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膜技术在水处理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了反渗透(纳滤)膜、超滤膜、微滤膜技术的基本原理及其在饮用水处理中的应用。介绍了膜生物反应器的基本原理及其在废水、污水处理中的应用。 相似文献
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以中空纤维微滤膜为核心膜组件的一体式膜生物反应器系统处理生活污水为例,介绍了该类系统与板框式膜组件及分体式(管式)构型比较;一体式中空纤维微滤膜膜生物反应器设计范围、设计步骤。最后列举设计案例,介绍了工程设计过程和设计要点。 相似文献
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指出膜生物反应器(MBR)作为一种污水处理技术,其研究在中国受到广泛的关注,介绍了几种新型MBR工艺的研究进展,并对MBR膜污染及其控制技术等方面的研究进展进行了探讨,旨在推广膜生物反应器的应用。 相似文献
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膜生物反应器是近年新发展起来的高效污水处理工艺。文章重点介绍了膜生物反应器的脱氮除磷工艺:单一反应器间歇曝气膜生物反应器工艺和A/O形式的膜生物反应器工艺。总结了国内外研究的工艺特点、技术参数和处理效果,分析了技术参数、运行方式对处理效果的影响。另外论述了膜生物反应器中的微生物技术,指出了MBR工艺的发展方向。 相似文献
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对以中空纤维微滤膜作为核心膜组件的膜生物反应器(MBR)深度处理城市生活污水中,进行了规模为30m3/d的中试研究。研究了膜组件构造、膜曝气、反冲洗和化学清洗对膜污染的影响。总结出了中空纤维微滤膜的最佳设计和操作参数,并通过优化膜组件的运行和维护,达到减少微滤膜污染、降低清洗频率、延长膜使用寿命并降低运行处理成本的目的。 相似文献
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阐述了膜生物反应器(MBR)的分类及原理,总结出膜生物反应器较传统的活性污泥系统所具有的特点,重点介绍了膜生物反应器在生活污水处理领域的应用,从而达到较高的去除效果。 相似文献
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近年来,随着膜生产技术的提高和生产成本的降低,膜技术在污水处理领域中的应用,特别是与生物反应器相组合的膜生物反应器作为一种新型高效污水处理技术在国际上受到了广泛关注。以超滤或微滤与传统的活性污泥生化处理技术相结合而成的膜生物反应器(MBR),以膜分离过程取代重力沉降过程,不论固体颗粒的沉降性能如何,均可完 相似文献
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本文介绍了气提式膜生物反应器(AirLift MBR)系统在市政污水处理项目上的应用。奥林匹克公园网球场100%污水经过膜生物反应器处理,完全可以达到绿化、冲厕等水质要求。 相似文献
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纳米TiO_2改性膜生物反应器处理污水的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用啧涂纳米TiO2的方法对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)微滤膜进行改性,用改性膜生物反应器(MBR)和非改性MBR处理污水,对比了两者的出水水质、膜通量和膜过滤阻力。结果表明,两套MBR的出水水质均可达到《生活杂用水水质标准》(CJ25.1—89)的要求;纳米TiO2改善了膜表面的亲水性和粗糙度,从而使改性MBR的清水膜过滤阻力和不同抽吸压力下的膜过滤阻力均低于非改性MBR的,而其在不同抽吸压力下的稳定膜通量则高于非改性MBR的。 相似文献
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投加颗粒活性炭对膜生物反应器过滤特性的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
膜污染是制约膜技术应用的重要因素。向膜生物反应器(MBR)中投加颗粒活性炭(GAC),通过分析MBR系统中膜通量、过滤阻力等的变化,考察投加GAC对MBR系统过滤特性的影响。结果表明,运行30d后,未投加和投加GAC的MBR系统的膜通量分别降至初始的31.3%和91.7%;未投加GAC系统的总过滤阻力和极化阻力分别为投加GAC系统的5.8和19.4倍,其污泥的多糖和蛋白质含量为投加GAC系统的近2倍,而其胶体物质和溶解性物质浓度分别为投加GAC系统的3.2和2.2倍。由此表明,投加GAC可大大减缓膜污染,延长膜的过滤周期。 相似文献
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MBR工艺在住宅小区中水系统中的应用探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合膜生物反应器MBR的工艺原理,对MBR中水处理的工艺流程及特点进行了介绍,经对MBR工艺处理后的出水水质分析,指出该工艺应用于住宅小区的中水处理是比较合适的,有极大的发展潜力。 相似文献
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Separate treatment of black (toilet) water offers the possibility to recover energy and nutrients. In this study three combinations of biological treatment and membrane filtration were compared for their biological and membrane performance and nutrient conservation: a UASB followed by effluent membrane filtration, an anaerobic MBR and an aerobic MBR. Methane production in the anaerobic systems was lower than expected. Sludge production was highest in the aerobic MBR, followed by the anaerobic MBR and the UASB-membrane system. The level of nutrient conservation in the effluent was high in all three treatment systems, which is beneficial for their recovery from the effluent. Membrane treatment guaranteed an effluent which is free of suspended and colloidal matter. However, the concentration of soluble COD in the effluent still was relatively high and this may seriously hamper subsequent nutrient recovery by physical-chemical processes. The membrane filtration behaviour of the three systems was very different, and seemed to be dominated by the concentration of colloidals in the membrane feed. In general, membrane fouling was the lowest in the aerobic MBR, followed by the membranes used for UASB effluent filtration and the anaerobic MBR. 相似文献
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针对在水资源日益紧张的今天,中水回用已经提上日程的现状,通过对膜生物反应器(MBR)技术的去除效果和膜污染的论述,以及对MBR在中水回用中的经济分析,指出MBR作为污水回用技术将会愈来愈具有经济、技术上的竞争优势。 相似文献
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MBR、MCR处理微污染水的膜污染比较 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
膜污染是影响膜反应器稳定运行的重要原因之一,为此考察了膜生物反应器(MBR)和膜混凝反应器(MCR)处理微污染地表水时的运行状况,并对膜比通量的变化进行了比较,发现MBR的膜污染情况比MCR的严重。MCR和MBR的膜组件经物理、化学清洗后膜比通量分别恢复至新膜比通量的99.7%和76.9%,物理清洗对此的贡献较大。经分析发现,MCR中无机污染占优势,主要污染元素是Fe;MBR中微生物和有机物是膜污染的主要组成,而无机污染物则主要是铁盐和磷酸盐。 相似文献
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Membrane bioreactor for the drinking water treatment of polluted surface water supplies 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
A laboratory membrane bioreactor (MBR) using a submerged polyethylene hollow-fibre membrane module with a pore size of 0.4 microm and a total surface area of 0.2 m2 was used for treating a raw water supply slightly polluted by domestic sewage. The feeding influent had a total organic carbon (TOC) level of 3-5 mg/L and an ammonia nitrogen (NH(3)-N) concentration of 3-4 mg/L. The MBR ran continuously for more than 500 days, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) as short as 1h or less. Sufficient organic degradation and complete nitrification were achieved in the MBR effluent, which normally had a TOC of less than 2 mg/L and a NH(3)-N of lower than 0.2 mg/L. The process was also highly effective for eliminating conventional water impurities, as demonstrated by decreases in turbidity from 4.50+/-1.11 to 0.08+/-0.03 NTU, in total coliforms from 10(5)/mL to less than 5/mL and in UV(254) absorbance from 0.098+/-0.019 to 0.036+/-0.007 cm(-1). With the MBR treatment, the 3-day trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was significantly reduced from 239.5+/-43.8 to 60.4+/-23.1 microg/L. The initial chlorine demand for disinfection decreased from 22.3+/-5.1 to 0.5+/-0. 1mg/L. The biostability of the effluent improved considerably as the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) decreased from 134.5+/-52.7 to 25.3+/-19.9 microg/L. All of these water quality parameters show the superior quality of the MBR-treated water, which was comparable to or even better than the local tap water. Molecular size distribution analysis and the hydrophobic characterisation of the MBR effluent, in comparison to the filtered liquor from the bioreactor, suggest that the MBR had an enhanced filtration mechanism. A sludge layer on the membrane surface could have functioned as an additional barrier to the passage of typical THM precursors, such as large organic molecules and hydrophobic compounds. These results indicate that the MBR with a short HRT could be developed as an effective biological water treatment process to address the urgent need of many developing countries that are plagued by the serious contamination of surface water resources. 相似文献