过氧化氢溶液改性活性炭催化微波照射降解结晶紫的研究

在过氧化氢改性活性炭（AC）存在下,微波照射能使结晶紫溶液快速降解。本文采用UV-vis光谱、离子色谱和液相色谱（HPLC）探讨了过氧化氢浓度、浸泡时间、微波照射时间、催化剂用量以及结晶紫溶液初始浓度和酸度等因素对结晶紫降解率的影响。结果表明,提高微波照射时间或增加改性AC加入量可提高降解率。改性AC作为微波降解结晶紫...     

硫酸铁改性活性炭催化微波降解甲基对硫磷

在硫酸铁改性活性炭存在下,微波照射能使溶液中的甲基对硫磷迅速降解。对25、100mg／L的甲基对硫磷溶液,改性活性炭0．4g／L,微波照射3．0min,降解率达77．18％。适当提高改性活性炭加入量,同样照射时间即可达96．90％。而采用未改性活性炭甲基对硫磷降解率为93．20％。结果表明,微波照射下改性活性炭的催化活性明显高于未改性活性炭。另外,采用紫外．可见光谱和离子色谱技术探讨了微波照射时间、甲基对硫磷初始浓度和酸度、活性炭用量、改性液硫酸铁浓度和酸度对改性活性炭催化微波降解甲基对硫磷的影响。     

微波诱导活性炭催化降解水中灭多威的方法研究

建立了一种快速有效地降解水体中杀虫剂灭多威的方法。采用微波诱导活性炭(MW/AC)催化技术对水体中灭多威的降解进行了研究。考察了微波照射时间、溶液初始浓度、催化剂用量和溶液酸度对灭多威降解的影响。对总体积25 mL、质量浓度50 mg/L的灭多威溶液,加入活性炭1.6g/L时,使用功率750 W、频率2 450 MHz的微波照射3.0 min,则灭多威降解率达84.11%。适当提高活性炭加入量至2.4 g/L,降解率即可达100%。MW/AC降解灭多威这一方法具有降解效率高、降解速度快、成本低、没有中间产物生成和无二次污染等优点,适合于灭多威废水的处理。     

硫酸铁改性活性炭催化微波降解甲基橙的研究

在硫酸铁改性活性炭存在下,微波照射能使溶液中的甲基橙迅速降解。对总体积25ml,浓度500mg／L的甲基橙溶液,改性活性炭加入量2．0g／L微波辐射3．0分钟,降解率达76．60％。适当提高活性炭加入量,如3． 0g／L,同样辐射时间可达95．40％。在同样条件下采用未改性活性炭时,其降解率分别为69．53％和90．97％。采用紫外-可见光谱和离子色谱技术探讨了微波辐射时间、甲基橙初始浓度、活性炭用量、改性硫酸铁浓度和溶液酸度对降解甲基橙的影响。     

新型光电化学协同催化降解结晶紫

以TiO2/Ti薄膜电极为阳极、石墨电极为阴极,设计了一种新型的双槽光电化学协同催化反应器,用该反应器对结晶紫溶液进行了降解研究。考察了结晶紫溶液的浓度、pH值、阴极电位等因素对结晶紫降解脱色效率的影响,对结晶紫的脱色与矿化过程进行了初步讨论,并根据结晶紫在降解反应前后GC-MS中间产物分析和紫外-可见光谱的变化,探讨了其催化降解过程。结果表明,在光电化学协同催化反应器中,当结晶紫溶液初始浓度为30mg/L和溶液初始pH值为3时,经过120min的催化降解,其降解脱色率高达98.3%,而矿化率相对较低,约在20%～30%,相对于结晶紫的脱色反应速率而言,其矿化过程相对缓慢。     

硝酸改性处理对活性炭性能的影响

研究了硝酸对活性炭改性处理后,活性炭灰分、pH值、表面元素含量以及表面结构的性能,结果表明硝酸对活性炭进行改性处理,能降低活性炭的灰分、pH值和比表面积,增加活性炭表面氧含量。     

微波活性炭催化降解染料废水的研究现状

微波-活性炭催化降解染料废水新技术具有降解效率高、时间短等优点。本文对微波-活性炭催化降解技术在染料废水处理领域的应用和研究状况进行了综述。     

硝酸改性活性炭吸附汽油中有机硫

以焦化厂焦油渣为原料制备活性炭,用硝酸对活性炭改性,用于汽油中有机硫脱除的研究。考察了硝酸浓度、浸渍量、活化温度和焙烧温度对脱硫效率的影响。硝酸浓度为40%时,活性炭脱硫效果最佳。硝酸浸渍量和活性炭量之比达到9∶1时,活性炭脱硫效率最高。硝酸活化温度80℃时,活性炭脱硫率有较大改善。活性炭脱硫效率最高,焙烧时间过短和过长,都不利于活性炭脱硫效率的提高。     

活性炭的硝酸表面改性及其吸附性能

用硝酸对粒状活性炭进行了表面改性,考察了硝酸浓度及氧化时间对活性炭表面官能团的影响.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-TR)、Boehm滴定、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、物理吸附以及颗粒强度分析仪等对氧化前后样品进行了表征分析.以改性活性炭为载体,浸渍活性组分后制备了浸渍炭催化剂,考察了其对氯化氰防护性能.研究发现,低浓度硝酸氧化改性可增加活性炭表面酸性基团的含量,减少碱性基团的含量,从而提高活性炭的表面亲水性,而对活性炭的结构没有明显影响;制备的浸渍炭催化剂对氯化氰防护时间明显增长.当硝酸浓度为8%,氧化时间为8 h时防护效果最好.     

Burkholderia Vietnamiensis对水中结晶紫的降解

从福州某印染厂活性污泥中分离筛选出1株对结晶紫染料有强脱色能力的菌株,根据其形态学特征和生理生化鉴定以及16S rRNA基因序列分析,鉴定为Burkholderia Vietnamiensis C09V.在振荡培养条件下对该菌株的脱色降解特性进行了研究,结果表明,菌株C09V的最佳碳源为葡萄糖;最佳氮源为KNO3;最适脱色初始pH为5.0;最佳菌投加体积分数为5％;最适脱色温度为35℃;在最适脱色条件下脱色36 h,该菌株对30 mg·L-1结晶紫脱色率可达到96.5％.     

Studies on degradation of triphenylmethane dye crystal violet by electro-flotation device

Electrolysis technology is very effective in removing organic pollutants including dye wastewater and takes into account environmental friendliness. This paper deals with the electrochemical degradation of triphenylmethane dye crystal violet (DCV) from the aqueous solution using 304 stainless steel electrodes. The electrolytic cell device with a flotation column structure was set up and the electrolytic degradation process was studied. It could be found that the DCV removal efficiency and reaction rate constants were fitting the first-order kinetic model. The process performance was analyzed in terms of degradation efficiency and energy consumption. Almost complete degradation (>98%) of 100 mg/L DCV was achieved after the 40 min reaction under the conditions of 300 mg/L NaCl dosage, nature pH (5–7), and 10 V applied voltage. Finally, the behaviours of degradation were studied. In the process of electrochemical degradation, the synergistic effects of electrode electrolysis, including indirect oxidation of electrolyte, hydroxyl radical, flocculation, and air flotation, removed the dye pollutants from the wastewater. The present study has proved the effectiveness and cleanness of electrochemical treatment for the triphenylmethane dye solution.     

Removal of crystal violet from wastewater using resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon xerogels

Resorcinol-formaldehyde activated carbon xerogels (RF-ACXs) were prepared at different conditions. RF-ACXs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface area and porosity analyzer, X-rays diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Batch adsorption was used to evaluate the ability of RF-ACXs to remove crystal violet (CV) from wastewater. CV adsorption capacities of RF-ACXs ranged from 66.47 to 121.53 mg·g^?1 for CV initial concentration ranged from 0 to 120 mg/L at 60°C. Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using collection of models. The best results were achieved with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and Langmuir’s equilibrium model. Regenerability and reusability of RF-ACXs were investigated.     

Removal of diclofenac from aqueous solution with multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified by nitric acid☆

Modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as adsorbents for removal of diclofenac. The re-action conditions were examined. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models were applied to determine appropriate equilibrium expression. The results show that the experimental data fit the Freundlich equation well. Thermodynamic parameters show that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. The kinetic study indicates that the adsorption of diclofenac can be well described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the process is controlled by multiple steps.     

电动降解处理酸性品红染料废水的研究

研究了酸性品红在电动降解作用下的定向迁移及降解反应。在电场作用下,酸性品红定向迁移到阴极附近区域,聚集到一定浓度时被电动降解除去。考察了pH值、电压及电解质浓度对酸性品红电动降解的影响。实验表明,较好的酸性品红分子降解工艺条件为:pH=5,电压为18 V,电解质浓度为3 mg/L。     

A novel hydrogen peroxide sensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(pyrocatechol violet)‐modified glassy carbon electrode

In this work, a new hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) sensor was reported based on electropolymerizing pyrocatechol violet (PCV) on a glassy carbon electrode modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electron micrography. The result of electrochemical experiments showed a favorable catalytic activity toward the reduction of H₂O₂ at ?0.4 V with a linear response range from 2.0 μM to 2.4 mM and a detection limit of 0.7 μM (at a S/N = 3). The well catalytic activity of proposed sensor could be attributed to the poly‐PCV/MWCNTs composite film on the electrocatalytic reduction of H₂O₂. In addition, the sensor also exhibited a high sensitivity, good stability, and reproducibility. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

二氧化钛可见光催化降解甲基紫的影响因素

对自制锐钛矿型掺铁二氧化钛粉末进行SEM表征,研究了用光催化降解甲基紫的影响因素。结果表明,所制备的粉末由二氧化钛晶体自组装而成,晶体呈八面体结构,每个面为三角形。可见光照射下,用产物二氧化钛催化降解甲基紫溶液的优化条件是:4 mg/L的甲基紫溶液中加入0.180 0 g掺铁2%(摩尔分数)二氧化钛粉末,室温下恒温反应2 h,降解率为59.36%。