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以邻甲酚、正辛硫醇、多聚甲醛为原料,哌啶为催化剂,DMF为溶剂,在氮气保护下合成了抗氧化剂1520〔2,4-二(正辛基硫亚甲基)-6-甲基苯酚〕。考察了投料比、催化剂用量、反应温度和时间对反应收率的影响。结果表明,当邻甲酚、正辛硫醇、多聚甲醛的摩尔比为1∶2∶4,哌啶用量为邻甲酚摩尔量的9.8%,110℃回流反应8h时,2,4-二(正辛基硫亚甲基)-6-甲基苯酚的收率达到94.5%。利用IR和1HNMR分析手段对产物进行表征。 相似文献
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2-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以邻甲酚和异丁烯为主要原料,合成2-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚。考察了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量等因素对合成反应的影响。结果表明,合成2-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚的最佳工艺条件为:常压下,催化剂用量为0.3%(以邻甲酚质量份计),反应温度为110℃,反应时间为3.5h。 相似文献
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以2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚和多聚甲醛为原料,采用酸性离子交换树脂催化合成了抗氧剂2246[2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)]。研究了催化剂DNW-1的用量、溶剂用量、反应时间、反应温度和原料的配比对抗氧剂2246的收率及纯度的影响。较佳反应条件为:2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚32.8 g,多聚甲醛3.9 g,DNW-1为12 g,正庚烷100 mL,Span 80为0.5 g,在84~86℃下反应4.5 h,收率(质量分数)为94.6%(96.6%)。该工艺减少了废水的排放。 相似文献
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聚二(2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯)硫醚的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了四步法合成聚二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚:①以异丁烯和间甲酚为原料,以浓硫酸为催化剂合成3 甲基 6 叔丁基苯酚,并将剩余釜底液继续与间甲酚反应使3 甲基 6 叔丁基苯酚的收率接近100%;②硫磺与氯气反应合成二氯化硫,收率80%以上;③3 甲基 6 叔丁基苯酚与二氯化硫发生缩合反应生成二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚,采用加入辅助溶剂法收率达到92%;④二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚同氧气发生氧化偶联反应合成聚二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚。氧化偶联反应的最佳条件:n〔二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚〕/n(氧气)=2 5~3 0,n(氯化亚铜)∶n〔二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚〕=1∶140,n(氯化亚铜)∶n(四甲基乙二胺)=1∶1 3的铜 胺络合物为催化剂,温度50℃,压力0 2MPa,反应时间2~3h,然后减压蒸出溶剂,最后得到淡黄色的聚二(2 甲基 4 羟基 5 叔丁基苯)硫醚,收率>99%。 相似文献
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本文以自制的2-环己基对甲酚为原料,在酸性催化剂条件下,以水为溶剂,与甲醛水溶液缩合反应合成了抗氧剂2,2’-亚甲基双(6-环己基-4-甲基苯酚)又称抗氧剂ZKF。本工艺采用廉价的甲醛水溶液代替国内外多数工艺中采用的甲缩醛或多聚甲醛,并以水为溶剂代替了有机溶剂,水溶液可循环使用5次,实现了清洁生产并降低了产品成本。产品收率为90.2%,产品纯度99.3%。 相似文献
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癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以活性炭负载四丁基钛酸酯作催化剂,癸二酸二甲酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶为原料合成癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯,并考察了反应时间、原料配比、催化剂用量及催化剂重复使用等条件对合成反应的影响。结果表明,较佳的工艺条件是:反应时间6h,n(癸二酸二甲酯)∶n(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)为0.1∶0.21;催化剂的用量为1.0g、溶剂的用量为40g。这种条件下,癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯的收率可达到97.85%以上,产品纯度达到99.0%。催化剂不经处理可多次循环使用。 相似文献
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以对甲基苯酚和异丁烯为原料,以浓硫酸为催化剂,选择性合成2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚,考察了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量等因素对合成2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚转化率和收率的影响。结果表明,在反应温度75℃,催化剂用量4%,反应时间45min时,2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚合成转化率达94.5%,产物收率为86.2%。 相似文献
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M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney F. Delle Monache M. Marquina Mac-Quhae G. B. Marini Bettolo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1985,11(12):1593-1599
Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria. 相似文献
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Cheng-Le Zhao Shane Porzio Alan Smith Haiyan Ge H. T. Davis L. E. Scriven 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2006,3(2):109-115
Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively.
There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized.
High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without
the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of
fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to
achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic
SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve
F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender
particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing,
and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing
or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually
preserves suspension stability during freezing.
Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago,
IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition. 相似文献
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Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US
In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae
and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted
in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures
(release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species
(Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species
to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were
exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of
separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles
from the southeastern region of the US. 相似文献
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Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed. 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2009,37(3)
收集了2007年7月~2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007~2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍. 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2007,35(3):1-25,67
收集了2005年7月~2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。 相似文献