连杆疲劳试验方法研究及改进

应力测试是结构强度评估中一种主要的方法,在发动机零部件结构可靠性研究中广泛应用,本文利用应力测试方法对某连杆进行了测试,得到了主要部位的应力状态,并通过对疲劳试验状态下的连杆应力进行测试,通过应力结果对比,对连杆疲劳试验方法进行了验证并提出了改进意见.     

两种深层岩土热物性测试方法的比较

通过对现场热物性测试和现场冷热量测试两种测试方法的对比,说明了各自在深层岩土热物性测试的优缺点。结合实际工程,对两种方法在测试中出现的问题进行分析,指出了现场热物性测试是一种适用范围更广的测试方法。     

工业锅炉能效监测方法的研究进展

锅炉能效监测可明确锅炉的运行情况,对能效数据的准确测试可衡量节能技术的效果.阐述了五项监测指标的测试方法,归纳了锅炉热效率测试方法,分析比较了氧量法和常规法在应用中存在的优缺点.通过对能效测试方法的分析明确了锅炉能效的影响因素,可根据影响因素采取优化锅炉运行的措施提高锅炉能效,达到节能降耗的目的.     

平板型太阳集热器热性能的快速测试方法研究

对快速测量平板太阳集热器热性能的瞬态测试方法进行研究，并将快速测试方法的测试结果与国标GB／T4271-2000(平板型太阳集热器热性能试验方法)规定的测试方法所得的结果进行比较。通过对比可见，基于瞬态测试的快速测试方法可以得到与稳态测试同样的结果，考虑到现有太阳辐射表的精度，只要太阳辐照度大于300W／m2瞬态测试即可有效，且对测试期间太阳辐照度的变化无要求。在除雨雪天的情况下，整个测试可以在1d内完成。     

基于UML的软件可靠性测试

针对软件可靠性是软件质量和定量评价可靠性水平的关键问题,基于UML的软件可靠性测试方法,以兵团区域空间信息服务系统为例,测试了部分模块,并收集和分析了测试数据,应用统计方法获得了软件可靠性的质量、度量.实例结果表明,该测试方法可行有效、精度高,并能较好实现测试软件可靠性的预期结果.     

在用水冷冷水机组效率测试方法探讨

介绍了负荷率对水冷冷水机组效率的影响,并简单对比了实验室平台测试效率与在线测试效率的差异。对在用水冷冷水机组的效率测试方法提出建议:用间接测试方法测得的效率验证直接法测得的效率,并通过实际测试案例补充说明。同时对两种方法的测试结果差异进行了理论分析。     

工业锅炉定型产品热效率测试方法探讨

为了进一步完善工业锅炉定型产品热效率测试方法,本文对工业锅炉热效率正平衡测试和反平衡测试方法进行了分析和讨论,结果表明:热效率反平衡法更适合于连续给燃料的锅炉.基于热效率反平衡测试方法,本文提出了锅炉系统热平衡边界的划分方法、排烟温度测量方法、烟气成分测量宜选用的仪器仪表,并且对锅炉热效率测试结果的修正提出了宜采用的方法,这些建议的提出为相关标准的制修订提供了依据.     

双面光伏组件I-V测试方法研究

主要研究双面光伏组件的电性能测试,通过选择6种不同的双面光伏组件,分别采用等效光强法、双面同步打光法以及公式法进行实验验证。通过实验发现:不同测试方法对同一块组件进行I-V测试的结果差异较大,但这种差异在不同类型组件测试中并不一致,所以3种测试方法并不能简单地等同。最后根据光伏组件应用场景分析,推荐使用SEMI的双面同步闪光法对双面光伏组件进行I-V测试。     

天然气分布式能源热力系统性能评价测试方法

为科学客观地评价天然气分布式能源系统,提出了一种天然气分布式能源热力系统的性能评价测试方法。通过界定测试边界,确定了热力系统的一类特征测试参数,并给出了各特征参数的测量不确定度、测量原理及测试方法,推导出机组的热效率、热耗率,系统的输出热/冷量、一次能源利用率、相对节能率和热电比等各性能指标的计算方法。通过对某示范工程项目的现场测试,验证了该方法的科学性、可行性和测试结果的可信度。     

PM_(2.5)重量法现场测量技术研究

阐述了重量法(DPI)测量原理,分析了适用于现场测试的采样方法和操作流程,并首次利用DPI对燃煤电厂排放PM2.5进行现场测试研究,将测试结果同电荷法(ELPI)测试结果进行比较,研究发现两仪器的测试结果具有较好的一致性。DPI测试方法可为标准测试方法的选取提供参考。     

加速度传感器在断路器测速中的应用

在1 MV变电站安装现场测量全密封组合电器（GIS）断路器的分合速度和分合时间十分困难,既无安装位置,又与出厂试验方式不同,测试数据几乎无可比性.通过对断路器分合闸行程的机理分析,利用加速度测量计制作的传感器,解决了现场测试中GIS断路器分合闸行程采样的诸多弊端和困难,使得试验十分方便和成功.对于GIS空间要求低,GIS布置较为紧凑的地下变电站及其他不便安装直线型传感器的大型GIS设备特别适用.相信经过不断完善和技术拓展,加速度传感器在GIS断路器测速中的应用更为广阔.     

800 kV气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备的研制

分析了国内外800 kV气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(GIS)的制造水平,详细介绍了西安西开高压电气股份有限公司800 kV GIS的结构特点及型式试验情况:800 kV GIS除断路器外其余部分均按照1 100 kV电压等级设计,有较大的设计裕度;该产品进行了整套型式试验,绝缘试验分别按800 kV和1 100 kV电压等级进行了绝缘验证,对充气套管外绝缘进行了海拔3 000m的修正试验验证;断路器具有很强的短路开断能力,可满足时间常数120 ms条件下的短路开断要求,直流分量达81%。型式试验表明,该产品完全满足我国750 kV电网对800 kV GIS设备的需要。     

Comparison of 1D and 3D analysis of the front contact influence on GaAs concentrator solar cell performance

An extensive analysis of the front contact influence on concentrator GaAs solar cell performance has been carried out. The fill factor, open circuit voltage and efficiency have been calculated by varying the front contact specific resistance and the metal sheet resistance for 500X, 1000X and 2000X. An optimum front grid design has also been developed. The simulations have been carried out using a 3D model based on distributed circuit units, and by a classic lumped model, showing the need to use distributed models to achieve an accurate concentrator solar cell modeling as well as a precise front grid design.     

太阳电池效率与串联电阻的近似指数关系

太阳电池的串联电阻对其效率有显著的影响。呈近似指数关系。串联电阻对填充因子有重要的影响。串联电阻。对太阳电池的卜一v特性进行数值分析，证明效率和串联电阻由实测的开路电压、短路电流和效率可以简便地数值计算确定     

大屯发电厂电气启动试验方法的分析

大屯发电厂35／1IOKV的升压站采用了GIS设计，无论是发变组出口开关还是TA处都无法拆开，也就无法安装短路铜排，常规的电气开机试验方法存在的问题越来越明显。本文提出了改进的短路点设置新方法，此方法既录制了发变组短路特性，又检验了差动保护的方向。并且调整了电气启动试验的顺序，以节约机组启动试验时间，既节约了机组的燃油时间，又减少了电网的受进电量，带来了良好的经济效益。     

The effect of the series resistance on the photovoltaic properties of In-doped CdTe(p) thin film homojunction structure

The photovoltaic properties of In-doped CdTe(p) thin film homojunction structure have been investigated; the effect of the series resistance on the short circuit current has especially been discussed in detail. A simulation of the fabricated device is achieved successfully using the PSPICE computer program. Mathematical derivations are implemented in order to interpret the results. It is found that the deteriorative effect of the series resistance on the short circuit current vs light intensity characteristics increases by increasing the light intensity. A new factor has been suggested to be a measure of how the series resistance affects the solar cell behavior at low and high light intensities.     

Enhanced reliability of planar-type solid oxide fuel cell stack incorporating leakage gas induction channels

Planar type solid oxide fuel cell stacks have been studied for use as commercial products because of their high energy density and environment-friendly operation. They employ a gasket as a sealant as it enables easy assembly and repair. However, its imperfect sealing property, detrimental to long-term operation, has limited its introduction. Here, a stack design with a gasket sealant including a leakage gas induction channel is developed. The leakage gas induction channel within the gasket sealant prevents gas leakage of fuel and air to the opposite electrode and ensures the stack's stable operation. The stack design's reliability is confirmed via a heating-cycle test and an open circuit voltage to a 0.7 V voltage control test. In-situ gas chromatography analysis shows that the diffusion of gases effectively reduces by releasing them outside the stack through the leakage gas induction channel.     

Research on parameter identification and state of charge estimation of improved equivalent circuit model of Li-ion battery based on temperature effects for battery thermal management

The performance and parameters of Li-ion battery are greatly affected by temperature. As a significant battery parameter, state of charge (SOC) is affected by temperature during the estimation process. In this paper, an improved equivalent circuit model (IECM) considering the influence of ambient temperatures and battery surface temperature (BST) on battery parameters based on second-order RC model have been proposed. The exponential function fitting (EFF) method was used to identify battery model parameters at 5 ambient temperatures including −10°C, 0°C, 10°C, 25°C and 40°C, fitting the relationship between internal resistance and BST. Then, the SOC of the IECM was estimated based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm. Using the result calculated by the Ampere-hour integration method as the standard, the data of battery under open circuit voltage (OCV) test profile and dynamic stress test (DST) profile at different ambient temperatures has been compared with the ordinary second-order RC model, and the advantages of the SOC estimation accuracy with IECM was verified. The numerical results showed that the IECM can improve the estimation accuracy of battery SOC under different operating conditions.     

AC impedance characteristics of a vehicle PEM fuel cell stack under strengthened road vibrating conditions

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used in this paper to investigate the performance of the fuel cell stack and single cells under long-term vibrating conditions on strengthened roads. During strengthened road vibration test, the electrochemical impedance spectra of fuel cell stack and several cells in the stack are measured nine times at regular intervals. Parameters of a Randles-like equivalent circuit are fitted to the experimental data. The classical Randles cell is extended by changing the standard plane capacitor into a constant phase element so that the quality of fit is improved. The results of the electrochemical impedance analysis indicate that the ohmic resistance of the fuel cell stack is nearly linear with the vibration time and reaches a growth of 0.035695% per hour. While the charge transfer resistance of the fuel cell stack during strengthened vibration test ascends after it falls down firstly, and finally tends to be stable. The influence of cell position on the AC impedance is also studied, and the results of which show that the cell position has a significant impact on the ohmic resistance.     

Measurement of solar cell parameters using impedance spectroscopy

Measurement of solar cell parameters is important for the design of satellite power systems. These parameters can be measured using impedance spectroscopy and an equivalent circuit model developed. In this study parameters of a Back Surface Reflector Field solar cell (BSFR) have been measured using impedance spectroscopy. The results show high diffusion capacitance of BSFR cells and their exponential relation to the operating voltage. Cell dynamic resistance, diode factor, transition capacitance, and series resistance could also be measured. The minority carrier life time also has been calculated.