多约束主动路由协议及其性能分析

主动网络是一种新型的网络体系结构,能够快速地把新协议和新应用引入到正在运行的网络中。由于主动节点具有较高的计算能力,所以能够提供比传统网络更为有效的服务质量路由方案。该文尝试把服务质量路由引入到主动网络中,结合两者优点提出一种基于主动网络的多约束主动路由(MAR)协议。仿真结果表明MAR比目前其它的QoS路由机制更简洁、更灵活、更可控。     

基于多约束条件的WDM光网络多播动态路由算法

针对WDM光网络多播动态路由分配问题,提出了一种多约束条件下的路由分配算法.对WDM光网络中的多约束因素进行了系统分析,阐述了算法的实现步骤,并对CERNET和NSFNET两种网络进行了仿真实验和对比.     

基于保证QoS的片上网络路由算法

为了解决满足多个约束条件的片上网络服务质量,提出了一种基于区域的路由算法,该算法根据数据包所在的节点将整个网络按照X维分为两个部分,正面部分采用东最后路由,负面部分采用西优先路由.仿真结果表明,区域路由算法比传统的维序算法和奇偶转向模型能够很好地保证片上网络的服务质量.     

基于信源路由的时延受限点到点路由算法

本文研究了网络路由中的一个NPC问题:时延受限最小代价路由问题.文中提出了一个理论框架,并给出了多个简单有效的启发式算法,在满足给定时延约束条件可行路径存在时,算法总能找到满足约束条件的代价优化路径.文中提出的启发式算法复杂性为O(|V|²)且在线复杂性为O(|V|).仿真显示算法取得了良好的平均代价性能.最后将模型扩展到多QoS限制条件下的路由问题.     

NoC中的基于蜂群算法的QoS路由

为了解决满足多个约束条件的片上网络服务质量,本文提出了基于蜂群算法的一种QoS路由,该算法使用代理来更新路由信息,并综合考虑历史信息和当前网络状态的路由策略。采用最短路由,最大程度开放路由的自由度,使用基于软件的死锁恢复机制来检测和恢复死锁。仿真结果表明,蜂群算法比维序算法和奇偶转向模型能够更好的保证片上网络的服务质量。     

WMN中基于免疫算法的QoS路由研究

无线Mesh网络的路由技术是影响网络性能的一个关键问题。针对无线Mesh网络的QoS多约束路由算法难于找到最优路径的问题,提出了一种基于免疫算法的路由算法,利用免疫算法的寻优能力,实现了无线Mesh网络QoS多约束条件下的最优路径选择,并与基于遗传算法的路由算法进行了比较。实验结果表明,利用免疫算法获得满足QoS要求的最佳路径时,不容易陷入局部最优,且收敛速度快,性能优越,更符合无线通信实时性的要求。     

RPR高生存性网络的约束路由算法的研究

在分析RPR高生存性网络的拓扑结构的特性基础上,引进了约束路由算法的概念,并且提出了一种以跨环次数和跳数为约束条件的最短路径的路由选择算法.通过网络仿真工具OPNET仿真验证,结果表明该算法在网络时延方面有一定优越性.     

一种改进的多约束条件的路由算法

基于多约束条件的满足服务质量(QoS)路由选择问题是当前通信网络中的一个重要问题,满足一个或多个约束条件的路由问题都是非确定多项式的完全问题(NPC),因此解决此类问题通常是很困难的。文中针对此类问题提出一种改进的启发式算法,快速、准确地解决多约束条件的路由选择问题。     

面向多样化服务定制的多态路由机制研究

如何基于有限且确定的路由结构来支持多样化服务是当前研究面临的问题,采用路由结构的自组织和自调节来实现路由与业务的“自适配”,提出一种面向多样化服务定制的多态路由机制。该机制通过自适配网络路由结构的基本“微内核”,实现到个性化定制寻址路由结构的派生与重载,使网络具有动态适应多样化业务的路由服务功能,并且支持多样网络寻址与路由的多模多态共存。     

基于蚁群算法的自适应QoS路由优化

Internet网络规模的迅速增长和网络技术的不断完善，使得如何在满足QoS（quality of service）要求下进行路由选择成为路由算法研究的重要方向。提出了一种多约束条件下的自适应蚁群算法，该算法基于目标函数的信息素分配策略来自适应地调整蚂蚁的搜索行为，使多约束QoS路由优化问题得到了很好的解决。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks