直播单季稻田杂草防除试验

田间试验表明，３５％丁草胺－苄嘧黄隆在水稻播种后６天用１５０克／６６７米＾２，１２％Ｈｅ草酮在水稻播种前３天用１５０毫升／６６７米＾２，对直播单季稻田主要杂草千金子、稗草、异型莎草、矮慈姑、节节菜、鸭舌草等均具有显著的防除效果，总草防效分别达９７．３％和９５．６％。根据直播单季稻田杂草分布的具体情况，有选择性地应用丁草胺、哌草丹－苄嘧黄隆、丙草胺、吡嘧黄隆，能收到较好的除草效果。     

常用除草剂热点品种的最新登记情况(一)

近年来在市场占有较大份额的常用热销产品被生产企业看好,纷纷登记、上马生产。除草剂产品是：莠去津、高效氟吡甲禾灵、氟乐灵、扑草净、西玛津、乙氧氟草醚、乙草胺、都尔（异丙甲草胺）、丁草胺、拉索（甲草胺）、玉嘧黄隆、烟嘧黄隆、二甲戊乐灵、精稳杀得、2,4-D丁酯、五氯酚钠、百草枯、草甘膦、磺草酮（甲基磺草酮）等,本文统计了这些热点品种截止到2009年4月底的最新登记情况,以供有关部门参考。     

几种除草剂防除直播稻田稗草和千金子的效果

试验结果表明，直播早稻芽期每亩用１０％吡嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂１０克、立针期每亩用３０％丙草胺乳油１００毫升、１７．２％哌草丹－苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂２００克、一叶一心期亩用３４％二氯喹啉酸－苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂２８克、二叶一心期每亩用５０％二氯喹啉酸丁湿性粉剂２５克加１０％吡嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂１０克，对稗草和千金子均有理想的防除效果，鲜重防效分别为８８．３￣９９．１％和９２．３％￣１００％，且对水稻安全。     

苄嘧黄隆,二氯喹啉酸,吡嘧黄隆防除晚稻本田杂草

1991年,我们进行了苄嘧黄隆、二氯喹啉酸、吡嘧黄隆防除晚稻本田杂草的示范试验。现将示范试验情况及结果报告如下。 一、材料和方法 1.供试药剂及来源:10％苄嘧黄隆可湿性粉剂、40％二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂、10％吡嘧黄隆,均为沈阳化工研究院提供的样品;60％丁草胺乳油,由示范试验单位自购。     

40%乙草胺·扑草净悬浮乳剂防除棉花田杂草田间试验

研究了40%乙草胺·扑草净悬浮乳剂对棉花田杂草防除效果,同时研究了该剂对棉花品质的影响。试验结果表明,40%乙草胺·扑草净悬浮乳剂对棉花田杂草具有良好的控制效果,200～250mL/667m2用药后50d对杂草株防效和鲜重防效都在94%以上。试验还表明,40%乙草胺·扑草净悬浮乳剂对棉花品质没有不良影响。     

丁草净除草效果试验

我们以国产丁草胺为主,与扑草净混配,制成丁草净颗粒剂,经1986年早、晚二稻防除水稻本田杂草试验证明,丁草净对早、晚水稻本田杂草均有很高的防效。其使用有效剂量仅为单用丁草胺的1/3～3/5,但二者效果无明显差异,与杀草丹和恶草灵效果亦相当,而且对水稻安全。     

水田除草化肥一号防除水田杂草

水田杂草对药剂选择性很强,有些药剂连续施用几年后,对某些杂草便产生抗性。吉林省普遍推广吡嘧黄隆、苄嘧黄隆,有的与丁草胺混用,但对扁杆蔗草等不能有效地抑制地下块茎的繁殖。因此,该草发展很快,在吉林、前郭、连花泡等地造成草荒。为此,我所用吉     

苄嘧黄隆,吡嘧黄隆,丁草胺混用防除水稻本田杂草

为评价苄嘧黄隆、吡嘧黄隆、丁草胺混用对水稻本田杂草的防除效果、混用效应及对水稻的安全性,笔者于1990～1992年进行了小区试验和大面积示范。 一,小区试验 该试验于1990～1991年在柳河县圣水乡、通化县英戈布乡进行。     

水田除草剂18%稻草灵可湿性粉剂

田间小区试验结果表明，１８％稻草灵可湿性粉剂每公顷２２５－８２５克剂量下，以杂草的总防效为９２．３－９９．１％，稍优于其他水田除草剂，如稻田净、１０％苄．甲可湿性粉剂，乙草胺－苄嘧典隆混剂，吡嘧黄隆和苄嘧黄隆，对水稻安全。     

幼禾葆防除水稻秧田和直播田杂草试验

幼禾葆是浙江乐吉化工股份有限公司用哌草丹与苄黄隆混配的除草剂，从1994年开始，每年推广用于秧田和部分直播田除草约5~7万 hm2，使用方便，除草效果好、对稻苗十分安全。为进一步推广和在直播田上应用，我们再次进行了系统试验。 1 材料与方法 1.1 供试药剂 17.2%幼禾葆WP，浙江乐吉化工股份有限公司产；10%苄黄隆WP，江苏常州农药厂产；35%新幼禾葆 (丙·吡嘧) WP，浙江平湖农药厂产；50%直播青 (丙·苄) WP，浙江乐吉化工股份有限公司产。 1.2 试验处理 1.2.1 试验设计 设17.2%幼禾葆WP每667 m2用150 g、200 g、250 g、300 g。…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。