辐射测温区域的界定分析

文章讨论了谱色测温系统研究中,基于测温坐标系的辐射测温区域的界定问题。以线性发射率模型以及改进的单调发射率模型为基础,通过测温坐标系标尺的考察,分析了不同光谱发射率模型下的辐射测温坐标系所限定的辐射测温有效区域的规律特征;以实际应用中特定的谱色测温仪器为例,给出该仪器适用的辐射测温的理论区域,并用黑体实验进行了验证。     

采用参考发射率法提高红外点温仪测温精度研究

红外点温仪是非成像型的红外温度检测诊断仪器,能测量设备表面某点周围确定面积的平均温度,具有测量简便,使用方便等优点.而在现场实际测温过程中,由于测温表面的发射率未知,将导致一定的测温误差.针对存在的问题建立了红外测温过程物理模型,建立了测试物体传热数学模型,采用数值计算方法模拟了发射率对红外测温精度的影响情况.根据模拟结果分析,提出采用参考发射率确定测试物体表面温度.针对不同条件对红外测温影响进行了4组数值模拟实验.数值模拟结果分析表明:采用参考发射率法进行红外测温可以显著提高测量精度,而且简单易用.     

黑体辐射源发射率对辐射测温准确度的影响及修正方法

随着辐射温度计的广泛应用,对准确测量、校准或检定的要求越来越高.尽管黑体辐射源的性能不断提高,但黑体辐射源发射率偏离1仍然是影响辐射温度计校准/检定或相关应用准确度的关键问题.可是目前对辐射温度计的校准常常忽略黑体辐射源发射率偏离1的影响或在分析中采用不适当的计算.针对常见的辐射温度计,阐述了对黑体辐射源发射率的影响进行修正与不确定度评定的一般方法,对复杂的宽带辐射温度计提出可行的近似计算方法,并对最常见的8～14μm宽带辐射温度计给出了计算结果.分析结果表明,对于较长波长的辐射温度计,在中高温区的校准或检定中所经常使用黑体辐射源发射率值所引起的亮度温度误差是显著的,应予以修正.     

一种新的红外测温仪的测温方法

提出的红外测温仪的测温方法是用一个统一的公式来描述各种物体在不同条件下的热辐射规律(而传统的黑体辐射公式只是特殊情况),根据用户面临的具体测量条件来设置红外测温仪测量参数值的方法,避开辐射率修正困难,使红外测温仪的测温精度可达到0.1%左右.     

基于取样积分和混沌理论的荧光测温系统

采用取样积分技术结合混沌理论进行荧光测温系统中微弱荧光信号的提取与处理检测,用相位调制方法检测与温度相关的荧光寿命.测温范围为25～150℃,温度分辨率为0.1℃,精度为±0.5℃.该技术提高了信号的信噪比门限,具有较快的信号处理速度和较高的温度测量精度.     

Calculation of Limiting Effective Spectral Coordinates of Measurement Channels of Thermal Radiation Spectrometers

An analytic solution of an equation that makes it possible to directly calculate the values of the limiting efficient wavelengths of frequencies of the spectral channels of a thermal radiation radiometer as a function of the temperature of a radiator is presented. The radiator is in the form of a black body model.     

常低温辐射温度测量的理论研究

从理论上论述了常低温温度辐射测量方法的原理及其应用，并针对测量过程中所必须解决的被测物的发射率校正，校正误差计算以及利用特性方程进行温度定标等难题作了较为详细的分析。     

红外测温中环境辐射影响的分析

对物体进行辐射测温时,若被测物体温度接近环境温度,则环境因素对测量结果影响较大.为了提高测量精度,依据普朗克定律通过数值计算得出红外测温中环境温度影响比率在不同物体温度、环境温度和辐射波长的值以及它们之间的关系,并在此基础上分析了若使环境辐射的影响可忽略则被测物体所满足的最低温度.最后讨论了环境辐射对比色测温的影响.     

Measurement Uncertainty Analysis of Temperature Based Solar Radiation Estimation Models

Solar radiation is the main energy source for activities in the earth. It is important that the solar radiation values are known accurately. In cases where parameters about solar radiation cannot be measured, solar radiation estimation models are used. These are mathematical functions derived from the measured meteorological parameters. In this study, temperature-based estimation models that commonly used in the literature were examined, and uncertainty analysis of the models were applied. These solar radiation estimation models are Allen model, Hargreaves model, Chen model and Bristow–Campbell model. These models calculate the total global solar radiation with the difference between the maximum and minimum air temperatures. Measurement uncertainty budgets of the models and an example calculation can be found in the study.     

计算机电磁辐射的测量

目的 介绍计算机系统电磁辐射测量的条件要求和测试方法。方法 给出计算机系统辐射发射的理论模型。详细论述了测量条件要求和测试方法，并按美国联邦通信委员会（简称FCC）规定测试。结果与结论 测试结果的真实性和可重复性得到了有效保证，这些要求和方法适用于计算机系统，计算机以及与计算机主机连用的外部设备的试验，对其他电子设备辐射测量，本文的原理和方法同样具有借鉴意义。     

地球红外辐射对大气层外红外测温的影响

针对环境辐射对弹道导弹防御(BMD)系统大气层外红外测温精度的影响问题,本文提出了分析地球红外辐射对红外测温精度的影响的方法.该方法根据双波段红外测温的原理,导出了考虑目标反射的地球红外辐射后,红外传感器对目标测量的色温计算公式,并给出了测量误差的分析方法.然后本文以BMD系统大气层外杀伤器(EKⅥ红外传感器为例,利用蒙特卡洛方法,分析了在假定的典型场景下,地球红外辐射对测温精度的影响程度.分析表明,地球红外辐射将使EKV红外测温的精度明显降低.     

温度冲击试验箱的参数测量

简介了温度冲击试验原理，提供了一种测量温度冲击试验设备参数的方法，并分析了一个实例。     

Measurement and Analysis of the Temperature Gradient of Blackbody Cavities,for Use in Radiation Thermometry

Blackbody cavities are the standard radiation sources widely used in the fields of radiometry and radiation thermometry. Its effective emissivity and uncertainty depend to a large extent on the temperature gradient. An experimental procedure based on the radiometric method for measuring the gradient is followed. Results are applied to particular blackbody configurations where gradients can be thermometrically estimated by contact thermometers and where the relationship between both basic methods can be established. The proposed procedure may be applied to commercial blackbodies if they are modified allowing secondary contact temperature measurement. In addition, the established systematic may be incorporated as part of the actions for quality assurance in routine calibrations of radiation thermometers, by using the secondary contact temperature measurement for detecting departures from the real radiometrically obtained gradient and the effect on the uncertainty. On the other hand, a theoretical model is proposed to evaluate the effect of temperature variations on effective emissivity and associated uncertainty. This model is based on a gradient sample chosen following plausible criteria. The model is consistent with the Monte Carlo method for calculating the uncertainty of effective emissivity and complements others published in the literature where uncertainty is calculated taking into account only geometrical variables and intrinsic emissivity. The mathematical model and experimental procedure are applied and validated using a commercial type three-zone furnace, with a blackbody cavity modified to enable a secondary contact temperature measurement, in the range between 400 °C and 1000 °C.