半刚接钢框架柱的稳定分析方法

根据钢框架稳定设计中柱子计算长度的概念,研究了钢框架中梁柱节点半刚性连接柱的计算长度系数取值问题,采用螺旋弹簧模拟梁柱节点连接的半刚性,考虑了梁柱间的相对转角关系,通过引入梁柱线刚度比修正系数的计算方法,推导了有侧移和无侧移半刚接钢框架柱计算长度系数的修正公式。研究结果表明:受节点半刚性影响,半刚接钢框架柱的计算长度系数比按刚接考虑的计算长度系数要大,约增大2%～6%;框架柱除底层外,其上下两端与横梁的连接基本是半刚接的形式,按横梁有侧移考虑,柱的计算长度系数比柱两端按刚性节点计算出的计算长度系数值增大了4%左右。由此可见,在钢框架的稳定分析和设计中,应考虑由于梁柱节点采用半刚接的连接形式,对框架柱的稳定性产生的不利影响。     

半刚性连接组合梁框架足尺模型模拟地震振动台试验

为了研究半刚性连接组合梁框架在地震作用下动力特性以及破坏模式,为半刚性框架抗震设计及在地震区的使用提供依据,进行了1个足尺半刚性连接组合梁框架结构模型振动台试验研究。通过试验,分析了小震、中震和大震作用下半刚性连接组合梁框架结构的动力特性、位移反应、加速度反应、半刚性组合节点内力反应、结构破坏模式。研究结果表明:半刚性连接组合梁框架具有较好的抗震性能,在罕遇地震作用下(1.20g),整体结构仍然没有明显损坏,结构破坏形式为半刚性组合节点和柱脚处产生较大塑性变形,半刚性连接框架结构完全可以在高抗震设防烈度地区使用。对试验框架建立有限元分析模型,进行结构的非线性动力时程分析,计算结果与试验结果较为接近。     

矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁半刚性节点的抗震性能试验研究

本文进行了两种矩形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁半刚性连接节点———加劲端板(SEP)连接节点与双T板(DST)连接节点在柱端低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,目的在于了解这两类节点在不同轴压比下的滞回性能、强度与刚度退化、延性与破坏机制。并与常规焊接翼缘板(WFP)连接节点作了比较。结果表明:不同轴压比对节点转动有一定的影响,加劲端板(SEP)连接节点与双T板(DST)连接节点具有良好的转动延性与耗能能力。     

半刚性连接钢框架-钢板剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究

通过对半刚性连接框架-钢板剪力墙结构在水平反复荷载作用下的试验研究,得到了结构的滞回曲线、延性指标、水平刚度、梁柱应变、转角及各关键部位的变形。从耗能能力、刚度退化、承载力、延性等方面分析该种结构的抗震性能和耗能机理;依据应力分布、梁柱转角研究半刚性节点与钢板剪力墙的相互影响效果;分析结构的内力转换和破坏模式。结果表明：该结构具有良好的延性和耗能性能;半刚性节点在反复荷载作用下没有明显变形,节点刚度退化小,框架和钢板剪力墙协同工作良好;梁柱半刚性连接弱化了结构的整体刚度,框架自身承担的水平荷载有限;破坏模式为内填钢板剪力墙局部撕裂,拉力带作用明显,钢框架柱脚及梁柱半刚性连接部位形成塑性铰,框架整体呈弯曲破坏模式。图12表4参10     

角钢连接的半刚性钢框架抗震性能试验研究

在实际工程中,钢框架连接性能往往介于刚性节点和铰接节点之间,呈半刚性连接。采用拟静力试验方法进行了角钢连接的半刚性连接钢框架在低周往复荷载作用下抗震性能的试验,研究了带腹板双角钢、顶底角钢半刚性连接钢框架在周期循环荷载作用下的滞回性能、延性和破坏机理等,为钢结构抗震设计提供了一定的理论参考。试验结果表明该钢框架由于节点部位转动刚度小于刚性连接,使结构的抗侧刚度降低,侧向变形增加,但是同时也改善了梁柱的内力分布,提高了其在周期循环荷载作用下的滞回性能和耗能特性,比刚性连接钢框架具有更好的抗震性能。     

A practical design method for semi-rigid composite frames under vertical loads

Although the benefits of semi-rigid connections and composite actions of slabs are extensively documented in the design of steel frames, they are not widely used in practice. The primary cause is the lack of appropriate practical design methods. In this paper, a practical method suitable for the design of semi-rigid composite frames under vertical loads is proposed. The proposed method provides the design of the connections, beams and columns for semi-rigid composite frames at the ultimate and serviceability limit states. The rotational stiffness of beam-to-column connections for calculating the deflection of the frame beams and the effective length factor of columns are also determined. In addition, the accuracy of the proposed design method is verified by a pair of tests carried out on full-scale semi-rigid composite frames. Moreover, a design example is proposed to demonstrate the application of the proposed design method. It is shown that the proposed design method not only takes into account the actual behavior of the beam-to-column connections and its influence on the behavior of the overall structures, but is also simple and convenient for a designer to use in engineering practice.     

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构性能研究

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构弥补了传统抗弯钢框架侧向刚度不足的缺点,为采用更加经济的半刚性节点提供了可能。为研究不同梁柱连接刚度对双体系结构抗震性能的影响,完成了3个单跨两层不同梁柱连接刚度试件的水平低周往复加载试验研究,系统分析了三者的整体性能和破坏模态,拟从承载力、刚度、延性、耗能、整体性能和节点性能六个方面对双体系的节点刚度与墙体的匹配效果进行评价。结果表明:在半刚性框架内设置钢板墙能较大程度提高结构的极限承载力与侧向刚度;结构具有理想的屈服顺序,内填板在加载初期非常有效。屈服区域延伸至整个墙体时,附加荷载将基本上由边缘构件承担,试件破坏主要由内填板的屈服和框架柱的弯扭失稳控制;节点刚度退化小,且内填板的设置缓解了节点区自身的延性要求,梁柱连接形式对试件的抗侧刚度和整体强度的影响不大,降低连接刚度有利于提高试件延性和耗能能力。     

Free vibrations of steel mill buildings

The vibration characteristics of steel mill buildings designed according to standard specifications are investigated. The dynamic stiffness influence coefficient method is used in deriving a simple, yet rigorous, method of extraction of the first few planar horizontal and vertical natural frequencies and modal shapes. The advantage of this method is that the final system matrix is only of rank two. The finite element method is also used for the complete three-dimensional representation of a typical steel mill building with an overhead crane at two different positions. In all cases, the representation of real structures by idealized mathematical models is meticulously performed in order to ensure that all salient structural features are correctly included. It is concluded that the two-dimensional representations yield natural frequencies and modal shapes that are in good agreement with the corresponding ones obtained from complete three-dimensional representations.     

半刚性连接节点刚度对门式刚架结构弹性分析影响研究

传统的分析和设计方法都将梁柱连接节点处理成理想的刚接或铰接,然而实际工程中的连接节点的受力性能总是介于这两者之间,属于半刚性连接。本文研究半刚性连接的节点转动刚度对门式刚架内力分布和结构位移的影响,并得到了一些有益结论。     

Effect of joint stiffness on the stability of cable-braced grid shells

Bolted joints used in cable-braced grid shells are typically semi-rigid joints, and the joint stiffness has a significant effect on the stability of cable-braced grid shells. The effect of joint stiffness on the stability of cable-braced grid shells is studied in this paper. Based on the experimental results of improved bolted joints, finite element models of elliptic paraboloid cable-braced grid shells with bolted joints are established, and spring elements are used to simulate the joint stiffness. The effect of the joint stiffness on the nonlinear buckling load is studied by changing the joint stiffness. The main conclusions are as follows. First, the joint rotational stiffness has a significant effect on the failure mode. When the joint rotational stiffness is small to a certain extent, the failure mode of cable-braced grid shells changes from overall buckling to local buckling. Second, the nonlinear failure mode is similar to the first-order eigenvalue buckling mode and the maximal compression stress distribution. The structural integrity is weakened, and the maximal steel tube compression stress decreases with the decrease of the joint rotational stiffness. The smaller the joint rotational stiffness, the lower the utilization rate of steel strength. The results suggest that the joint stiffness of elliptic paraboloid cable-braced grid shells should not be less than 20% of the rigid joint stiffness.     

任意半刚性连接空间梁单元的显式刚度

基于半刚性连接钢框架结构的基本假定，经过严格的数学推导进一步给出了半刚性连接空间梁单元的刚度矩阵和固端等效结点荷载的显式形式．各单元的连接刚度均由一组介于0～1之间的无量纲刚度因子表示，当这些因子取不同数值时，模型将分别退化为理想铰接结构和完全刚性连接的空间刚架，并可方便地分析任意连接的混合杆系结构(如空间受弯构件与轴向受力构件的组合结构)而无须增加任何计算工作量．通过算例证明了该模型的正确性．     

Elastic buckling load of multi-story frames consisting of Timoshenko members

The objective of this paper is to propose a method for the evaluation of the elastic critical buckling load of columns in frames consisting of members susceptible to non-negligible shear deformations, such as built-up members in steel frames, based on Engesser's approach. To that effect, a stability matrix is proposed and three general stability equations are derived for the cases of unbraced, partially braced and braced frames. Indicative graphic interpretation of the solutions for the stability equations of the braced and unbraced cases is shown. Slope-deflection equations for shear-weak members with semi-rigid connections are also derived and used for the presentation of a complete set of rotational stiffness coefficients, which are then used for the replacement of members converging at the bottom and top ends of the column in question by equivalent springs. All possible rotational and translational boundary conditions at the far end of these members, as well as the eventual presence of axial force, are considered. Five examples are presented, dealing with braced, unbraced and partially braced frames, with rigid and semi-rigid beam to column connections, loaded with concentrated or uniformly distributed loads, in a symmetrical or non-symmetrical pattern. In all cases the proposed approach is in excellent agreement with finite element results.     

节点柔度对半刚性连接钢框架动力性能影响研究

采用ANSYS进行数值模拟分析,建立了具有不同节点初始刚度的多层钢框架及相应刚性连接框架的计算模型,分析了节点刚度对结构自振频率的影响。进一步对结构进行了时程分析,研究了在地震波激励下结构顶点位移和柱底剪力随节点刚度的变化规律。     

基于拟力法的框架结构静力弹塑性分析

针对拟力法仅在刚性连接钢框架中应用的现状,根据钢筋混凝土框架以及半刚性连接钢框架的受力特点,并基于拟力法的基本假定与思路,得出了钢筋混凝土结构中塑性铰和半刚性连接钢框架中连接的弯矩-相对转角关系,从而推导并获得了拟力法在框架结构静力弹塑性分析中的通用公式。通过与有限元理论计算结果的比较,表明基于拟力法的框架结构静力弹塑性分析方法在应用于各类框架结构时都有着较高的精度,从而为将基于拟力法的动力弹塑性分析包括地震能量分析拓展到钢筋混凝土框架结构以及半刚性连接钢框架结构中奠定了基础。     

基于有侧移半刚性连接框架理论的无支撑模板支架稳定承载力分析及试验研究

在考虑节点半刚性性质的基础上,利用有侧移三层柱的框架模型推导有侧移半刚性连接钢框架中柱的计算长度系数方程,并将这一方法引入无支撑扣件式模板支架稳定承载力计算中,将模板支架的整体稳定简化成立杆的稳定,进而得到无支撑扣件式模板支架的理论稳定承载力。利用ANSYS软件,考虑直角扣件的半刚性性质,建立了6组不同搭设情况下无支撑扣件式模板支架的有限元模型,对其稳定承载力及失稳情况进行分析。对照有限元模型的搭设情况,对模板支架进行试验研究,得到相应的稳定承载力,试验结果与有限元结果基本吻合。将理论计算结果与试验及有限元分析结果进行对比可知,在其他搭设参数相同的情况下,模板支架的整体稳定承载力随步距、立杆间距的减少而提高,而且理论计算结果更加偏于安全,进一步说明有侧移半刚性连接框架理论在无支撑扣件式模板支架稳定承载力计算中的可行性及适用性,并可以考虑将此理论应用到规范中,为今后对扣件式模板支架稳定承载力的进一步分析及研究提供理论参考。     

RCS梁柱节点半刚性连接弯矩-转角关系模型研究

梁柱节点作为RCS结构中的重要组成部分,其受力情况较为复杂,在地震作用下容易发生损伤。通过对RCS梁柱组合件抗震性能试验研究发现,该种梁柱节点连接并非是理想的刚性连接,而是一种半刚性连接。为了明确该种半刚性连接的受力及转动特性,系统探讨了柱面钢板厚度,钢梁高度、翼缘宽厚比、柱混凝土强度和楼板厚度等构造措施参数对该种半刚性连接在循环荷载下抗弯承载力以及初始转动刚度的影响。同时,基于参数分析和灵敏度计算结果,提出描述该种半刚性连接的弯矩-转角关系四折线模型。该模型计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,可以为基于半刚性连接的RCS组合结构设计提供参考。     

Dynamic investigation of a two story-two span frame including semi-rigid Khorjini connections

In this paper, the free vibration analysis and determination of dynamic parameters of a two story-two span frame is investigated. The frame is consisted of two continuous beams and three columns, in which the middle connections of the continuous beams to the column are provided by means of semi-rigid Khorjini connections. The individual members of the frame are assumed to be governed by the transverse vibration theory of an Euler-Bernoulli beam and the semi-rigid Khorjini connections are modeled employing rotational springs. First of all, a closed-form solution is proposed and then, a numerical analysis is performed for some comparison and validation purposes. At the closed-form solution, some differential equations must be solved, and several boundary conditions should be satisfied. Herein, 40 boundary conditions should be provided. Afterward, the eigenvalues of the frame are obtained. These eigenvalues are also obtained using finite element method as a numerical analysis and it is observed that the results obtained by this approach are completely identical with the result of closed-form solution. Also, the eigenvalues and mode shapes of the frame for different values of the semi-rigid Khorjini connections stiffnesses are obtained and some comparisons are made.     

半刚性连接钢管混凝土高层框剪结构的受力研究

随着高层建筑的逐渐加高,结构的抗震性要求也越来越高。钢管混凝土框剪结构以其很好的抗震性能被广泛应用于高层框剪结构中。本文以有限元分析软件SAP2000建立半刚性钢管混凝土框剪结构的有限元模型,对比分析了梁柱为刚接、铰接、半刚性连接时对钢管混凝土框剪结构的周期、位移、内力的影响。结果表明:半刚性连接使结构的自振周期变大,随着振型的增大半刚性连接对自振周期的影响越来越小;半刚性连接使得框架的剪力有所减小。半刚性连接减少了钢管框架的层间抗推刚度,使得结构的水平位移加大。     

Finite element model calibration of steel frame buildings with and without brace

This paper focuses on both the monitoring of the dynamic response of steel buildings with and without brace elements and the importance of model calibration on the steel buildings. The study involves the application of modal testing techniques to collect data from a three-story steel frame building model tested at the Civil Engineering Department of Karadeniz Technical University. The experimental measurements are performed under randomly generated loads. Dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal damping ratios) obtained from bare and braced steel frame models are compared with each other. The initial analytical models of the steel model for bare and braced cases are developed and calibrated according to the experimental measurement results. The calibration process aims to minimize the differences between experimental and analytical natural frequencies. The connection rigidities of the beam-to-column are selected as a calibrating parameter in the model calibration process. It is observed that the brace elements cause an increase in the natural frequencies due to the increasing stiffness as well as the changes in the modal behavior. Static analyses of the steel frame model for bare and braced cases are carried out to emphasize the importance of the model calibration by comparing maximum lateral displacements. The calibrated analytical models produce larger lateral displacements than the initial models. The results reveal that the dynamic behavior of steel structures should be evaluated considering the calibrated models for safety of these structures.     

塔式起重机的振动模态分析

振动是工程结构的一种常见现象,模态分析就是确定结构的振动特性,它也是其它动力学分析的基础。利用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对广泛应用于工程中的某型塔式起重机的振动频率和振型进行分析计算,为研究该型塔式起重机其它的动力响应提供依据。