一种制动低气压报警装置的设计

指出了气压制动系统在客车和货车上的应用。对于汽车制动系统,按照其能源区分,总结了不同结构形式及工作介质的主要应用。指出了国标机动车运行安全技术条件对气压制动的机动车要求,结合某型解放车双回路气压制动系统的制动原理,阐述了工作过程,给出了低气压报警传感器的结构与工作机理,给出了低气压报警电路的器件图,解释了工作模式。     

基于DSP的火车制动梁中频加热电源研制

针对目前普遍采用的火焰加热式热处理设备温度控制精度低的缺点,设计了一种适合于制动梁加热的中频电源.该方案以DSP为控制核心,采用模糊PID温度控制策略,增强了系统对负载参数变化和外部干扰的适应性,有效提高了温度控制精度.分析了加热电源的结构和原理,并对控制电路和控制方法进行了设计.通过实验对该系统的性能进行了验证,结果...     

Simulations of electromagnetic processes in an asynchronous traction drive of automatic electric braking of an electric train

This paper shows the possibility and effectiveness of using an electric brake of motor railcar rolling stock with an asynchronous traction drive as an automatic brake. Since electric braking is unaffected by low temperatures and it can provide high efficiency protection from wheel slipping and skidding when integrated into a traction drive control system, as well as control braking torque with a high speed. Many motor axes and, hence, high power railcar rolling stock can provide less braking distance at electric braking than does pneumatic braking, which is especially important for emergency braking. However, an electric brake can be used as an automatic one only if it can be driven even in the case of loss of power from the catenary or diesel generator. The possibility in principle and the workability of using an electric brake as an automatic one are analyzed on the basis of mathematical simulations. The electromagnetic processes in an asynchronous traction drive under such conditions are considered, and the actuation time of an electric brake in the absence of supplied power is determined.     

窑尾小车电气传动不稳定性分析及其改造

莱钢集团矿山建设有限公司60万t球团厂的窑尾小车电气传动系统采用电磁抱闸进行机械制动,摩擦片磨损快,停车时,窑尾小车时常出现振动和打滑等不稳定问题。文章分析了窑尾小车电气传动系统不稳定的原因,采用变频调速的直流制动功能新方法,选用施耐德电气公司的ATV71系列变频器,构建了新的电气传动系统,有效地克服了摩擦片磨损和电磁...     

风力发电机制动闸的状态检测系统

设计了风力发电机制动闸状态监控系统,给出了硬件电路设计,包括西门子S7-200PLC、温度传感器、压力传感器、速度传感器和触摸屏显示器.利用工控组态软件建立了制动闸状态检测界面.系统能实时显示制动闸的工作状态,对保证风力发电机的安全运行具有重要意义.     

A Diagnostic System for Air Brakes in Commercial Vehicles

The safe operation of vehicles on roads depends, among other things, on a properly functioning brake system. Air brake systems are widely used in commercial vehicles such as trucks, tractor-trailers, and buses. In these brake systems, compressed air is used as the energy transmitting medium to actuate the foundation brakes mounted on the axles. In this paper, a model-based diagnostic system for air brakes is presented. This diagnostic system is based on a nonlinear model for predicting the pressure transients in the brake chamber that correlates the brake chamber pressure to the treadle valve (brake application valve) plunger displacement and the pressure of the air supplied to the brake system. Leaks and “out-of-adjustment” of push rods are two prominent defects that affect the performance of the air brake system. Diagnostic schemes that will monitor the brake system for these defects will be presented and corroborated with experimental data obtained from the brake testing facility.     

基于单元串联多电平高压变频器的异步电机直流制动研究

简单地介绍了单元串联多电平变频器的结构,详细地阐述了直流制动的原理和具体实现的方法。提出了在具体实现制动时应考虑的3个主要因素,通过改进的电压控制方法,抑制了制动电流冲击波的产生,能够有效平滑地进行直流制动。试验结果证明,采用直流制动功能是可靠和有效的。直流制动特别适合在低频段制动,所以很适合于风机起动前确保拖动系统从零速开始起动所需的制动场合。     

基于单元串联多电平高压变频器的异步电机直流制动研究

简单地介绍了单元串联多电平变频器的结构,详细地阐述了直流制动的原理和具体实现的方法。提出了在具体实现制动时应考虑的3个主要因素,通过改进的电压控制方法,抑制了制动电流冲击波的产生,能够有效平滑地进行直流制动。试验结果证明,采用直流制动功能是可靠和有效的。直流制动特别适合在低频段制动,所以很适合于风机起动前确保拖动系统从零速开始起动所需的制动场合。     

一种汽车综合制动性能检测系统的设计与研究

设计的汽车综合制动性能检测系统以现有的反力式滚筒试验台为基础,增加了制动踏板力、制动管路压力等测量装置,设计软件系统进行多通道数据测量、采集与处理,测量模拟车辆行驶时的实际地面制动力.该系统可以对测试车辆制动踏板采用手摇加载方式对制动管路进行加压,在制动器反应、制动力上升、持续制动和放松制动等制动过程中,实时、同步测量测试车辆的制动踏板力、制动管路压力和车轮制动力变化情况,进而将研究成果应用于由于交通事故导致制动管路损坏而4个车轮及其制动器均完好的这一类事故车辆制动性能鉴定工作中.     

永磁涡流制动的有限元分析与设计

为了研究新型直线驱动装置的制动问题,介绍了永磁涡流制动的基本原理,阐述了有限元法相对于解析法的优越之处。用有限元法建立2D模型,得到制动与速度之间的关系曲线,并设计完成一套试验系统。实验结果和理论分析表明永磁涡流制动是一种高效可靠的制动方法。通过与解析法和实验结果的比较,证明用有限元法分析永磁涡流制动的可行性和准确性。     

一种汽车综合制动性能检测系统的设计与研究

设计的汽车综合制动性能检测系统以现有的反力式滚筒试验台为基础,增加了制动踏板力、制动管路压力等测量装置,设计软件系统进行多通道数据测量、采集与处理,测量模拟车辆行驶时的实际地面制动力.该系统可以对测试车辆制动踏板采用手摇加载方式对制动管路进行加压,在制动器反应、制动力上升、持续制动和放松制动等制动过程中,实时、同步测量测试车辆的制动踏板力、制动管路压力和车轮制动力变化情况,进而将研究成果应用于由于交通事故导致制动管路损坏而4个车轮及其制动器均完好的这一类事故车辆制动性能鉴定工作中.     

立式水轮发电机机械制动设计及其标准化

着重介绍了造成机械制动系统发生故障的理论、原因及其解决方案，提出了两段制动方式，并设计出了一套全新的水轮发电机用制动器及制动控制器（已申请国家专利，并已取得专利号），并从今后发展的角度提出了整个水轮发电机用制动系统的标准化方向。     

纯电动城市客车EMB执行机构驱动电机制动性能分析

传统气压制动系统存在压缩机、制动油箱和空气管路,占据较大空间,而采用电子机械制动(EMB)系统代替,不但可以减小空间,还能实现对夹紧力的快速响应和精确控制。以纯电动城市客车为目标车型,讨论了EMB执行机构方案,根据传统气压盘式制动器最大夹紧力推导出电机的堵转转矩和空载转速。据此设计了永磁无刷直流驱动电机,堵转转矩为10 N·m,空载转速为370 r/min。在Maxwell 2D中搭建驱动电机有限元模型,分析电机在消除间隙阶段和夹紧力增加阶段的制动性能。结果表明所设计的驱动电机制动性能可满足要求。     

牵引列车纯电制动停车技术研究

在轨道交通领域,停车制动技术的性能,一方面会影响停车过程的舒适性,另一方向会影响停车的对标精度。目前的停车制动方式为电空联合制动,即在较低速时开始切除电制动,使用空气制动停车,但这种方式存在诸多的缺陷。为了进一步提升停车的性能,该文提出了一种纯电制动停车技术,该技术无需增加任何的硬件设施,采用自然换向的策略,使电机在低速下进行反接制动停车。,文充分考虑了停车的平稳性问题,设计了一种平均冲动率最小的反接制动方式。电机平台以及实车的实验验证了文方案的可行性。     

Rail brake system using a linear induction motor for dynamic braking

One type of braking system for railway vehicles is the eddy current brake. Because this type of brake has the problem of rail heating, it has not been used for practical applications in Japan. Therefore, we proposed the use of a linear induction motor (LIM) for dynamic braking in eddy current brake systems. The LIM reduces rail heating and uses an inverter for self excitation. We estimated the performance of an LIM from experimental results of a fundamental test machine and confirmed that the LIM generates an approximately constant braking force under constant current excitation. At relatively low frequencies, this braking force remains unaffected by frequency changes. The reduction ratio of rail heating is also approximately proportional to the frequency. We also confirmed that dynamic braking resulting in no electrical output can be used for drive control of the LIM. These characteristics are convenient for the realization of the LIM rail brake system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 178(2): 29–38, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21209     

制动电阻对变速双馈风电机组故障穿越能力的影响研究

为保持系统稳定,必须要求风电机组具有故障穿越能力.双馈风电机组故障穿越能力已成为研究热点.介绍了故障穿越标准,分析了双馈风电机组暂态特性与制动电阻的工作原理,详细分析电网电压跌落情况下,制动电阻接在风电场升压变压器低压侧与接在风电机组机端对双馈风机故障穿越能力影响.试验结果表明:故障期间投入制动电阻,能有效提升双馈风电场故障穿越能力.     

磁粉制动器对异步电动机机械特性的测量

为了使磁粉制动器能够稳定地测量完整的机械特性,依据稳定测量的条件,提出了基于磁粉制动器的测量系统。系统采用转速反馈控制改善磁粉制动器的负载特性,在负载点形成近似恒转速特性,满足稳定测试的条件,实现异步电动机机械特性的稳定测试。实验表明,系统满足异步电动机转矩一转速特性测试的工程需求,可以作为电机生产的检验设备。     

Research on an integrated electromagnetic auxiliary disc brake device for motor vehicle

In view of low chassis and limited space of small vehicles, this paper presents an integrated electromagnetic auxiliary disc brake device. The device is formed by an excitation winding and the main magnetic circuit, both of which are located on the structure of the conventional brake caliper. The excitation winding is powered synergistically with the antilock braking system. Based on the presented main magnetic circuit, we construct the physical model of the proposed system, analyze the working principle, electromagnetic braking power, and torque, and calculate electromagnetic braking torque with conventional algorithms. To calculate the eddy current and magnetic field distribution on the disc, using three‐dimensional finite element simulation method taking full account of the penetration depth and the marginal effect, we compare the electromagnetic braking torques obtained using the conventional algorithm and finite element simulation. Results show that the braking effect is effective and obvious, especially at medium and high speeds. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

电动汽车用高效回馈制动控制策略

为了提高电动汽车再生制动能量的回收和利用效率,在分析电动汽车典型循环工况制动时驱动电机的工作特点,并在同步旋转坐标系下考虑铁损的感应电机动态数学模型制动时能量转换关系的基础上,提出了基于损耗模型的高效制动效率优化控制策略。根据制动时的车速和制动转矩需求,重新分配感应电机的转矩和励磁电流,并结合给出的电动汽车前后轮制动力分配方案,可实现制动能量的高效回收利用。通过仿真软件ADVISOR中的对比仿真结果验证了控制策略的有效性,制动能量回收率有明显改善,提高了电动汽车电驱动系统效率,有利于合理利用其有限的能量延长电动汽车续驶里程。     

飞机全电刹车高压驱动器设计与研究

设计了一种飞机全电刹车高压驱动器,介绍了飞机全电刹车整体结构,阐述了防滑控制器、驱动控制器与机电作动机构的功能.具体设计了以DSP十CPLD为控制核心的硬件设计和以电流环、速度环和刹车压力环三闭环控制为控制策略的软件设计.实验结果表明,驱动器软件、硬件设计合理,正确.驱动器能够完成飞机刹车功能,性能良好,可靠性高.