China''''s Petroleum Consumption and Petroleum Security

Petroleum consumption and petroleum security in China can directly affect the development of national economy. This article briefs the conditions in world's developed countries with respect to oil consumption and strategic oil reserves. Taking into account the quick increase in China's oil consumption this article proposes to increase the oil resources along with consumption reduction and avoidance of risks in order to safeguard China's oil supplies.     

Petroleum Independent

Petroleum Independent，中文刊名《独立石油》，由美国Independent Petroleum出版公司发行。创刊于1931年，国际标准刊号：ISSN0747-2528，全年6期。刊载美国各州石油和天然气的勘探、钻井、生产、财政、供需、价格和消费等方面的统计资料。综述美国石油工业的发展和政策。     

China＇s Petroleum Consumption and Petroleum Security

Petroleum consumption and petroleum security in China can directly affect the development of national economy. This article briefs the conditions in world‘s developed countries with respect to oil consumption and strategic oil reserves. Taking into account the quick increase in China‘s oil consumption this article proposes to increase the oil resnurces along with consumption reduction and avoidance of risks in order to safeguard China‘s oil supplies.     

World Petroleum Congress Demonstrating Improved Image of China Petroleum Industry

On 1-5 September 2002, the 17th World Petroleum Congress was successfully convened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with 3000 delegates coming from 59 countries and regions. Representatives from CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC attended the congress.     

Xingjiang Petroleum Administrative Bureau

Xinjiang Petroleum Administrative Bureau(XPAB) is the largest petroleum corporation in the west of China and a subsidiary of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC). It's headquarter is located in Karamay city at Xinjiang. XPAB was born in the 1950's with the development of oilfield in Karamay, was chiefly responsible for exploration and development of crude oil in the Junggar basin, Tarim basin and Tu-Ha basin in Xinjiang, and is a integrative large-scale state-owned enterprise from the upstream to downstream covering such businesses as geologi-     

Faculty of Petroleum Engleering of the University of Petroleum (Beijng)

~~Faculty of Petroleum Engleering of the University of Petroleum (Beijng)     

Daqing Administrative Bureau of Petroleum

Daqing ouneld is one of the world-famous largeoilfields. Daqing Administrative Bureau of Petroleumis a comprehensive petroleum enterprise in combination with scientific research and production. Daqing Administrative Bureau of Petroleum can provide various technical services and engineering construction services including exploration, cevelopment, well drilling, well logging well surveying, oilfield surface works, construction of oilfield production assurance system. Daqing Administrative Bureau of Petroleum is always fully     

Special Column for Petroleum Geology ＆ Geophysics： State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum

The State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting in China University of Petroleum (Beijing) was designated to be a state key laboratory by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2007. It was founded on the basis of     

Venezuela’s Petroleum Diplomacy and China & Venezuela Cooperation in Petroleum Industry

The considerable potential of oil and gasproduction in VenezuelaVenezuela is located in the north end of the South American continent. The oil reserve of Venezuelan announced by OPEC is 296.5 billion barrels (about 40.62 billion tons). Most of the oil reserve locates in Orinoco River area where heavy oil and ultra heavy oil can be explored, are highly viscosity and highly sulfur.     

Sinopec International Petroleum Service Corporation

Established in December 2003, Sinopec nternational Petroleum Service Corporation （SIPSC） is a fullyowned subsidiary of China Petrochemical Corporation （Sinopec Group）. The company is mainly engaged in contracting international petroleum service ,rojects and providing technical services, and is responsible for uniform management, coordination and orginization of contracted international projects and labor service cooperation performed by Sinopec＇s upstrean subsidiaries.     

Integration of Petroleum Processing with Petrochemical Production

1 Foreword 　　In the 1990s China‘ s petroleum processing and petrochemical industry have achieved brisk development in parallel with the sharp growth of national economy.The volume of crude oil processed in China in 1998 reached 152. 4 Mt, increasing by 13% over the 1993 level (Figure 1), and China‘ s refining capacity was ranked the fourth in the world. The ethylene output reached 3.77 Mt, equaling to 1.87 times the total output in 1993 (Figure 2), and China‘ s ethylene capacity was ranked the sixth in the world.……     

Overview on Routes for Development of China''''s Petroleum Refining Technology

China has formed a complete and packaged system of domestic petroleum refining industry. Till 2020 the demand for petroleum products in China will record a sharp growth. However, China is currently confronted with a shortage of oil resources, unsatisfactory quality of petroleum products, a widening gap between demand and supply of steam cracking feedstocks, and a stern situation in environmental protection. In this context the petroleum refiners of China, while taking into account the actual conditions, should seek for the way of deep processing to produce transportation fuels and chemical feedstocks that can hardly be replaced by other energy forms, continue to bring into full play FCC process as core process for making finished oil products, speed up the development of hydrocracking to achieve integration between refining and chemical production, adopt measures that can combine feedstock pre-treatment, novel FCC technologies and after-treatment of products to improve the quality of finished products, as well as realize the recycling of wastewater and control over air pollution caused by SOx to accelerate the development of petroleum processing industry in China.     

原油中石油酸的分析与分布规律研究

对原油的总酸值的分析方法和石油酸的分离方法进行了介绍,并通过对总酸值和环烷酸分布规律的深入研究后指出,目前已取得的成果和掌握的规律还不足以满足石油加工和石油酸腐蚀机理研究的需要,在石油酸的定量分离,石油酸组成的定性和定量分析方面,还有许多工作要做。     

Oil Import and Export in China

Domestic economic growth slowed down and supply exceeded demand in oil market in 2015, so the growth of refineries' processing volume was limited. Nevertheless, the gradual decontrol of market and the storage requirement under low oil price, crude oil imports hit a record high of 335.5 million tons, with the growth rate approximating 9%. Refined oil exports soared and imports decreased, which made China become a net refined oil exporter for the first time for 24 years, and net imports reached 6.22 million tons. Robust requirement on chemical raw materials propelled imported liquefied petroleum gas market to go on expanding. Imports exceeded 12 million tons in 2015, thus China leaped into the world's largest liquefied petroleum gas importer. In 2016, oil consumption growth would be kept at lower level. However, China would further decontrol crude oil import and refined oil export permits and put incremental storage capacity into use. Therefore, crude oil imports would continue to rise up, and refined oil exports may hit a new historic high. Imported liquefied petroleum gas market will enter into a stage of stable growth after two years' rapid development.     

Progress and Outlook on Technologies for Processing Inferior Crude Oil in China

The recent growth of the global petroleum refining industry and the main technologies and measures for China to process inferior crude oil were introduced. The main technologies and measures include the control over equipment corrosion induced by sour and acidic crude, in particular the corrosion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units, the development of technology for processing inferior residue, and the development of desulfurization technology and sulfur recovery technology in the course of processing of petroleum products. In order to meet the needs for national economic development, China＇s refining enterprises will uninterruptedly develop and prefect technologies for processing inferior crude, enhance the process and equipment management, sum up the experience for better processing of inferior crude, so as to provide high-quality oil products and petrochemical feedstocks to public with better economic return.     

中国石油地质学五十年

回顾了石油地质学的产生,发展和不断完善的过程,指出这一过程是与地质学及油气勘探实践密切相关的。总结了我国的石油工业和石油地质学的发展历程,将近５０年一我国石油工业的发展发为恢复和发展时期。     

Some Features of the Supramolecular Structures in Petroleum Media

The structure of the disperse phase of crude oils and liquid petroleum products is determined by the characteristics of formation of molecular aggregates of asphaltenes. The characteristics of these processes in dilute solutions of crude oil in toluene were investigated by measuring the proton spinspin relaxation time as a function of the concentration of asphaltenes. These measurements allowed explaining the conditions of formation of dimers and more complex aggregates of asphaltene molecules. The data obtained by the NMRrelaxation method are confirmed by the results of measurements of the viscosity and optical absorption of the petroleum solutions investigated.     

达尔原油中石油酸的结构组成分析

采用碱醇抽提法分离达尔原油中的石油酸,考察了溶剂配比、原油用量、反应温度、反应时间对脱酸率的影响,优化了达尔原油的脱酸条件。通过FTIR和电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)分析得到了有关石油酸结构与组成的分析结果。实验结果表明,在溶剂碱醇水溶液(KOH质量浓度为14g/L,V(乙醇):V(水)=7:3或3:1)用量为100mL、原油用量为6～8g、反应温度为60～75℃、反应时间为30～40min时可将原油中的石油酸全部提取出来;采用ESI-MS分析得到达尔原油中的石油酸由脂肪酸、环烷酸(包括单、双和三环烷酸)和芳基酸(包括烷基苯酸、单环烷基苯酸和二环烷基苯酸)组成,其中环烷酸含量最高,为56%(占石油酸的质量),芳基酸含量为30%,脂肪酸含量为14%。     

Petroleum acids and corrosion

The current state of research in petroleum acid corrosion of metals is surveyed. It is shown that the corrosion of refinery equipment caused by petroleum naphthenic acids is a multifactor process. The general characteristics of the acid content in crude oils and the acid number give quite a rough evaluation of the corrosive power of oils, and the determining factors useful for evaluation are the type, structure, and functionality of petroleum acids. Effective ways of preventing petroleum acid corrosion of metals are comprised of the demineralization and careful alkali treatment of crude oil, the use of organic corrosion inhibitors, and improvement in the metal quality by alloying with anticorrosive additives. Methods for simulation of the metal corrosion processes caused by petroleum acids are becoming of substantial importance.     

中国原油供求形势

分析了我国原油供求形势,预测了我国不同高峰原油产量及发展趋势,认为我国原油产量已进入高峰期,高峰平台在180～200 Mt/a,高峰平台还有望延续到2035年以后。按照常规原油储量和产量来看,我国原油供需矛盾是非常突出的,主要表现在:原油加工能力持续增长,近5年,全国原油加工能力与加工量分别增长了20.58%和29.36%,而同期世界原油加工能力仅增长3.57%。与此同时,中国炼油能力布局及企业规模调整也在加快。原油缺口和进口依赖形势更加严峻,进入本世纪以来,我国原油进口量和进口依存度同步增长,我国进口原油从2008年起就已经超出了进口依存度50%的警界线,而且越来越严重。目前我国进口原油主要从三条陆上运输管道和海上运输的方式进入国内原油运输管网。