Na3＋xZ2—xYbxSi2PO12系统的相关系电导和结晶化学

研究了 Na_(3 x)Zr_(2-x)Yb_xSi_2PO_(12)系统的相关系和电导。此系统形成有结构连续转变的固溶体,在 x=0.5和 x=0.8时分别完成从单斜至三方和从三方至四方的结构转变。电导率开始随 x 的增加而缓慢降低,至 x=0.8后剧烈下降。比较了 Na_(3 x)Zr_(2-x)Yb_xSi_2PO_(12)与 Na_3Zr_(2-x)Yb_xSi_(2-x)P_(1 x)O_(12)以及 Na_(3 x)Zr_2Si_(2 x)P_(1-x)O_(12)系统,讨论了在此类系统中影响钠离子迁移的结晶化学因素。     

Li_(1+x)Ti_(2-x)Cr_xP_3O_(12)系统的相关系与电性

研究了 Li_(1+x)Ti_(2-x)Cr_xP_3O_(12)系统的相组成与电性的关系。结果表明,Cr~(3+)能取代 LiTi_2P_3O_(12)中的Ti~(4+)生成固溶体,直至 x=0.8。在固溶体范围内,电导率随 x 的增加不断升高,至 x=0.8时达到极大。此时在室温和300℃的电导率分别为2.4×10~(-4)和4.8×10~(-2)S/cm,电子迁移数在10~(-4)数量级,分解电压为1.8V。对所得结果从结晶化学角度进行了讨论。     

(Sm_(1-x)La_x)_2Ce_2O_7(0<x<1)固溶体的热物理性能

以La_2O_3、Sm_2O_3和CeO_2为原料,采用高温固相反应法制备了(Sm_(1-x)La_x)_2Ce_2O_7(0x1)系列固溶体。并对其相结构、显微组织、元素组成、热物理性能进行了研究。X射线衍射分析表明,所合成的(Sm_(1-x)La_x)_2Ce_2O_7(0x1)系列固溶体具有典型的单一缺陷萤石型结构。扫描电镜分析表明,其显微组织十分致密,相对致密度92%,且各元素摩尔比与其化学式比较接近。其热导率随着La_2O_3掺杂量的增加而降低,并明显低于Y_2O_3部分稳定ZrO_2的热导率。其在1 000℃时的热膨胀系数处于11.83×10~(-6)/K至12.86×10~(-6)/K之间,明显高于YSZ的9×10~(-6)/K。该系列固溶体良好的热物理性能,表明其有潜力用作新型热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料。     

Mg掺杂对Gd_2Ce_2O_7热导率的影响

以Gd_2O_3、MgO和Ce(NO_3).6H_2O为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备了(Gd_(1-x)Mg_x)_2Ce_2O_(7-x/2)固溶体。用X射线衍射法分析了固溶体的相组成,用扫描电镜观察了其致密块体样品的显微组织,用激光脉冲法测试了固溶体的热扩散系数。结果表明,成功制备了纯净的具有萤石结构的(Gd_(1-x)Mg_x)_2Ce_2O_(7-x/2)固溶体,其致密块体结构致密,晶界清晰,较多的氧空位使(Gd_(0.95)Mg_(0.05))_2Ce_2O_(6.95)具有最低的热导率,(Gd_(1-x)Mg_x)_2Ce_2O_(7-x/2)固溶体有潜力用作热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料。     

纳米Cr_2O_3粉体的制备及表征

以Cr(NO_3)_3·9H_2O、氨水和乙醇为原料,采用沉淀法在不同温度下合成了纳米Cr_2O_3粉体,并运用场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射、热重-动态差热分析、红外光谱等手段对粉体进行表征。结果表明,Cr(OH)_3在450℃已经生成Cr_2O_3,经过800℃煅烧30min可获得平均粒径为70～100nm的Cr_2O_3粉体。     

微波水热法合成纳米BaTiO3粉体的掺杂改性与性能研究

以正钛酸四正丁酯(C_(16)H_(36)O_4Ti)、Ba(OH)_2·8H_2O、NbCl_5和NaOH试剂为原料,利用微波水热法,制备了不同含量Nb掺杂的纳米BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.06)粉体。然后,将纳米BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3粉体压制成形并进行烧结处理,获得了不同含量Nb掺杂的BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对纳米BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3粉体的物相结构、表面形貌和晶粒尺寸进行分析,采用振动磁强计对BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷的烧结密度和磁性能进行分析。XRD和拉曼光谱分析表明,不同含量Nb掺杂的纳米BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3(x=0,0.03,0.06)粉体具有四方特性;SEM形貌分析表明,纳米BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3(x=0,0.03,0.06)粉体由粒径极细、分散性良好的球形颗粒组成,随着Nb含量的增加,粉体的颗粒尺寸也不断增加,其平均粒径分别约为60,90和120 nm;烧结密度研究表明,随着Nb含量的增加,BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷的烧结密度不断增大,当Nb含量为0.06时,BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷的烧结密度达到最大;磁性能分析表明,当Nb掺杂量为0.03时,BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷的剩余磁化强度最大(8.235μC/cm~2),且其矫顽力(5.762 kV/cm)与不掺杂Nb的BaTiO_3陶瓷(5.556 kV/cm)相差不大。因此,Nb掺杂量为0.03时,BaTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3压电陶瓷的压电性能最优。     

新型含Bi电解质材料的水热合成,结构特征与输运性质的研究

新型含Bi固溶体电解质材料常常具有非常高的离子电导率,在燃料电池,氧泵,氧传感器等方面显示出极高的应用价值.本课题组在新型含Bi电解质材料的水热合成和物理性质等研究方面做了大量的尝试性工作并取得了某些重要进展.本文将主要概述近年来本课题组在电解质材料,(CeO2)1-x(BiO1.5)x9 Ce1-xMxBi0.4O2.6-x(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)和Bi17V3O33的结构特征与物理性质等方面的研究成果.     

Gd微量掺杂对Sm_2Ce_2O_7热物理性能的影响

以Gd_2O_3、Sm_2O_3和CeO_2为原材料,采用固相反应法制备了(Sm_(1-x)Gd_x)_2Ce_2O_7固溶体。对其相结构、显微组织和热物理性能进行了研究。结果表明,成功制备了具有单一萤石结构的(Sm_(1-x)Gd_x)_2Ce_2O_7固溶体;该系列固溶体显微组织致密,晶界清晰,其热导率随Gd~(3+)掺杂量先降低后增大,热膨胀系数均随着Gd~(3+)掺杂量的增加而降低。该系列固溶体有潜力用作新型热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料。     

纳米xCuFe2O4·(1-x)Fe3O4固溶体的制备与表征

合成了4种不同铜含量的间苯二甲酰二茂铁二乙酰腙配位聚合物(PFZCu),然后在高温(600～800℃)热解制得粒径为10～25nm的固溶体xCuFe2O4·(1-x)Fe3O4(0相似文献   

LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3-x)Mn_(1/3)Cr_xO_2粉体的类共沉淀制备及其电化学性能

采用一步类共沉淀法合成了LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3-x)Mn_(1/3)Cr_xO_2粉体(x=0.01、0.03、0.05、0.07、0.10、0.15),通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线能谱(EDS)、扫描电镜(SEM)及循环伏安(CV)对制备的粉体进行了表征,重点探究了Cr含量对掺杂粉体结构和电化学性能的影响。研究表明能够通过一步类共沉淀法制备化学计量的α-NaFeO_2层状结构LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3-x)Mn_(1/3)Cr_xO_2三元粉体材料,掺入适量的Cr可提高三元正极材料的放电比电容。当电压窗口在(0~1.4)V vs.SCE、扫描速度为5mV/s、电解液为1mol/L Li_2SO_4溶液时,x=0.03的LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3-x)Mn_(1/3)Cr_xO_2正极材料比电容可达到553F/g。     

Structural,Sintering and Electrical Properties of Cr-doped La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ（x=0.10,0.20） Oxides

The perovskite Cr-doped La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides were synthesized via the citrate gel method.The perovskite forming of the La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides were studied by thermogravimetric analysis(TG),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Structural and chemical stability under H 2-containing helium atmospheres of La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) were investigated by TG and XRD.The sintering microstructures of the perovskite La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) ceramics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the electrical conductivities of both oxide ceramics were also measured up to 900 C.The results demonstrated that the chemical stability of the Co-free La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides was significantly improved compared to the Co-containing La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ oxides.The incorporation of Cr cations in the B-site of the pervoskite oxides resulted in the improved structural and chemical stability of the as-synthesized La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides.     

Growth kinetic and characterization of Mg(x)Zn1-xO nanoneedles synthesized by thermal oxidation

Mg(x)Zn1-xO nanoneedles were synthesized on alumina substrate by using thermal oxidation technique under normal atmosphere. Zn powder and MgO powder were mixed and heated to form Mg(x)Zn1-xO with x content of 0-0.3 by mol at heating temperature and time of 400-1000 degrees C and 24 h. The morphology of Mg(x)Zn1-xO nanoneedle was characterized by filed emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). It was found that the needle-like nanostructures with the sharp ends were observed outward from microparticles at 400-800 degrees C. From EDS, XRD, and TEM analysis, it was suggested that Mg(x)Zn1-xO alloy was formed with no segregation of MgO in Mg(x)Zn1-xO alloy after thermal oxidation process. Also, from reflectance spectra, the Mg(x)Zn1-xO nanoneedle exhibited higher energy gap than that of ZnO films for entire Mg content indicating widening band gap energy due to alloying effect. Moreover, we have proposed the growth mechanism of Mg(x)Zn1-xO nanoneedles based on growth kinetic of nucleation formation. This growth model can be explored to explain nanostructure of other metal-oxide alloy prepared by thermal oxidation.     

MgZnO薄膜的制备及其光电特性

采用射频磁控溅射用x=0.00～0.45的MgxZn1-xO陶瓷靶在Si（100）和石英衬底上生长一系列的MgxZn1-xO薄膜。用XRD、XPS、透射谱和光电导谱对样品进行表征。结果表明用MgxZn1-xO薄膜在x≤0.325时具有单一（002）取向的六方结构,其禁带宽度Eg随x增加而增大,在薄膜表面入射光能量大于禁带宽度时有光电响应,并且在x=0.325时得到了禁带宽度为4.90eV的MgxZn1-xO薄膜。在x≥0.40时出现立方相结构,禁带宽度有所减小,说明此时已为混相薄膜。     

溶胶—凝胶法合成Li2＋xBxSi1—xO3及其离子导电性能的研究

用溶胶－凝胶法合成了Ｌｉ２＋ｘＢｘＳｉ１－ｘＯ３（ｘ＝０－０．５）,发现形成固溶体的范围是０〈ｘ≤０．２。对其离子导电性的研究发现,当ｘ＝０．３时出现电导率极大值。     

Magnesium content ratio effects of MgxZn1-xO seed layers on structural and optical properties of ZnO nanorods

ZnO nanorods were grown on MgxZn1-xO seed layers with different content ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3 by hydrothermal method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL) were carried out to investigate the effects of Mg content ratio for the MgxZn1-xO seed layers on the structural and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods. The surface morphology and structural properties of the MgxZn1-xO seed layers were changed by the Mg incorporation. However, the appearance, such as density, diameter, and shape, of the ZnO nanorods grown on the MgxZn1-xO seed layers was not changed significantly. The highest intensity ratio of the near-band-edge emission (NBE) to deep-level emission (DLE) and the narrowest full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the NBE peaks, indicating improvement in the crystallinity and luminescent properties of the ZnO crystals, were observed in the ZnO nanorods grown on the MgxZn1_xO seed layers with the content ratio of the 0.05.     

ZnxFe3-xO4的制备及磁性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备ZnxFe3-xO4铁氧体前驱体，前驱体经高温煅烧即可得到纳米ZnxFe3-xO4铁氧体粉未．利用XRD、SEM和VsM等对ZnxFe3-xO4铁氧体的结构和磁性能进行了研究．实验结果表明，采用本实验方法制备的ZnFe2O4铁氧体颗粒均匀，粒径大约100nm左右，并且颗粒之间团聚成规则的纺锤形结构；不同锌含量对铁氧体的结构和磁性能均有影响．     

溅射法生长 MgxZn1- xO薄膜的结构和光学特性

用射频磁控溅射法在不同衬底上制备出了MgxZn1-xO薄膜。X射线衍射(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究结果表明,薄膜为六角纤锌矿结构,具有(002)方向择优取向;随氧分压增加,(002)衍射峰的角度变大,表征薄膜表面粗糙程度的方均根粗糙度减小。室温光致发光谱中有多个紫外及可见光致发光峰,其中344nm发光峰应来源于近带边发射。室温透射谱表明薄膜在可见光区具有极高的透过率,薄膜的吸收边位于340nm附近,进而估算出Mg、Zn1-xO薄膜的带隙宽度为3．59eV,与光致发光结果一致。     

Structural,Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties of Sn-Doped BiFeO3: Experiment and DFT Analysis

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - The structural, magnetic, dielectric, and surface morphology of BiSnxFe1-xO3 (x?=?0.0 to 1.0) was analyzed experimentally. The samples...     

Mg掺杂对ZnO纳米纤维发光性能的影响

采用静电纺丝法在Si基底上制备了不同Mg掺杂浓度的ZnO纳米纤维膜,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、光致发光(PL)等手段对不同Mg掺杂浓度ZnO纳米纤维膜的表面形貌、晶体结构、化学成分、发光性能进行研究。SEM结果表明MgxZn1-xO纳米纤维的直径在50~300nm。XRD结果表明在Mg掺杂浓度低于15%(x=0.15)时,晶体呈现ZnO六角纤锌矿结构,当掺杂浓度达到20%(x=0.2)时,晶体出现MgO的分相。XPS结果表明Mg已成功掺入到ZnO纳米纤维中。PL谱表明MgxZn1-xO纤维膜具有较强的紫外发射,而可见发射几乎观察不到,随着Mg掺杂浓度的增加,紫外发光峰明显蓝移且发光强度增加。     

NiO掺杂对PMS-PZ-PT三元系陶瓷微结构和电性能的影响

探讨了NiO掺杂量对PMS—PZ—PT三元系陶瓷的微观结构和电性能的影响。实验结果表明：随着掺杂量的增加，物相组成由四方相向三方相转变：NiO在PMS—PZ—PT材料中的固溶度比较小；当掺杂量为0．02wt％时，εr，d33，κp，Qm等都有所提高，从而能获得好的压电性能，能满足超声马达实际使用的要求。