Characterization of new FIR laser lines from CHD/sub 2/OH

In this work, we report new optically pumped far-infrared (FIR) laser lines from CHD/sub 2/OH. A waveguide CO/sub 2/ laser of wide tunability (290 MHz) was used as pump source, and a Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot open cavity was used as a FIR laser resonator. Optoacoustic absorption spectra were used as a guide to search for new FIR laser lines. We could observe 15 new laser lines in the range from 116.4 to 401.4 /spl mu/m. The lines were characterized according to wavelength, relative polarization, relative intensity, and optimum working pressure. The transferred Lamb-dip technique was used to measure the frequency absorption transition both for the new and previously reported laser lines.     

210 mW 2.84 /spl mu/m Ho/sup 3+/, Pr/sup 3+/-doped fluoride fibre laser

210 mW of unsaturated continuous-wave output from a Ho/sup 3+/, Pr/sup 3+/-doped fluoride fibre laser is demonstrated using the /spl sim/1100 nm output from a free-running diode-cladding-pumped Yb/sup 3+/-doped silica fibre laser as the pump source. A slope efficiency of 3.2% and an output wavelength of 2.84 /spl mu/m are obtained.     

A self-injection locked, Q-switched, line-narrowed Ti:Al2O3 laser

Line-narrowing, Q-switched, and self-injection locking are studied independently and as a system. Line narrowing is shown both theoretically and experimentally to depend on the inverse square root of the pulse evolution time interval. Q switching of the Ti:Al₂O₃ laser is demonstrated and the laser output energy as a function of the Q-switch delay is investigated. Self-injection is demonstrated and the operation of the laser is explored as a function of loss and the Q-switch delay. Self-injection locking is demonstrated and the performance as a function of the Q-switch delay is determined     

Stimulated rotational Raman scattering in CO2-pumped para-H2

Stimulated rotational Raman scattering in a 300 K multipass cell filled with para-H2with a single-mode CO2pump laser was studied using a single-mode OPO as a probe laser at the Stokes frequency for the So(0) transition. Amplification and pump depletion are examined as a function of incident pump energy. For an incident CO2pump laser energy of 1.5 J, a photon conversion efficiency of 47 percent is observed.     

CHD/sub 2/OH optically pumped by a waveguide CO/sub 2/ laser: new far-infrared laser lines from the CD/sub 2/ wagging vibrational mode

For the first time, a wide tunability waveguide CO/sub 2/ laser was used to pump the CHD/sub 2/OH molecule for the generation of new FIR laser lines with a large offset. Optoacoustic signals associated with the infrared absorbing transitions of the CD/sub 2/ wagging vibrational mode served as a guide for finding new laser lines. All lines were characterized in wavelength, relative polarization, intensity, optimum pressure of operation, and precise offset measurements.     

High-power 2.3-/spl mu/m GaSb-based linear laser array

High-power 2.3-/spl mu/m In(Al)GaAsSb-GaSb type-I double quantum-well diode laser arrays were fabricated and characterized. Linear laser arrays with 19 100-/spl mu/m-wide elements on a 1-cm-long bar generated 10 W in continuous-wave (CW) mode and 18.5 W in quasi-CW mode (30 /spl mu/s/300 Hz) at a heatsink temperature of 18/spl deg/C. Array power conversion efficiency peaked at 30 A and was about 9%. Device internal efficiency was about 50%. Individual laser differential gain with respect to current was about twice as high as in InP-based laser heterostructures, demonstrating the potential of GaSb-based material system for high-power CW room-temperature laser diode arrays.     

5-GHz pulsed fiber Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser mode-locked using carbon nanotubes

We demonstrate passive mode-locking of a short-cavity (/spl sim/2 cm) fiber Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser by incorporating a carbon-nanotube-based saturable absorber. Stable pulses are generated with a pulsewidth as short as 0.68 ps at a repetition rate as high as 5.18 GHz. This is the smallest femtosecond fiber pulsed laser ever demonstrated to date.     

Characterization of new FIR laser lines from CD3-rockingand asymmetric CD3 deformation modes of 13CD3OD

In this paper, we report new optically pumped far-infrared (FIR) laser lines from the in-plane CD₃-rocking and asymmetric CD ₃ deformation absorption vibrational bands of ¹³CD ₃OD. A waveguide CO₂ laser of wide tunability (290 MHz) was used as the pump source, and a Fabry-Perot open cavity as the FIR laser resonator. Optoacoustic absorption spectrum was used as a guide to search for new FIR laser lines. We could observe 13 new laser lines in the range 103-491 μm. The lines were characterized according to wavelength, relative polarization, relative intensity, and optimum working pressure. The transferred lamb-dip technique was used to measure the frequency absorption transition for both new and previously reported laser lines     

Small-signal gain and time-resolved spectroscopy of the D2-F2/CO2pulsed chemical transfer laser system

Measurements made of the small-signal gain and time-resolved spectral output of a flash-initiated D2-F2/CO2chemical transfer laser system are reported. Small-signal gain measurements indicate a possible lack of rotational equilibration among the rotational levels of the CO2during the DF-CO2V-V energy transfer process. Time-resolved spectral output of this system, operated as a laser oscillator, is presented as verification of the small-signal gain results.     

Cr3+→Nd3+ energy transfer and Nd3+ laser action studies of La3Ga5SiO14:Cr3+,Nd3+ co-doped crystal

Energy transfer between Cr³⁺ and Nd³⁺ ions has been investigated in the 4.2-300-K temperature range by using steady-state and site-selective time-resolved laser spectroscopy. Radiative and nonradiative energy transfer has been studied from the time-resolved emission spectra and the donor fluorescence decays. The transfer efficiency was calculated as a function of temperature by using the Cr³⁺ lifetimes of the single doped and co-doped samples. Laser experiments were carried out in a diffusive cavity by pumping a co-doped rod 54 mm long and 5 mm in diameter with xenon flashlamps. The laser spectral emission shows a complex structure which varies as a function of pump energy. The temporal evolution of the laser spectrum is discussed in terms of a simple four-level spectral rate-equation laser model which takes into account the existence of two main broad Nd³⁺ site distributions with a large spectral overlap     

CO2laser annealing of Si3N4, Nb2O5, and Ta2O5thin-film optical waveguides to achieve scattering loss reduction

Significant reductions in the optical scattering losses of Si3N4, Nb2O5, and Ta2O5waveguides fabricated on SiO2/Si substrates have been measured following CO2laser annealing. The largest improvements were observed for Si3N4waveguides, where waveguide attenuation values of about 6.0 dB/cm before laser annealing were reduced to as low as 0.1 dB/cm afterwards. An improvement of more than an order of magnitude was obtained for a Nb2O5waveguide upon laser annealing, the attenuation coefficient decreasing from 7.4 to 0.6 dB/cm. In the case of one Nb2O5waveguide no improvement was obtained upon laser annealing. The attenuation coefficient of a reactively sputtered Ta2O5waveguide was found to decrease from 1.3 dB/cm before laser annealing to 0.4 dB/cm afterwards. In the case of a thermally oxidized Ta2O5waveguide a small initial improvement in waveguide attenuation was followed by degradation upon further laser annealing.     

Analysis and optimization of Q-switched operation of a Tm/sup 3+/-doped silica fiber laser operating at 2 /spl mu/m

Analysis and operation of a Q-switched Tm/sup 3+/-doped silica fiber laser in the wavelength region of 2 /spl mu/m is described when pumped with a Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.319 /spl mu/m. A large core of 17-/spl mu/m diameter was used to increase the laser gain volume, allowing high pump-power absorption and an output of high pulse energy and peak power. An acoustooptic modulator was used as Q-switching element and operated at repetition rates up to 30 kHz. A maximum peak output power of greater than 4 kW and a pulse duration at full-width at half-maximum of 150 ns has been obtained. This is the first report of high peak-power operation of the thulium-doped silica fiber laser.     

GaInAsN/GaAs quantum dot laser diodes operating in 1.36 /spl mu/m wavelength range

For the first time, a pseudomorphic GaInAsN DWELL laser with laser emission at 1.36 /spl mu/m and a low transparency current density (206 A/cm/sup 2/) grown by molecular beam epitaxy is reported. The GaInAsN DWELL laser shows a redshift in comparison to an N-free GaInAs DWELL laser of about 90 nm and a transparency current density of 35 A/cm/sup 2/ per single QD layer.     

1.47 /spl mu/m Tm/sup 3+/:ZBLAN fibre laser pumped at 1.064 /spl mu/m

A large core area (1257 /spl mu/m/sup 2/) Tm/sup 3+/-doped ZBLAN fibre laser operated at 1.47 /spl mu/m is demonstrated. The pump source is a Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.064 /spl mu/m. A laser output power of 1.56 W continuous wave was obtained for 5.2 W of launched pump power. The slope efficiency with respect to the launched pump power was measured to be 33%.     

Ga0.66In0.34As/GaInAsP/InP tensile-strainedsingle-quantum-well lasers with 70-nm period wire active region

Fairly low threshold current operation was achieved with Ga_0.66In_0.34As/GaInAsP/InP tensile-strained (TS) single-quantum-well (SQW) lasers with 30-~40-nm-wide and 70-nm-period wire active region fabricated by a combination of a wet chemical etching and two-step OMVPE (organometallic vapor phase epitaxy) growth. Threshold current as low as 16 mA and threshold current density of 816 A/cm² were obtained under a room temperature CW condition. In comparing the spontaneous emission peak wavelength of the TS-SQW wire laser with that of the TS-SQW film laser, an approximately 10-meV blue shift of the fundamental energy level was observed in the TS-SQW wire laser     

基于电光调Q1064nm/532nm/570nm三波长固体激光器

为了提升激光技术在色素性疾病治疗等生物医学应用效果, 研制了一种1064nm, 532nm, 570nm三波长激光器。采用电光调Q Nd:YAG激光器获得最窄脉宽为11ns的1064nm脉冲激光输出, 使用磷酸氧钛钾(KTP)非线性晶体对基频光腔外倍频获得532nm激光输出; 以固体染料块为激光增益介质, 倍频光为抽运光, 可获得中心波长为570nm的黄光输出, 光光转换效率为61.3%。结果表明, 通过改变氙灯注入电压, 可以调节1064nm激光脉冲输出特性; 增加固体染料激光器腔长, 可以调节染料激光输出光谱特性。该研究结果对激光器灵活应用具有重要意义。     

Single-frequency Ti:Al2O3 ring laser

Over 500 mW of single-frequency power has been obtained from a Ti:Al₂O₃ ring laser pumped by 10 W (all lines) from an argon ion laser. The ring laser can be tuned from 750 to 850 nm while maintaining more than 100 mW in single-frequency operation without realignment or a change of optics. The free-running frequency stability of the laser is 3 MHz. Thermal effects cause changes in the ring cavity parameters, limiting the output power. This ring laser has also been operated with an acoustooptic mode locker to obtain 200-ps mode-locked pulses at 250 MHz with nearly the same average power as in single-mode operation     

Influence of the lifetime and degeneracy of the4I11/2level on Nd-glass amplifiers

Gain saturation of an Nd-glass amplifier by 1.06-μm light pulses is determined by the lifetimes and degeneracies of the two laser states as well as by thermalization rates among the components of the two multiplets to which the laser levels belong. Reported are measurements showing that although small signal gain was the same for amplified microsecond and picosecond pulses, comparable energy gain saturation occurred when the energy density of the mode-locked pulses was 1.9 times smaller than the amount for the microsecond pulses indicating terminal level filling with the shorter pulses. Our measurements indicate the terminal laser level, which is one of two unresolved groups in the⁴I_{11/2}multiplet, has a lifetime greater than 50 ns and a degeneracy likely to be one or two. Pulse train distortion due to saturating amplification was measured to find whether the thermalization rates among the levels of the laser multiplets were fast or slow compared to the 10^-11-s pulses, but experimental uncertainties prohibit a determination.     

Laser operation of epitaxially grown Yb:KLu(WO/sub 4/)/sub 2/--KLu(WO/sub 4/)/sub 2/ composites with monoclinic Crystalline structure

Epitaxial monoclinic double tungstate composites based on the strongly anisotropic KLu(WO/sub 4/)/sub 2/ (KLuW) were grown with high crystalline quality and laser operation of ytterbium was demonstrated for the first time. Highly efficient CW laser emission of an Yb:KLuW-KLuW crystal was achieved near 1030 nm. The 100-/spl mu/m-thick Yb:KLuW layer was pumped at wavelengths near 980 nm by a tapered diode laser as well as by a Ti:sapphire laser. More than 500 mW of CW output power and slope efficiencies up to 66% were obtained at room temperature without cooling.     

脉冲激光对石英基底Ta2O5/SiO2滤光膜的损伤效应研究

随着高能激光系统的发展,对光学薄膜抵抗激光损伤能力的要求越来越高,而激光脉宽是脉冲激光对薄膜损伤行为的重要影响因素。针对Ta₂O₅/SiO₂多层膜,基于1-on-1测试方法,分析其在飞秒、皮秒、纳秒激光作用下的损伤特性。测得800 nm飞秒激光作用下的损伤阈值为1.67 J/cm₂;532 nm和1 064 nm皮秒激光作用下的损伤阈值分别为1.08 J/cm²和1.98 J/cm²;532 nm和1 064 nm纳秒激光作用下的损伤阈值分别为9.39 J/cm₂和21.57 J/cm₂,并使用金相显微镜观察了滤光膜的损伤形貌。实验结果表明：飞秒激光对滤光膜的损伤机理主要是多光子电离效应,而皮秒和纳秒激光对滤光膜的损伤机制主要是热效应。滤光膜在飞秒激光作用下的损伤阈值与皮秒激光作用下的损伤阈值相当,纳秒激光作用下的损伤阈值要高一个数量级,透射通带外损伤阈值约为通带内损伤阈值的2倍。