀涂料。结果表明,该涂料不仅具有优异的常规涂膜性能,同时还具有优异的耐高温及防腐蚀性能。     

Controlled radical polymerization

Fundamentals of controlled/“living” radical polymerization are given together with a discussion of selected initiating/catalytic systems which provide structural, compositional, and functionality control during radical polymerization. Four systems which enable the synthesis of polymers with low polydispersities (M_w/M_n< 1.2), relatively high molecular weights (M_n>10 000), and high degrees of functionality are: nitroxide-mediated polymerization of styrene and styrene copolymers; organometallic compounds used for polymerization of acrylates; atom transfer radical polymerization of various monomers; and the degenerative transfer process. Also important in this field are new structural features and potential applications of controlled radical polymerization.     

Controlled synthesis and properties of palladium nanoparticles

In our research, the preparation processes of Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with different methods by adding a certain amount of silver nitrate, iron chloride or sodium iodide are presented in order to control their size and morphology. Various sizes and shapes of Pd NPs are observed by alcohol reduction. The results show the size and morphology control of Pd NPs with chemical reductions of Pd salts by ethanol and ethylene glycol (EG) that have very different reduction processes. The modified polyol method with the gradual addition of Pd and polyvinylpyrollidone precursors in EG at 160°C has led to control their size and morphology in the 10?nm range using 0.02?M AgNO₃. It is observed that the Pd nanorod is also formed. The main factors that will control the shapes of Pd NPs have been presented to explain their growth and formation mechanisms in a control process.     

Controlled rational heating of objects for heat treatment

The article presents a method of solving the problem of controlled heating involving the reproduction of some regularity of heating the surface of an object. As an example the article presents the solution of the problem of controlled radiative heating of a steel cylinder, and the obtained calculation is compared with experimental data.Translated from Inzhenerno-fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 187–189, August, 1991.     

Controlled synthesis and multifunctional properties of FePt-Au heterostructures

In this work, FePt-Au heterostructured nanocrystals (HNCs) such as tadpole-, dumbbell-, bead-, and necklace-like nanostructures were synthesized by a facile heteroepitaxial growth of Au NCs onto FePt nanorods (NRs). A study of the growth mechanism revealed that the morphology control of the final products can be correlated with the adsorption sites of hydrogen onto the FePt NRs, which can be manipulated by the amount of the forming gas (Ar/7% H₂) added. Not only the optical characteristic and magnetic properties of the intrinsic materials were retained in the products, but also the FePt-Au HNCs showed the tunable multifunctional properties resulted from the interactions between Au and FePt. Moreover, for methanol oxidation, the FePt-Au HNCs exhibited enhanced catalytic activity and CO tolerance on the catalyst surface compared to commercial Pt catalysts. It is worth noting that as multifunctional units, the FePt-Au HNCs also possess a heterogeneous surface, which could potentially enable their site-specific functionalization for targeting or imaging purposes in biomedical applications. More interestingly, the catalytic properties of the FePt-Au HNCs also endow this material with application potentials in nanocatalysis.      

HMDSO plasma polymerization and thin film optical properties

Thin films were deposited from hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in a glow discharge supplied with radiofrequency (rf) power. Actino-metric optical emission spectroscopy was used to follow trends in the plasma concentrations of the species SiH (414.2 nm), CH (431.4 nm), CO (520.0 nm), and H (656.3 nm) as a function of the applied rf power (range 5 to 35 W). Transmission infrared spectroscopy (IRS) was employed to characterize the molecular structure of the polymer, showing the presence of Si-H, Si-O-Si, Si-O-C and C-H groups. The deposition rate, determined by optical interferometry, ranged from 60 to 130 nm/min. Optical properties were determined from transmission ultra violet-visible spectroscopy (UVS) data. The absorption coefficient , the refractive index n, and the optical gap E₀₄ of the polymer films were calculated as a function of the applied power. The refractive index at a photon energy of 1 eV varied from 1.45 to 1.55, depending on the rf power used for the deposition. The absorption coefficient showed an absorption edge similar to other non-crystalline materials, amorphous hydrogenated carbon, and semiconductors. For our samples, we define as an optical gap, the photon energy E₀₄ corresponding to the energy at an absorption of 10⁴ cm⁻¹. The values of E₀₄ decreased from 5.3 to 4.6 as the rf power was increased from 5 to 35 W.     

化学气相沉积聚合法制备聚丁酸酰基取代对亚苯基二亚甲基

合成了一种新的丁酸酰基取代对亚苯基二亚甲基二聚体,用化学气相沉积聚合法制备了聚丁酸酰基取代对亚苯基二亚甲基(PPX-COCH2CH2COOH)膜,采用FTIR、NMR的方法证实了其化学结构,采用元素分析方法测定苯环上丁酸酰基的取代程度为4.7%左右.对膜溶解性和抗化学氧化性能的研究表明,PPX-COCH2CH2COOH膜具有优异的耐溶剂性和抗化学氧化性能.丁酸酰基的引入使得薄膜的结晶度有所下降.含有丁酸酰基取代基的聚合物的热稳定性较好.PPX-COCH2CH2COOH膜可以和肝素等反应,甲苯胺蓝法测得肝素含量为15.8μg/cm2.