计算机辅助创新驱动的产品概念设计创新设想产生过程模型

创新设想产生是产品概念设计阶段的关键环节,影响该阶段设想产生的障碍是设计人员不能很好地利用多学科领域的知识.鉴于此,基于发明问题解决理论的计算机辅助创新软件系统提供了应用多学科领域知识的一个平台.提出了计算机辅助创新驱动的创新设想产生原理,以计算辅助创新软件为设计场景进行问题求解,基于源设计中的未预见的发现建立扩展解空间,驱动创新设想产生,进而建立了计算机辅助创新驱动的产品概念设计创新设想产生过程模型.通过安全隔离蝶阀创新设想产生验证了该模型的可行性.     

模糊前端驱动的产品创新设计过程与应用

将模糊前端作为创新驱动力,应用发明问题解决理论中的冲突解决原理来分析产品性能与客户需求之间的差距,确定市场需求拉动的创新设想,通过结构创新对产品进行局部的改进,提高产品理想化程度和顾客满意度;应用需求进化定律与技术进化定律确定未来产品的需求及其对应技术进化的创新设想,通过原理创新对产品相关技术进行更新换代,提高产品应对市场未来变化的能力;以产品结构创新与原理创新为基础,结合计算机辅助创新知识库建立有创新设想产生到概念设计方案相融合的模糊前端驱动下的产品创新过程模型,提高设计人员自主创新的能力和创新成功率.以该创新模型为理论指导,进行带式输送机的创新设计,开发出新型磁垫式带式输送机技术方案.     

基于TRIZ的机械产品突破性创新设想产生过程研究

为解决机械产品突破性创新设想产生的问题,将发明问题解决理论（TRIZ）应用于新产品开发的模糊前端阶段。在建立产品技术系统主功能物质-场模型的基础上,提出了机械产品突破性创新的方法;基于TRIZ全局理想化,对实现产品主功能的技术子系统进行了功能裁剪及可用资源分析,进而利用技术进化理论对实现产品主功能的技术子系统进行了技术预测,并应用计算机辅助创新软件（CAI）工具建立了机械产品突破性创新设想产生过程模型。中药滴丸机创新设想的产生验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于激进式裁剪的产品突破性创新设计过程

产品的突破性创新可使得其性能大幅提升,成本急剧下降,并提高系统理想化水平。为了提高突破性创新的效率,解决设想产生的问题,将激进式裁剪方法用于产品开发的模糊前端阶段,通过功能分析和根原因分析确定裁剪对象,实施裁剪,利用标准解、进化趋势及效应等创新方法辅助进行功能重组,进而产生突破性创新设想。构建了产品的突破性创新过程模型,并应用该模型进行自动出货机的创新设计,验证了所提出方法的有效性和实用性。     

需求进化与功能进化集成的创新设想产生研究

为解决面向产品创新模糊前端的设想产生问题,针对产品进化与生物体进化具有相似性的特点,论述了需求进化系统和生物功能进化系统的组成,并将生物体功能进化系统用于描述产品功能进化的过程。建立了需求进化系统与生物体功能进化系统之间的界面,在两种系统集成的基础上,建立了面向模糊前端的未来需求拉动功能进化的产品创新设想产生过程模型。通过中药擦丸机创新设想的产生表明了该过程模型的可行性。     

基于约束理论的系统化创新思维方法

研究了约束理论(theory of constraints,TOC)和系统化创新思维方法(systematic inventive thinking,SIT)的基本原理,据此构造了基于约束理论的系统化创新思维方法模型,并针对该模型提出了基于上述的理论与方法集成模式的创新设计方法。该方法采用约束理论的当前实现树和冲突解决图表分析问题、定义冲突,并将分析结果用以辅助系统创新思维方法的重构。根据重构的问题选择系统化创新思维策略,从而选择并应用恰当的创新思维激励方法获得解决方案。最后通过实例分析,验证了该方法的可行性。     

BS与TRIZ集成产品形态创新方法研究

研究解决如何利用头脑风暴法(BS)和发明问题解决理论(TRIZ)相结合,快速有效地解决产品形态创新设计的方法的问题。从对BS和TRIZ两种创新方法着手,分析了两者集成的创新思维方法在产品形态创新应用中的可行性,进而提出了BS与TRIZ相结合的产品形态创新方法,并形成创新方法的系统化过程模型。最后将该方法用于户外铁板烧炉具设计中,验证了该方法的合理性和可行性。     

产品创新概念设计集成过程模型应用研究

通过集成不同的设计方法,如发明问题冲突解决理论、约束理论(Theory of constraints, TOC)、未预见发现(Unexpected discovery, UXD)、类比设计(Analogy-based design, ABD)等,建立一种产品创新概念设计集成过程模型,并分析产品需求。利用约束设计理论与发明问题解决理论(Theory of inventive problem solving,TRIZ)方法相结合来发现、确定并解决产品冲突;再利用类比设计将获得的UXD结果作用于驱动跨领域知识创新构想产生,进而确定领域内的产品冲突,获得了系统原理解或产品创新方案。以水力旋流器为例对该集成过程模型进行应用研究,提高了产品创新设计效率。     

基于TRIZ理论的产品创新设计

源自前苏联的TRIZ理论是解决创新问题的理论.文中对TRIZ理论进行了阐述,对TRIZ理论在产品创新设计过程中的应用进行了探讨.应用该理论可快速有效地找到问题的解决方案,并以自行车的创新设计为例说明了TRIZ理论的应用方法和程序.     

面向复杂系统创新的TRIZ与DFSS集成应用模式

针对目前现有创新方法在解决复杂系统问题时出现问题定位不准,分析不彻底,难以产生创新性方案,以及复杂系统设计领域尚缺乏系统的方法论的问题.研究创新设计理论(Theory of Innovation Problem Solving,TRIZ)与六西格玛设计(Design For Six Sigma,DFSS)集成方法,根据...     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.