平板显示器运动图像清晰度客观测试技术研究

提出了一种基于高速相机和时域空域解耦人眼视觉系统模型的新型运动图像清晰度客观测试方法,具有采用静态、动态一致的显示线作为评价参数,以及更完善的人眼视觉系统算法,基于调制度的客观测试能力等优点。采用高速相机、瞬态光度计、视频发生器实现了测试系统的原理性试验装置,并研制了软件验证算法。核心算法与测试序列已得到国家发明专利授权并得到系统实验验证。     

基于正则化方向失真的压缩图像质量评价

图像质量评价是图像和视频处理系统中的基本算法。该文在分析人眼视觉系统对图像感知特点的基础上,结合二维图像的几何本征特征研究,提出了一种新型的基于图像正则化方向失真的完全参考质量评价算法。该方法计算简单,物理意义明确。仿真试验结果表明,该方法符合人眼视觉系统特性,所得到的图像质量客观评价结果与主观评价结果之间具有更好的一致性。     

彩色成像系统最小可分辨色差测量方法研究

最小可分辨色差通常使用基于人眼观测的主观方法测量,精度不高。为了提高测量精度,利用人眼敏感度函数Barten模型建立起来一种客观测量模型。即彩色四杆靶图案被成像系统接收,经色彩空间变换、傅里叶变换、人眼敏感函数处理,当测试图案敏感度值与由人眼敏感度函数决定的人眼敏感度阈值相匹配时,将此时的图片转换到CIELAB颜色空间并计算色差,记录不同空间频率四杆靶的测试结果并与主观测量结果相比较。结果表明:基于人眼视觉模型的客观测量方法与主观测量方法所得结果相一致,即所提出的客观测量方法是可行的。     

基于梯度信息的图像质量评判方法的研究

图像质量客观评判标准广泛应用于图像处理中,基于人眼视觉系统的客观评判方法一直是图像处理领域的研究热点.最近,Zhou Wang等人提出了基于结构信息的评判方法—结构相似度(SSIM),它的理论基础是人眼视觉系统能高度自适应地提取场景中的结构信息.SSIM方法简单、评判性能优于PSNR(或MSE).但随着研究的深入,我们发现SSIM算法存在着一些问题,特别是不能很好地评判模糊失真类的图像.本文提出两种基于梯度信息的图像质量评判方法—基于梯度的结构相似度(GSSIM)和基于边缘的结构相似度(ESSIM).实验结果表明,GSSIM能更好地符合人眼视觉系统特性,而ESSIM对于模糊图像则取得了最好的评判效果.     

基于人类视觉系统的图像感知哈希算法

图像感知哈希(Perceptual Hashing)是一门新兴技术,它通过对图像感知信息的简短摘要和基于摘要的匹配,来支持图像的认证和识别,具有广泛的应用前景.目前关于图像感知哈希的研究主要集中在图像特征的提取上,但是特征的选择缺乏对人眼视觉特性的考虑.本文从不同的侧面提出几种基于人类视觉系统的图像感知哈希算法.通过这几种算法之间和已有传统算法之间的测试比较,结果表明考虑了人眼视觉特性的图像感知哈希算法在鲁棒性和区分性上能够得到提高,算法给出的感知距离度量更符合人的主观感受.     

基于运动和视差信息的立体视频质量客观评价

在研究人类 立体视觉特性及现有立体图像/视频质量评价算法的基础上,提出了一种基于运动信息和视 差信息的立 体视频质量的客观评价方法。方法包括视频质量评价(VQA)和视频立体感评价(VSSA)两个指 标,其中VQA的估计基于梯度的结构相似度(GSSIM) 算法,并充分考虑了帧内的亮度信息和结构信息、帧间运动信息以及人眼的感知特性对视频 质量的影响, 特别是根据人类的视觉特性,对左右视点的质量赋予了不同的权重;VSSA的估计 是通过计算参考 视频的绝对差值图和降质视频的绝对差值图之间的峰值信噪比(PSNR)而得到。实验结果表明,本文方法对基于H.264 编码的失真视频的评价结果与主观测试有较高的一致性,很好地体现人眼的视觉特性。     

基于AprilTag二维码的无人机着陆引导方法

计算机视觉导航技术具有精度高、不受电子干扰,成本低等特点,被誉为未来无人机自主定位的必备手段之一.作为新的定位手段,我们需要在实验室搭建仿真平台来进行大量的模拟训练.将虚拟现实、可视化技术与计算视觉导航算法紧密结合起来,开发了一种基于虚拟仿真环境的无人机视觉自主定位仿真验证系统.在场景中构建虚拟摄像机、棋盘格以及合作二维码标签,在虚拟场景中进行相机标定,并用标定得到的内参解算得到基于标签定位的位置参数,实时计算和输出位置参数.实验结果表明:该仿真系统可以对场景中虚拟相机进行准确标定得到虚拟摄像机的内参,解算定位参数误差在0.2m以内,满足无人机自主飞行以及降落的精度要求,并具备良好的用户显控界面,验证了基于视觉无人机自主定位算法的可行性.     

红外热像仪最小可辨温差客观评测技术

最小可辨温差(MRTD)是评价红外热像仪的重要技术指标,传统的测量方法都是基于测量人员的主观判读得到的,结果重复性差.为了解决这一问题,提出基于人工神经网络的客观评测方法,提出两种特征量--杆均值与背景极值对比度和相邻极值差与均值对比度,使用数字CCD摄像机代替人眼,采集大量图像数据输入人工神经网络,使用BP网络的LM算法进行训练.训练好的神经网络具有类似人的视觉系统的判读能力,可以由计算机代替人工对不同频率、不同温差下的4杆靶图像进行判读.通过Matlab模型和软件验证了系统的可用性,大量测试结果表明:测量结果准确,具有很好的重复性,与相同测量环境条件下由人眼主观测量的MRTD结果相吻合.采用该技术研制的测试设备已成功地应用于某试验单位的检测中,大大提高了测量效率和测量结果的准确性.     

多源图像彩色融合效果评价研究

通过采用简单、基于增强处理和HSV变换、基于人眼视觉特性及YIQ变换的彩色融合得到4幅图像,分别对其进行主观和客观评价.主观评价实验对同一场景的可见光、中波红外和长波红外图像进行了不同的算法处理,将获取结果用于直方图统计对比分析.客观评价采用基于YIQ变换及加权平均的方法进行图像比较,并直接用对比度R、粗糙度G和熵B比较融合结果,提出应采用主、客观结合的评价方法.     

DCI数字电影图像质量客观评价方法研究

提出了以峰值信噪比为基础,结合结构相似度和基于人眼视觉系统的数字电影图像质量客观评价方法.在符合全球第一个数字电影工业规范(DCI规范)的数字电影编码系统中实现了算法,并给出了评价结果.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.