粉末冶金纯钛的热变形本构方程及热加工图研究

采用热模拟试验方法研究粉末冶金纯钛在温度为400~700℃、应变速率为0.001~1 s-1的变形条件下的热变形行为,推导出了粉末冶金纯钛的高温变形流变本构方程,建立基于动态材料模型(DMM)的粉末冶金纯钛的加工图。研究结果表明:粉末冶金纯钛的高温流变应力与变形条件之间的关系可用双曲正弦函数描述,其高温变形激活能为221.23 k J/mol;在高应变速率条件下(0.1 s-1)变形时,材料发生失稳变形。粉末冶金纯钛的最佳变形参数区间为450~550℃/0.001~0.01 s-1和625~700℃/0.001~0.01 s-1。     

纯镍N6平面热压缩变形行为及加工图

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对纯镍N6在变形温度800~1100℃,应变速率5~40 s-1,应变量70%条件下进行了高温塑性变形压缩试验,分析纯镍N6高温高应变速率热变形行为,得到了材料在不同变形参数条件下的组织变化规律及流变应力变化曲线,利用动态材料模型绘制出了纯镍N6在不同应变条件下的热加工图.通过对组织及热加工图的分析研究,得出变形温度为1000~1100℃,应变速率为5~7 s-1或20~40 s-1以及变形温度为800~900℃,应变速率为5~10 s-1为纯镍N6材料高温高应变速率热变形的两个合理变形参数区间,在参数区间内N6组织均匀;而流变失稳区变形参数条件下得到的组织比较紊乱,晶粒大小不一.纯镍N6热变形后的晶粒尺寸随变形温度升高及应变速率减小而增大.      

TA17钛合金热力学行为及加工特性研究

为了研究TA17钛合金热轧条件下的高温变形行为及热加工特性,在热模拟机上开展变形温度为700~1100℃、应变速率为1~40 s~(-1)条件下的热压缩实验,建立基于Arrhenius模型的本构方程,以及应变分别为0.3和0.6时的热加工图,结合热变形显微组织分析,研究该合金的热塑性变形机制。结果表明:TA17钛合金流变应力随着变形温度的升高而降低,随着应变速率的升高而升高。在温度为800~1000℃、应变速率为1~10 s~(-1)时,材料的变形机制主要为动态再结晶;温度为1000~1100℃、应变速率为1~10 s~(-1)时,材料发生动态回复;温度为700~800℃或1000~1100℃、应变速率大于20 s~(-1)时,材料产生绝热剪切带;温度为700~800℃,应变速率为1~5 s~(-1)时,材料易产生裂纹。得出该合金较优的热轧工艺参数为:变形温度800~1000℃,应变速率1~10 s~(-1)。     

纯钼高温塑性变形及流变应力行为

采用MMS-300热模拟实验机研究纯钼在变形温度为900~1 300℃和应变速率为0.004~1 s-1条件下的高温塑性变形行为。分析了纯钼流变应力与应变速率、变形温度之间的关系,计算了纯钼高温塑性变形时的变形激活能。研究结果表明:纯钼在热变形过程中流变应力随应变速率的增加而增加,随温度的升高而降低,且其高温塑性变形行为可以用Zener-Hollomon参数的流变应力方程进行描述。该纯钼在实验条件范围内发生了明显的动态回复与动态再结晶。     

平面应变压缩工业纯钛的动态再结晶研究

利用Gleeble—3800型热模拟实验机,在变形温度650~800℃、应变速率1s~(-1)和5s~(-1)条件下对工业纯钛进行多道次平面应变压缩实验,模拟实际热轧生产。通过真应力、应变、软化率和加工硬化率等数据,研究工业纯钛多道次变形过程的软化现象和动态再结晶临界应变。结果表明,工业纯钛间歇时间内的软化率随着变形温度升高和应变速率降低而增加;再结晶临界应变量随着变形温度升高而减小,且动态再结晶临界应变ε_c与峰值应变ε_p存在线性关系:ε_c=0.467 6ε_p。     

纯钛TA1热变形行为及加工图

采用Gleeble-3800热模拟机对一种纯钛TA1进行了等温等应变速率热压缩试验,变形温度范围为650~850℃,应变速率范围为1~20 s~(-1),变形量为60%。研究结果表明:纯钛的流变应力随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率升高而升高;采用Arrhenius本构模型构建了纯钛的本构方程,该方程可为纯钛热加工的数值模拟提供模型参考;根据动态材料模型构建了纯钛的热加工图,并通过纯钛的显微组织对热加工图进行了验证,结果表明纯钛热加工图的预测与组织演变规律一致。研究结果为纯钛热加工工艺的制定和优化提供了理论依据。     

Fe16Mn0.6C TWIP钢流变应力和临界动态再结晶行为

 利用Thermecmastor-Z热模拟实验机,得到了Fe16Mn0.6C TWIP钢在变形温度850~1150℃,应变速率0.03~30s-1条件下热压缩变形的真应力应变曲线。进而研究了变形温度、应变速率对Fe16Mn0.6C流变应力和临界动态再结晶行为的影响规律。结果表明,850~1150℃范围内Fe16Mn0.6C热变形的峰值应力随温度的升高而降低,随着应变速率的增大而升高;且在应变速率为0.03 s-1和30 s-1出现明显的应力峰值,材料发生了动态再结晶。最后采用线性回归方法计算出Fe16Mn0.6C的高温变形流变应力本构方程,得出热变形激活能为469kJ/mol;并通过应变硬化速率与流变应力曲线求出了该钢种动态再结晶临界条件与Z参数之间的关系。     

Cu-Cr-Zr合金的热变形行为

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机对Cu-Cr-Zr合金进行了压缩变形实验,分析了在变形温度为25~700℃、应变速率为0.0001~0.1000s-1的条件下流变应力的变化规律,利用扫描电镜及透射电镜分析合金在热压缩过程中的组织演变及动态再结晶机制。结果表明:Cu-Cr-Zr合金在热变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,且变形温度和应变速率均对流变应力有显著的影响,流变应力随着变形温度的升高而降低,随着应变速率的增加而升高,说明该合金属于正应变速率敏感材料;当变形温度为400~500℃时,低应变速率(0.0001~0.0010 s-1)的真应力-真应变曲线呈现动态再结晶曲线特征,高应变速率(0.01~0.10 s-1)的真应力-真应变曲线呈现动态回复特征;在真应力-真应变曲线的基础上,采用双曲正弦模型能较好地描述Cu-Cr-Zr合金高温变形时的流变行为,建立了完整描述合金热变形过程中流变应力与应变速率和变形温度关系的本构方程,确定了合金的变形激活能为311.43 kJ·mol-1。     

工业纯钛热加工图的建立和板材热轧工艺路线的优化

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机进行多道次平面应变压缩实验,建立了TA1工业纯钛的热加工图,并以此确定了板材的可加工区域。在区域内选择3条工艺路线,利用2 800 mm四辊可逆轧机制备出TA1工业纯钛板材。通过对板材显微组织和力学性能的分析得出,采用开轧温度700~750℃,应变速率5 s-1,道次变形量不低于25%的工艺路线,可以获得满足使用要求的板材,且提高了成材率,降低了生产成本。     

H13钢高温压缩过程中温升对其变形行为及组织的影响

根据热锻工艺温度-时间特征,利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对H13钢进行高温压缩试验,在变形温度为800~1 100℃,变形速率为0.1~10s-1条件下获得真应力-真应变曲线。试验结果表明:压缩过程中,外力做功会导致样品温度升高,温升幅度随变形速率的增加而增大,在较低温度下变形时温升更为显著,这部分温升有利于促进动态再结晶的软化过程。由此导致900℃以下变形的试样在更小应变下就可发生再结晶,其峰值应力不会随变形速率升高而增大,甚至略微降低,呈现出较好塑性。相同变形温度下,变形后的晶粒尺寸随温升幅度的增加而增大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

正~~     

Zinc Production by Province in 2014

正~~     

80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.