不同乙烯含量丙烯无规共聚物结构表征

采用聚丙烯Ziegler-Natta催化剂及淤浆聚合法考察了乙烯-丙烯共聚行为,获得了不同乙烯含量丙烯无规共聚物,分别通过傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、差示扫描量热（DSC）、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）和13C NMR核磁谱进行了结构和性能表征。结果表明,随着原料中乙烯含量的增加,催化剂的共聚合活性增大,丙烯无规共聚物中乙烯含量增加,共聚物由以丙烯链段为主逐渐过渡到以乙烯链段为主;当反应原料中乙烯质量分数介于15%～30%时,共聚物的DSC测试结果达到较低值;共聚物的数均分子量和重均分子量均达到最低值,同时,共聚物中乙烯和丙烯在聚合物链段中的分布更均匀。     

膦氮配体半茂钛体系催化乙烯均聚合及乙烯与丙烯共聚合

合成了两种配合物中含有膦、氮的半茂钛催化剂,研究了甲基铝氧烷、四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐为助催化剂,不同n(Al)∶n(Ti)对乙烯均聚合及聚合物相对分子质量及其分布的影响。研究了催化剂用量、原料配比、反应压力、反应时间对乙烯与丙烯共聚合及共聚物组成、相对分子质量及其分布的影响。结果表明:合成的膦氮配体半茂催化剂可有效催化乙烯均聚合,在常压下,聚合活性可达0.62×10~6 g/(mol·h),也可以有效催化乙烯与丙烯共聚合,与高活性茂金属催化剂催化效率相近;用该催化剂制备的高相对分子质量乙丙共聚物的相对分子质量分布窄,符合单活性中心催化剂的特点;共聚物的序列结构研究表明,乙烯与丙烯竞聚率之积接近1,共聚物无规性好。     

Cs-对称胺芴二甲基钛络合物催化的乙烯活性聚合

研究了对丙烯的高速间规活性聚合有效的Cs-对称胺芴二甲基钛络合物-干燥修饰甲基铝氧烷(dMMAO)催化剂体系对乙烯的聚合行为的影响。结果表明:乙烯常压聚合表现出稳定的聚合速率,聚合活性达到282 kg-PE/(mol-Ti·h);利用间歇聚合法进行乙烯聚合的单体转化率均达到99%以上,说明催化体系无失活现象,但得到的聚乙烯在135℃下不溶于GPC溶剂邻二氯苯中;采用先加入定量丙烯单体聚合完全结束后,再加入定量乙烯单体进行聚合的方法合成了sPP-b-PE嵌段共聚物。嵌段共聚合的结果说明乙烯聚合是以活性聚合的方式进行的。利用该催化体系还合成了丙烯-乙烯丙烯双嵌段共聚物(sPP-b-E/P)以及丙烯-乙烯丙烯-丙烯(sPP-b-E/P-b-sPP)三嵌段共聚物。     

乙烯和丙烯的共聚合

用Ziegler-Natta催化剂系的低分子烯烃离子聚合法可用于乙烯和其他低分子烯烃或不饱和烃的共聚合。本文研究了乙烯-丙烯共聚物性质和丙烯含量关系。共聚物是用催化剂系:VOCl_3和AlCl(C_2H_5)_2、VO(OR)Cl_2,或VO(OR_2)Cl和AlCl(C_2H_5)_2得到的。这种催化剂特性是催化活性很高,使共聚合可在     

丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物与丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物的对比研究

对丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物(PPB)与丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物(PPE)的结晶行为进行对比,在等温结晶时,通过相对结晶度随时间的变化关系、等温结晶曲线等研究,表明丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物结晶速率明显低于丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物,同时丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物的等温结晶速率随乙烯单元含量增加没有明显降低。根据Avrami方程计算了共聚物的结晶活化能,证明丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物的结晶能力较丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物低。扫描电镜分析丙烯/1-丁烯无规共聚物在丁烯单元摩尔分数2.39%时没有韧性拉伸,而丙烯/乙烯抗冲共聚物在乙烯单元摩尔分数3%时出现韧性拉伸。     

Et(Ind)_2ZrCl_2/MAO和(Ind)_2ZrCl_2/MAO对乙烯/α-烯烃共聚合比较研究

用立体刚性的亚乙基桥二茚基二氯化锆(Et(Ind)_2ZrCl_2)和非桥联的二茚基二氯化锆((Ind)_2ZrCl_2)为催化剂、甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂,在相同共聚合条件下,乙烯与丙烯、1-丁烯、1-已烯和1-辛烯进行了比较试验,考察Et桥对乙烯/α-烯烃共聚合的作用。Et(Ind)_2ZrCl_2催化剂的活性,除乙烯/1-已烯共聚合外,比(Ind)_2ZrCl_2催化剂的高。用有桥联的催化剂得到的各共聚物中共聚单体含量都比无桥联的催化剂合成的共聚物高,但前者共聚物的相对分子质量、密度和熔点都低于后者。在用Et桥的催化剂得到的共聚物中,α-烯烃的含量下降次序为丙烯>1-丁烯>1-辛烯>1-已烯。     

一种高熔体强度的抗冲聚丙烯材料的制备方法

正本发明提供了一种高熔体强度的抗冲聚丙烯材料的制备方法,在第一无规共聚聚丙烯的存在下进行丙烯基的无规共聚反应得到包含第一无规共聚聚丙烯和第二无规共聚聚丙烯的无规共聚聚丙烯连续相,然后在所述无规共聚聚丙烯连续相的存在下进行丙烯-乙烯共聚反应得到包含丙烯-乙烯共聚物的聚丙烯材料。通过采用在不同的聚合阶段分别使用不同类型和用量的外给电子体,结合链转移剂氢     

不同内给电子体催化剂对乙烯和丙烯共聚合的影响

研究了MgCl2/TiCl4/邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和MgCl2/TiCl4/9,9-二甲氧基甲基-芴两种催化剂体系催化乙烯和丙烯共聚合的规律、共聚物的热性能及动态力学性能。两种催化剂在40℃催化乙烯和丙烯共聚合时,催化剂活性随着乙烯含量的增加先增后降。对于含有二酯型内给电子体的催化剂,n(C2H4)为10%时,催化剂活性最大;对于含有二醚型内给电子体的催化剂,n(C2H4)为30%时,催化剂活性最大,且二醚型催化剂的活性高于二酯型催化剂。在乙烯含量较低时,用二酯型催化剂催化合成的共聚物中含有更多的嵌段结构,而二醚型催化剂催化合成的共聚物更趋于无规结构。当反应气中乙烯占多数时,共聚物不再具有长的聚丙烯链段,而出现长的聚乙烯链段。     

聚烯烃弹性体技术研究与应用进展

综述了国内外聚烯烃弹性体(POE)发展现状及研究进展,包括乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-1-辛烯无规共聚物和乙烯-1-辛烯嵌段共聚物等POE的主要生产商、工艺技术、催化剂体系、产品性能及产品应用等方面的进展。指出开发绿色、高效的聚合工艺是实现乙烯-1-辛烯嵌段共聚物工业生产的发展方向。     

中国专利

一种增强型全硫化聚烯烃热塑性弹性体及其制备方法，丙烯共聚物、聚丙烯组合物及其用途、过渡金属化合物和烯烃聚合催化剂，聚烯烃催化裂解制备氢气和碳纳米管，乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物颗粒及热塑性弹性体的制造方法，用于丙烯聚合的催化剂及其制备方法，一种用于烯烃聚合的催化剂及其应用……     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

我国聚碳酸酯工业发展概况

介绍我国聚碳酸酯生产能力和消费需求,对聚碳酸酯在信息工业中的应用作了简短介绍     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.