足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点抗震性能试验研究

通过10个不同连接构造的足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点的试验,研究了标准栓焊连接节点、标准全焊连接节点、梁翼缘加强型节点、梁翼缘局部削弱型节点以及梁贯通型节点在梁端往复荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏形态、承载力和塑性变形能力等抗震性能。试验结果表明,梁翼缘局部切割削弱和梁翼缘加盖板节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.03,梁贯通型节点、梁下翼缘加腋节点和梁翼缘打孔节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.02,其余类型节点的都小于0.02。对实测的梁翼缘和腹板的应力分布的分析表明,梁根部翼缘处于三向应力状态,是其脆性断裂破坏的原因之一。建议钢框架梁柱连接优先采用梁翼缘加梯形盖板节点和梁下翼缘加腋节点。     

Internal flange stiffened moment connections with low-damage capability under seismic loading

This study presents the seismic performance of steel moment connections using internal flange stiffeners (IFSs) welded at the face of the wide-flange column and inner side of the beam flange. The objective is to develop a steel moment connection that can achieve good seismic performance with low-damage capability during a large earthquake loading and minimize the repair cost. Four large-scale moment connections were tested to validate the cyclic performance. One connection which represented a welded-unreinforced flange-bolted web connection failed before finishing cyclic tests at a drift of 4%. Three IFS moment connections showed excellent performance and low damage after experiencing the AISC seismic load twice up to the target drift of 4%, without strength reduction. The specimens were also modeled using the computer program ABAQUS to further verify the effectiveness of the IFS in transferring beam moment to the column and to investigate potential sources of connection failure.     

未补强焊接梁柱接头之应用于箱形柱

探讨钢结构特殊弯矩构架梁柱接头的耐震行为,梁柱接头采用未补强焊接梁柱接头,特点在于厚梁翼板、箱形柱断面、且焊接扇形孔采用美国AWS的建议,以盼能提供良好的韧性行为。以试验方法进行两组实尺寸试体的试验,梁柱子结构承受反复载重。试验结果显示,两组试体皆可达4%弧度层间变位角,梁发展塑性弯矩强度;破坏肇因于梁翼全渗透焊道裂缝造成的撕裂。研究成果提供预审合格梁柱接头更广泛的实务应用。     

方钢管柱-H形梁栓焊混合连接节点抗连续性倒塌性能试验研究

以2个方钢管柱-H形梁内隔板式刚性连接节点试件为研究对象,采用双半跨单柱型梁柱子结构,通过静力加载试验研究梁柱节点在中柱失效的连续性倒塌条件下的力学性能。试件梁柱节点采用栓焊混合连接方式,2个试件的腹板分别采用不同的螺栓排列形式。结果表明,试件的破坏均出现在节点区,发生于梁弦转角达到0.06 rad之后。最不利梁截面破坏时,首先发生下翼缘断裂,采用螺栓单列布置的试件发生下排螺栓孔壁局部承压与冲剪顺序破坏,而采用螺栓双列布置的试件发生剪切板内列螺孔处净截面开裂。梁柱子结构在加载前期主要通过受弯机制提供竖向抗力,在加载后期逐渐转变为依靠悬索机制抵抗上部荷载,且悬索机制最终可提供的竖向抗力高于前期受弯机制提供的竖向抗力。与梁柱节点采用腹板螺栓中部集中布置形式相比,腹板螺栓沿梁高度分散布置更利于梁翼缘开裂后剩余截面发展轴向拉力,可提高悬索机制竖向抗力与节点鲁棒性。     

Collapse resistance of unreinforced steel moment connections

Experimental and analytical studies of steel moment connections in gravity load resisting systems were conducted to understand the connection behaviour under progressive collapse. An exterior beam–column assemblage was selected from the gravity load resisting system in a steel building. Two identical, full‐scale, unreinforced welded steel beam‐to‐column moment connection specimens were tested under monotonic and cyclic loading to investigate the effects of applied loading conditions on the connection rotation capacity. The beam web was connected to the column flange by bolting and the beam flanges were complete joint penetration welded to the column flange. The specimens failed by fracture in the beam flange CJP weld at story drifts of 9.2 % (specimen SP1 under monotonic loading) and 3.4% (specimen SP2 under cyclic loading). The maximum drift angle achieved in the monotonic test exceeded the General Service Administration criterion for welded unreinforced flange connections, and the amount of dissipated energy of SP1 turned out to be smaller than that of SP2. The finite element analysis of the test specimen was also conducted to validate the test results, and the analysis results matched well with those obtained from experiments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental investigation of beam-to-column connection with SHN490 steel under cyclic loading

Seismic performance of beam-to-column connections used in the middle-low rise buildings was investigated through the cyclic loading test. Four joint specimens were prepared in accordance with the variables of material and connection type. In two cases of welded connection, the brittle fracture in weld did not occur but cracked at heat-affected zone (HAZ) and/or near weld access hole. In the connections with extended end-plate, punching failure followed by end-plate failure occurred at the flange of column around bolt head. The moment capacities based on failure modes were calculated and compared with the test results. The connections were classified as rigid, semi-rigid, flexible in terms of bending stiffness and strength.

     

梁柱连接计算方法的演变

本文回顾了钢框架梁柱刚性连接计算方法国内外的发展情况,介绍了我国沿用至今的常用设计法和存在的问题,系统介绍了日本1998年提出的新思路和新方法,也介绍了日本2001年对此法的修改和简化说明。此法概念清晰,安全可靠。计算表明,它应用简便,极具实用价值。     

钢框架梁柱节点恢复力模型的研究

为了研究高层钢结构梁柱节点的抗震性能 ,对钢框架节点在低周反复荷载作用下的性能进行了足尺模型试验研究。在试验研究的基础上 ,考虑了节点延性、耗能性能和强度、刚度退化等影响 ,建立了钢框架梁柱节点的恢复力模型 ,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。建立的模型对高层钢结构的抗震设计具有较好的参考价值     

钢框架梁柱节点恢复力模型的研究

为了研究高层钢结构梁柱节点的抗震性能,对钢框架节点在低周反复荷载作用下的性能进行了足尺模型试验研究.在试验研究的基础上,考虑了节点延性、耗能性能和强度、刚度退化等影响,建立了钢框架梁柱节点的恢复力模型,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好.建立的模型对高层钢结构的抗震设计具有较好的参考价值.     

梁柱连接计算方法的改进

回顾了钢框架梁柱刚性连接计算方法在国内外的发展情况,介绍了我国沿用至今的常用设计法和存在的问题,系统介绍了日本1998年提出的新思路和新方法,也介绍了日本2001年对此法的修改和简化说明。此法概念清晰,安全可靠。计算表明,该方法应用简便,极具实用价值。     

钢结构梁柱梁翼内侧加劲板补强接头耐震试验及有限元素分析

本研究主要探讨钢结构梁柱补强接头之耐震行为,补强接头的主要方式是采取避免破坏既存建筑物楼板且不会减低楼层净高度要求下,在钢梁翼板内侧与箱形柱间焊加劲板增加梁端近柱面之弯矩强度。为证明此补强接头之耐震行为,共进行六组大尺寸之梁柱接头试验,其中一组为传统未补强之梁柱接头,另外五组为梁翼内侧加劲板补强接头,未补强之梁柱接头及一组补强接头之梁柱焊接工作于1996年前工地现场完成后,于2006年由既存34层大楼切除后运至实验室进行试验,另四组梁柱补强接头之焊接工作均于2006年在实验室内完成。补强接头试体加劲板与梁翼及柱板接合均采用全渗透焊接,梁上下翼板之背垫板均未移除,亦未与柱面进行填角焊接。二组补强接头试体在实验时的韧性行为极佳,试体在历经第一次反复载重测试至超越美国规范AISC(2005)规定之4%弧度层间侧位移角的要求下,并未发生梁柱接头焊道断裂及强度递减的情形。因此将此二组试体分别进行第二次AISC(2005)反复载重测试,在历经第二次反复载重测试至4%弧度的层间侧位移角时,发生较明显之梁挫屈及强度递减,但梁柱界面焊道未断裂。而另外三组补强接头因梁翼板内侧加劲板所提供的劲度及强度不足,与未补强之梁柱接头试体同样在未能达到AISC(2005)所订定之4%弧度层间侧位移角前而发生破坏。本研究并利用非线性有限元素分析程序ABAQUS(2003)仿真梁柱接头试体,以进一步了解梁翼板内侧加劲板传递梁弯矩的贡献,和可能发生接头破坏的区域。根据实验及有限元素分析结果提出设计方法及范例供工程师补强既有钢结构梁柱接头参考。     

腹板双角钢梁柱连接循环荷载试验研究

为了研究腹板双角钢梁柱连接的抗震性能,对四个连接试件进行了梁端循环位移加载试验。试验中考察了角钢高度、角钢与柱翼缘连接高强螺栓的直径和排列布置对连接的承载能力、滞回性能和破坏机理的影响,分析了这种连接的破坏模式和变形能力。试验结果表明:连接在循环荷载作用下表现出良好的延性,转角均超过0.04rad,连接的最终破坏均为角钢的塑性撕裂破坏;连接具有相当的抗弯能力,在结构分析中,须考虑节点抗弯强度对框架性能的影响,不能简单作为铰接处理;增大角钢的高度,能提高连接的强度;增大螺栓间距,减小螺栓直径,能提高连接的延性。最后,根据试验结果提出设计施工建议。     

扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为之影响

扇形焊接开孔为进行梁翼板全渗透开槽焊接时所需之工作孔。然而,实尺寸梁柱接头试验证实,传统梁腹板锁螺栓及梁翼板全渗透焊接之钢构造梁柱接头,常于扇形开孔处发生突然性之脆性破坏。本研究采用非线性有限元素分析方法,探讨扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为上之影响,包括扇形开孔几何形状对接头区力学行为之影响。分析结果显示,平顺接至梁翼板之扇形开孔能将最大塑性应变之发生位置移离扇形开孔根部,减少因几何形状不连续所造成之应力集中现象,降低局部区域之韧性需求;无扇形开孔之梁柱接头可避免有扇形开孔之缺陷,大幅的改善梁柱接头之韧性行为。     

高强度钢框架梁柱节点低周疲劳断裂性能试验研究

高强度钢结构节点的低周疲劳断裂性能是影响其抗震性能的关键因素,对于高强度钢结构的抗震设计及其在抗震区的推广应用至关重要。为研究受强震作用高强度钢结构节点的低周疲劳断裂性能,完成了4个高强钢框架栓-焊混接梁柱节点足尺试件的低周疲劳往复加载试验,包括2种不同的焊接孔形式和4种焊接工艺,测得各试件的断裂失效模态及承载性能。基于试验结果,分析了焊接工艺细节及焊接孔形式、钢材强度对高强钢框架梁柱节点断裂性能的影响,研究了这类节点的断裂失效机制。结果表明：当采用有效的构造改进措施,且翼缘焊缝质量得以保证时,高强度钢框架梁柱节点破坏前能承受较大的塑性变形,断裂性能良好。     

地震下可恢复框架结构冷弯型钢构件试验研究

对地震时作为多层建筑抗弯钢架能量耗散构件的薄壁冷弯型钢(CFS)进行了试验研究。试验采用6个螺栓连接的梁-柱节点,在连接区域的板件和梁的翼缘上使用不同的出平面加劲肋。CFS连接件的滞后性能表明其具有较高的耗能能力和足够的延性,满足抗震设计规范的要求。在连接区域的钢梁内使用出平面加劲肋,能够提高连接件的弯矩-转角特性,强度提高35%,延性提高75%。弹性周期后连接件的滑动使其具有较好的滞回性能,能量耗散能力提高了240%。连接件试样可以作为刚性连接,其全部或部分强度取决于连接加劲肋。     

钢构造梁扩翼接头之耐震行为

传统抗弯构架之梁柱接头梁腹板以螺栓接合而梁翼板以全渗透焊接于柱,在北岭及阪神地震的侵袭下,梁柱接头处发生严重脆性破坏。本研究针对钢梁连接H型钢柱之接头,以扩大接头处梁翼板宽度之改良方式,改善扇形开孔处与梁翼全渗透焊道之应力集中现象。藉由参数研究确立各设计参数,制作六组实尺寸试体进行试验。试验结果显示,扩翼式梁柱接头试体可降低梁柱接头处发生脆性破坏之可能,而皆可产生塑性铰,提供优良且稳定之弯矩强度及韧性能力。     

高韧性钢骨梁柱接头

钢骨结构一向被认为具有良好的耐震韧性．因此广为使用于世界各地的建筑结构中,高层建筑更是大量采用钢骨结构。但美国北岭（Northridge）地震首次曝露钢骨建筑结构梁柱接头大量破坏之现象,引起各界震惊,甚至造成社会恐慌。日本阪神地震亦发现大量钢骨梁柱接头脆性断裂。由实际发生之地震显示,梁柱接头无论是采用工地焊接或是于工厂内焊接均无法保证其梁端之塑性转角能达到结构抗震之需求,且美式之腹板栓接－翼板焊接之梁柱接头,或日式之工厂焊接－工地栓接之托梁式设计皆已不符现行设计法规之规定。本文除介绍钢骨梁柱接头断裂之原因外．并说明高韧性钢骨梁柱接头的设计原理,此种高韧性接头不仅设计简单施工容易且造价低廉,而其塑性转角更可达4％以上,有助于确保钢骨结构的耐震韧性。     

Application of fire-resistant steel to beam-to-column moment connections at elevated temperatures

This paper presents a new method of using fire-resistant steel to improve the fire-resistance of beam-to-column moment connections in steel structures. Two full-scale beam-to-column moment connection specimens were tested at elevated temperatures according to the standard ISO-834 fire to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. In addition, a detailed 3-D finite element model was developed to simulate the structural behavior of the column-tree moment connection specimens in fire. The fire test results show that the proposed method can effectively extend the fire endurance time, reduce structural deformation, and raise the critical temperature to failure for the beam-to-column moment connections. The numerical results obtained from the 3-D finite element analyses for the two specimens successfully simulated the fire test results.     

高温下耐火钢材梁柱抗弯连接的应用

介绍了使用耐火钢材的一个新方法,以提高钢结构中梁柱抗弯连接的耐火性。按照ISO-834标准,对两个足尺梁柱抗弯连接构件在高温条件下进行试验,以验证该方法的可行性。此外,采用一个详尽的三维有限元模型模拟梁柱抗弯连接在火中的结构性能。耐火试验结果表明:该方法可以有效延长构件的耐火时间,减小结构变形,同时提高梁柱抗弯连接破坏时的临界温度。三维有限元分析得到的数值结果也与试验结果具有很好的一致性。     

Effect of the moment transfer efficiency of a beam web on deformation capacity at box column-to-H beam connections

This paper investigates the effect of moment transfer efficiency of a beam web on deformation capacity at beam-to-column connections. Non-linear finite element analysis of five connection models was conducted. Analytical results showed that the moment transfer efficiency of the connection with a box column was poor when compared to a connection with an H-column; this was due to the out-of-plane deformation of the column flange. Based on previous test data, analytical results were compared with experimental results. Analytical and experimental results showed that the deformation capacity of the connection with a box column decreased due to the poor moment transfer efficiency of a beam web, followed by strain concentration at the beam flange.