FeC内电解处理渗滤液尾水研究

根据FeC对难降解物质具有一定的还原作用,并对部分物质具有去除COD的功效,应用FeC内电解技术对经矿化垃圾生物反应床处理后渗滤液尾水进行深度处理研究,通过FeC比例、pH条件、反应时间等不同因素的小型试验确定其适宜条件,并通过L9(34)正交试验,确定如下最佳条件,反应时间5h,pH为6,FeC比例为4:1,此时出水COD能降低约100 mg/L,而对氨氮其作用不大,甚至有增加的趋势,FeC内电解反应后出水的pH值和电导率具有一定的增加趋势.     

FeC内电解处理渗滤液尾水研究

根据FeC对难降解物质具有一定的还原作用，并对部分物质具有去除COD的功效，应用FeC内电解技术对经矿化垃圾生物反应床处理后渗滤液尾水进行深度处理研究，通过FeC比例、pH条件、反应时间等不同因素的小型试验确定其适宜条件，并通过L9（3^4）正交试验，确定如下最佳条件，反应时间，5h，pH为6,FeC比例为4：1，此时出水COD能降低约100mg／L，而对氨氮其作用不大，甚至有增加的趋势，FeC内电解反应后出水的DH值和电导率具有一定的增加趋势。     

内电解法脱除焦化高浓度有机废水COD效率的研究

采用铁碳内电解法预处理焦化厂焦油车间综合废水,通过分析铁碳质量比、反应溶液pH值、反应时间及反应温度等条件对COD脱除率的影响,确定该废水处理法的最佳反应条件。试验结果表明,在常温条件下,铁碳质量比为6∶1、反应溶液pH值为3.0、反应时间为40min时,内电解法处理废水的COD脱除率为25%~26%。     

Fenton氧化-混凝工艺处理焦化废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂氧化-混凝沉淀法深度处理焦化生化处理二沉池出水,考察了H2O2投加量、Fe2+/H2O2(物质的量比)、PFS(聚合硫酸铁)投加量、pH值、反应时间对TOC和COD去除效果的影响,确定了适宜的反应条件。试验结果表明,TOC和COD去除率最高分别达到90.7%和72.7%,出水COD浓度达到GB 8978—1996《国家污水综合排放标准》一级。     

催化臭氧氧化法深度处理焦化废水的研究

采用自制的γ-Al_2O_3基催化剂进行催化臭氧氧化焦化废水的试验,当铁锰铜镍质量比为1∶1∶1∶1,催化剂处理效果最佳。通过单因素试验分析了一定条件下的反应时间、催化剂用量、废水pH值、反应温度对废水处理效果的影响,确定催化臭氧氧化最佳工艺参数为:反应时间为50min,臭氧产量为10g/h,催化剂投加量为5g/L,废水pH值为9,反应温度为60℃。经催化臭氧氧化工艺处理后,焦化废水COD、NH_3-N、色度的去除率分别为54.67%,77%,90%。各项指标达到炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准。     

非均相芬顿氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液MBR出水试验

采用Cat-XHY作为非均相芬顿催化剂,研究其催化氧化降解垃圾渗滤液MBR出水的性能,考察了pH、过氧化氢投加量、催化剂投加量及反应时间对MBR出水中有机物的降解效果。试验结果表明：室温（25℃）下,Cat-XHY催化剂在pH=3、反应时间为2 h、双氧水投加量为废水质量的2%、催化剂投加量为废水质量的40%条件下对MBR出水COD去除率可达68.5%。同时,催化剂具有良好的重复利用性,在循环8次后COD去除率可达62.2%,催化剂质量损失率为0.038‰。     

山东某金矿废水脱氰降COD的试验研究

以山东某金矿高COD、高氰废水为研究对象,以脱除废水中的COD和CN~-为目的,首先进行了探索性试验,对比了双氧水、次氯酸钠和臭氧的氧化效果,确定了臭氧氧化的有效性。随后考察了废水pH值、臭氧用量、反应温度和反应时间对臭氧氧化过程的影响并进行了优化。结果显示,在臭氧气流速度1.5 L/min, pH=11,反应温度45℃,反应时间90 min的条件下,COD和CN~-的脱除率分别能够达到95.7%和96.2%,满足废水回用要求。     

预氧化化学强化混凝在污水处理中的试验研究

通过采用氧化剂预氧化强化混凝方法处理市政污水的试验研究,证实预氧化化学强化一级处理法可以有效的除去水体中悬浮物、COD、总磷,对水体中NH3-N也有明显的去除作用。经过多种常规药剂筛选,确定采用NaClO和S-8000A进行处理效果最佳,并对其工艺条件进行了试验研究,确定最佳pH值和反应时间。     

活性炭吸附法去除冶炼废水COD的研究

采用活性炭吸附法对株冶冶炼废水进行了COD去除研究,考察了pH值、反应时间、活性炭用量、反应温度对去除率的影响。结果表明：采用粉末活性炭为吸附剂,当pH值为8．5,搅拌时间为0．5h,活性炭用量为0．25g／L,温度为25℃时,COD去除率达到64．87％,出水COD约为20mg／L。     

用过氧硫酸氧化处理偶氮染料酸性绿20废水

研究了采用电解硫酸法制备氧化剂,并用以处理以酸性绿20为代表的偶氮染料废水,初步确定了氧化剂添加量、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂种类、催化剂添加量和氧化剂投加方式等对酸性绿20废水处理效果的影响。确定的最佳反应条件为:废水中酸性绿20质量浓度200 mg/L;以硫酸钴为催化剂,分2次投加;氧化剂添加量30 mL/L;催化剂添加量0.02 g/L;反应温度60℃;反应时间60 min。在最佳条件下,酸性绿20废水的脱色率达100%,COD去除率达90%。紫外光谱分析结果表明,偶氮键最先断裂,随后萘环、苯环断裂,发色团被破坏,这是本方法处理偶氮染料废水的主要机制。     

Organic Removal of Anaerobically Treated Leachate by Fenton Coagulation

The leachate from a Hong Kong landfill, containing 15,700 mg∕L of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 2,260 mg∕L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N), was first treated in a UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactor at 37°C. The process on average removed 90.4% of COD with 6.6 days of hydraulic retention at an organic loading rate of 2.37 g of COD∕L?day. The UASB effluent was further treated by the Fenton coagulation process using H2O2 and Fe2+. Under the optimal condition of 200 mg of H2O2∕L and 300 mg of Fe2+∕L and an initial pH of 6.0, 70% of residual COD in the UASB effluent was removed, of which 56% was removed by coagulation∕precipitation and only 14% by free radical oxidation. It is obvious that H2O2 and Fe2+ had a strong synergistic effect on coagulation. The average COD in the final effluent was 447 mg∕L. Removing each gram of COD required 0.28 g of Fe2+ and 0.18 g of H2O2.     

铜矿矿山废水的物化净化处理研究

针对某铜矿矿山酸性废水与选矿废水的所形成的混合废水的pH值较低,COD及重金属离子浓度较高的特点,研究利用Fenton氧化-电石乳中和-絮凝联合工艺处理酸碱混合废水的效果,试验表明:联合工艺对废水中的COD和重金属有着较高的去除率,当双氧水、电石乳及PAM投加量分别为340mg/L、12g/L以及2mg/L时,废水经处理后,COD<100mg/L,重金属Zn2+、Cu2+无检出,总铁<0.1mg/L、总锰<0.1mg/L,出水达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级排放标准。     

尾矿库氰渣淋溶废水深度处理工艺研究

针对黄金矿山尾矿库氰渣淋溶的低质量浓度含氰废水,采用OOT/OCT—BAF联合工艺进行处理。其试验结果表明,在进水总氰化合物为64.45 mg/L、硫氰酸盐为22.74 mg/L、COD为76.58 mg/L、铜为72.48 mg/L的条件下,当臭氧投加量为250 mg/L、臭氧投加量分流比为2∶1、BAF的废水停留时间为20 min、气水比为3∶1时,出水总氰化合物为0.02 mg/L、硫氰酸盐完全去除、COD为5.43 mg/L、铜为0.32 mg/L、氨氮为0.79 mg/L,出水达到《GB 3838—2002地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质。     

Biodegradation of Phenol with Wastewater as a Cosubstrate in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Anaerobic degradation of phenol mixed with a readily degradable synthetic wastewater (DSWW) as a cosubstrate was studied in a 12?L upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor at 30±2°C over a period of 632?days. DSWW was prepared by diluting sugar cane based molasses. The biomass was acclimatized to high phenol concentration by gradually decreasing the DSWW chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 4,000?mg/L. Feed made up of phenol COD and DSWW COD in the ratio of 7:3 (phenol concentration = 1,176?mg/L) was successfully treated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12?h and organic loading rate (OLR) of 8?g?COD/L?day. Phenol removal ranged from 99.9 to 84% at phenol COD varying from 10 to 70% in the feed. During the entire operation, COD removal varied from about 74 to 91.3%. The influent COD was distributed into CH4–COD ( ～ 72%), effluent COD ( ～ 17%), and sludge and unaccounted COD ( ～ 11%). The process failure occurred at 4:1 phenol COD: DSWW COD. Specific methanogenic activity of granular sludge exhibited uniform activity up to phenol COD of 70%. The performance of the reactor could not be maintained beyond 70% phenol COD even by reducing the sludge loading rate, increasing HRT, or decreasing OLR.     

磁性活性炭的制备及去除河涌水中COD的研究

采用改性磁种——磁性活性炭复合吸附材料结合磁分离法处理河涌水,考察了絮凝剂种类及用量、改性磁种投加量、作用时间、磁场强度等对河涌水中COD的去除效果。结果表明,采用改性磁种——磁性活性炭吸附并结合高梯度磁分离处理河涌水COD效果明显,在聚合氯化铝(PAC)用量10g/L、改性磁种用量30g/L、改性磁种作用时间20min、分离磁场强度8 000kA/m的条件下,原水含COD 90.18mg/L,出水含COD可降至6.59mg/L,除COD率达92.69%,达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中的Ⅰ类水COD标准。     

Operational Optimization and Mass Balances in a Two-Stage MBR Treating High Strength Pet Food Wastewater

A two-stage membrane bioreactor (MBR) system was evaluated for the treatment of high strength pet food wastewater characterized by oil and grease, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)5, total suspended solids (TSS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH4–N, and TP concentrations of 2,800, 25,000, 10,000, 4,500, 1,650, 1,300, and 370?mg/L, respectively, to meet stringent surface discharge criteria of BOD5, TSS, and NH4–N of <10?mg/L, and TP of <1?mg/L. Pretreatment of the dissolved air flotation effluent with FeCl3 at a dose of 3.5?g/L, corresponding to a Fe:P molar ratio of 1.3:1 affected TP, TSS, volatile suspended solids (VSS), COD, BOD5, and TKN reductions of 88, 72, 75, 11, 11, 36, and 17%, respectively. The two-stage MBR operating at a total hydraulic retention time of 5.3?days comprising 2.5?days in the first stage and 2.8?days in the second stage, and solids retention time of 25?days in the first stage consistently met the criteria despite wide variations in influent characteristics. Very high COD and BOD5 removal efficiencies of 97.2 and 99.8% were observed in the first stage, with an observed yield of 0.14?gVSS/gCOD. A modular approach for the quantification of simultaneous nitrification denitrification (SND) in the first-stage MBR was developed and verified experimentally. The model indicated that on average, 21% of the influent nitrogen was removed by SND and predicted nitrogen loss with an accuracy of 72%. Complete nitrification of the residual organic nitrogen and ammonia was achieved in the second-stage MBR.     

含有机污染物废水电解及机理研究

利用电解氧化技术对有机污染物废水进行了研究.首先,研究了电解机理,电解作用有4种:絮凝作用、浮选作用、直接氧化还原作用、间接氧化还原作用;然后,研究了影响处理效果的因素,这些因素主要包括:电流密度(电流强度或电压)、pH值、电解时间、电解质投加量、极板间距等.试验结果表明,在其它条件不变时,最佳电流强度为4A,最佳pH值为7,电解时间为80min,电解质投加量越高COD去除率越高,最佳极板间距为2cm.     

萃取皂化废水除COD制工业盐工艺研究

研究了皂化废水中含油量、COD浓度对皂化废水结晶盐的品质影响和Fenton氧化法降解COD工艺。结果表明,经活性炭除油后,含油量小于5 mg/L;在摩尔比n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)=8、反应pH=3.0、双氧水浓度0.472 mmol/L、反应时间60 min的条件下,COD浓度小于217 mg/L。经上述工艺处理后的皂化水用氢氧化钠沉淀除铁,蒸发结晶可以得到白度为87.52、氯化钠纯度为95.7%、达到一级标准的工业级氯化钠盐。     

Effect of Aeration on the Quality of Effluent from UASB Reactor Treating Sewage

The treatment of effluent of pilot- and full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors operating at steady state was studied in an aeration-settling system. The fine pore submerged diffusers were used to aerate the effluent of UASB reactors under different operating conditions. Forty to 55% of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were achieved by the direct aeration of the UASB effluent in the laboratory. The maximum removal efficiencies were achieved at 30?min hydraulic retention time (HRT) and a dissolved oxygen (DO) of 5–6??mg/L or high KLa (vigorous aeration). Batch experiments on nitrogen purging and the aeration of sulfides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nonpurgeable organic carbons (NPOCs) were performed to ascertain the mechanism of BOD/COD removal. During aeration, BOD and COD were reduced by the stripping of H2S and VOCs and by the chemical oxidation of total sulfides and organic carbon. The stripping and chemical oxidation depended on the HRT and DO. The performance of a full-scale surface aeration system was compared to the performance of a pilot-scale diffused aeration system. Final sedimentation was effective only in removing the solids from the effluent of the aeration system. The results were confirmed by organic mass balance.     

Treatment of High-Strength Pharmaceutical Wastewater and Removal of Antibiotics in Anaerobic and Aerobic Biological Treatment Processes

Anaerobic and aerobic treatment of high-strength pharmaceutical wastewater was evaluated in this study. A batch test was performed to study the biodegradability of the wastewater, and the result indicated that a combination anaerobic-aerobic treatment system was effective in removing organic matter from the high-strength pharmaceutical wastewater. Based on the batch test, a pilot-scale system composed of an anaerobic baffled reactor followed by a biofilm airlift suspension reactor was designed. At a stable operational period, effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the anaerobic baffled reactor ranged from 1,432 to 2,397?mg/L at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.25 day, and 979 to 1,749?mg/L at an HRT of 2.5 day, respectively, when influent COD ranged from 9,736 to 19,862?mg/L. As a result, effluent COD of the biofilm airlift suspension reactor varied between 256 and 355?mg/L at HRTs of from 5.0 to 12.5 h. The antibiotics ampicillin and aureomycin, with influent concentrations of 3.2 and 1.0?mg/L, respectively, could be partially degraded in the anaerobic baffled reactor: ampicillin and aureomycin removal efficiencies were 16.4 and 25.9% with an HRT of 1.25 day, and 42.1 and 31.3% with HRT of 2.5 day, respectively. Although effective in COD removal, the biofilm airlift suspension reactor did not display significant antibiotic removal, and the removal efficiencies of the two antibiotics were less than 10%.